盡管microRNA芯片和microRNA測序檢測方法已經(jīng)普遍使用,,但qRT-PCR依舊是檢驗microRNA表達定量的金標準。 由于microRNA的結(jié)構(gòu)特殊,,長度只有18-25個堿基,,無法直接采用常規(guī)的PCR技術(shù)擴增,因此RT-qPCR的引物設計對很多剛剛接觸microRNA的同學都是一個難題,。在針對microRNA的PCR技術(shù)中,,設計其引物的理念是基于延長待測microRNA的長度,構(gòu)建出一個足夠長的PCR模板,,才能進一步應用PCR技術(shù)來定量分析,。 最常用的microRNA 反轉(zhuǎn)錄PCR方法就是莖環(huán)法(stem-loop)和加尾法(poly-A tail)。由于莖環(huán)法反轉(zhuǎn)錄的引物設計原理限制,加尾法的檢測通量比莖環(huán)法更高,,因此加尾法也被實驗室普遍使用,。 今天小編就給大家介紹一個批量設計microRNA加尾法反轉(zhuǎn)錄PCR引物的軟件miRprimer,重點是一鍵完成哦,! miRprimer 官方推薦下載網(wǎng)站:https:///projects/miRprimer/ 網(wǎng)站后臺文件直接下載miRprimer地址: https://jaist.dl./project/miRprimer/miRprimer2_installer.zip miRprimer2_installer.zip,,整個軟件的壓縮包只有2.68M (2848kb)大小。 提醒: 1. 軟件支持在Windows XP或更高系統(tǒng)中運行,,還沒在蘋果電腦Mac OS系統(tǒng)測試(原因是小編的錢包羞澀~~) 2. 經(jīng)小編測試,,最新版本miRprimer順利運行,不需在電腦中安裝Ruby腳本環(huán)境,。 第一步 miRprimer2_installer.zip壓縮包2.68M大小,,下載后解壓縮生成同名文件夾,內(nèi)有三個文件:input_miRs.txt,、miRprimer2.exe,、README.txt。 特別提示:不要更改這些文件的文件名,。 第二步 input_miRs.txt,,fasta格式儲存的是需要設計引物的microRNA名字和序列。 可以按照模板形式輸入待設計引物的microRNA名字和序列: >miR name microRNA sequence 第三步 雙擊exe程序之后,,會出現(xiàn)一個DOS界面,。這時引物設計就已經(jīng)完成了(意不意外,驚不驚喜,?~~),。這時文件夾會出現(xiàn)5個新txt文件,隨手點擊鍵盤enter后,,DOS界面消失,。 ——恭喜你,引物設計完成了,! 小編推薦用MS Excel程序打開查看使用,,方便編輯復制提交。 result_best_primer_pairs.txt文件包含了每個microRNA最佳引物的評分,、正向和反向引物的評分,,以及引物二聚體形成的評分。這里只有評分最高的引物對,,小編推薦優(yōu)先采納這個文件中給出的最佳引物對,,將序列提交引物合成服務商。 如果上面提供的最佳引物實驗效果不佳,,或者溶解曲線不理想的話,,其他四個文件就派上用場,。 result_all_primer_pairs.txt文件包含了每個microRNA的所有引物對評分和引物二聚體的評分信息。 result_f_primers.txt和result_r_primers.txt文件,,包含了每個正向引物和反向引物的長度,、評分,基于評分的排名和詳細評分數(shù),;
result_comparison_of_pairs.txt文件,,目的是便于人工檢查所有正向和反向引物間兩兩之間序列相似度差異。Similarty to other pairs相似度越低,,引物間差異越大,;序列完全相同的引物,相似度是1,。 如果軟件提供的最佳引物對在反轉(zhuǎn)錄中工作不如意,,不如試試那些相似度低的備選引物試試看。 那么問題來了,,有朋友問小編: 人和其他模式動物 [1] miR-181d regulates human dendritic cell maturation through NF-κB pathway. Cell Prolif. 2017 Jul 21. doi: 10.1111/cpr.12358. (人microRNA) [2] MicroRNA profiling of low-grade glial and glioneuronal tumors shows an independent role for cluster 14q32.31 member miR-487b. Mod Pathol. 2017 Feb;30(2):204-216. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.177. (人microRNA) [3] Leptin and insulin up-regulate miR-4443 to suppress NCOA1 and TRAF4, and decrease the invasiveness of human colon cancer cells. BMC Cancer. 2016 Nov 14;16(1):882. (人microRNA) [4] An miRNA-mediated therapy for SCA6 blocks IRES-driven translation of the CACNA1A second cistron. Sci Transl Med. 2016 Jul 13;8(347):347ra94. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf5660. (人microRNA) [5] Astrocytes Can Adopt Endothelial Cell Fates in a p53-Dependent Manner. Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Aug;54(6):4584-4596. doi: 10.1007/s12035-016-9974-3. (小鼠microRNA) [6] Circulating miRNAs in Murine Experimental Endometriosis. Reprod Sci. 2017 Mar;24(3):376-381. doi: 10.1177/1933719116667228. (小鼠microRNA) [7] Dissecting genetics of cutaneous miRNA in a mouse model of an autoimmune blistering disease. BMC Genomics. 2016 Feb 16;17:112. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2455-2. (小鼠microRNA) [8] Rapamycin (Sirolimus) alters mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway regulation and microRNA expression in mouse meiotic spermatocytes. Andrology. 2015 Sep;3(5):979-90. doi: 10.1111/andr.12075. (小鼠microRNA) [9] Impact of 17beta-estradiol and progesterone on inflammatory and apoptotic microRNA expression after ischemia in a rat model. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2017 Mar;167:126-134. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.11.018. (大鼠microRNA) [10] Circulating let-7g is down-regulated in Bernese Mountain dogs with disseminated histiocytic sarcoma and carcinomas - a prospective study. Vet Comp Oncol. 2017 Jun;15(2):525-533. doi: 10.1111/vco.12196. (狗microRNA) [11] Joint Profiling of miRNAs and mRNAs Reveals miRNA Mediated Gene Regulation in the G?ttingen Minipig Obesity Model. PLoS One. 2016 Nov 30;11(11):e0167285. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167285. (小型豬microRNA) [12] Hepatic expression of inflammatory genes and microRNAs in pigs with high 'cholesteryl ester transfer protein' (CETP) activity. Mamm Genome. 2016 Oct;27(9-10):503-10. doi: 10.1007/s00335-016-9649-4. (豬microRNA) [13] Transcriptional analysis of porcine intestinal mucosa infected with Salmonella Typhimurium revealed a massive inflammatory response and disruption of bile acid absorption in ileum. Vet Res. 2016 Jan 7;47:11. doi: 10.1186/s13567-015-0286-9. (豬microRNA) [14] Gender and Obesity Specific MicroRNA Expression in Adipose Tissue from Lean and Obese Pigs. PLoS One. 2015 Jul 29;10(7):e0131650. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131650. (豬microRNA)
植物 [15] Time-Course Small RNA Profiling Reveals Rice miRNAs and Their Target Genes in Response to Rice Stripe Virus Infection. PLoS One. 2016 Sep 14;11(9):e0162319. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162319. (水稻microRNA) [16] Small RNA sequencing and degradome analysis of developing fibers of short fiber mutants Ligon-lintles-1 (Li 1 ) and -2 (Li 2 ) revealed a role for miRNAs and their targets in cotton fiber elongation. BMC Genomics. 2016 May 17;17:360. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2715-1. (棉花microRNA) [17] Identification of novel small ncRNAs in pollen of tomato. BMC Genomics. 2015 Sep 18;16:714. doi: 10.1186/s12864-015-1901-x. (西紅柿small non-coding RNA)
微生物 [18] Manipulation of Viral MicroRNAs as a Potential Antiviral Strategy for the Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Infection. Viruses. 2017 May 19;9(5). (病毒microRNA) [19] Stem-Loop RT-qPCR as an Efficient Tool for the Detection and Quantification of Small RNAs in Giardia lamblia. Genes (Basel). 2016 Dec 20;7(12). pii: E131. doi: 10.3390/genes7120131. (鞭毛蟲microRNA) [20] EBV and not HPV sensitizes tobacco-associated head and neck cancer cell line FaDu to radiotherapy. Acta Otolaryngol. 2016;136(4):354-62. doi: 10.3109/00016489.2015.1114182. (病毒和人microRNA)
綜述和方法學文獻 [21] Considerations for optimization of microRNA PCR assays for molecular diagnosis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2016;16(4):407-14. doi: 10.1586/14737159.2016.1152184. (綜述) [22] Towards the identification of the loci of adaptive evolution. Methods Ecol Evol. 2015 Apr;6(4):445-464. (綜述) [23] MicroRNAome genome: a treasure for cancer diagnosis and therapy. CA Cancer J Clin. 2014 Sep-Oct;64(5):311-36. doi: 10.3322/caac.21244. (綜述) [24] Quantification of miRNAs by a simple and specific qPCR method. Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1182:73-81. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1062-5_7. (方法學) |
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