《聲律啟蒙》作者(清)車(chē)萬(wàn)育,,字雙亭,,號(hào)鶴田,湖南邵陽(yáng)人,??滴跫壮竭M(jìn)士,官至兵科幾給事中,??滴醵?1663),與兄萬(wàn)備同舉湖廣鄉(xiāng)試,,明年成進(jìn)士,,選庶吉士。性剛直,,直聲震天下,,至性純篤,學(xué)問(wèn)賅博,。善書(shū)法,,所藏明代墨跡最富,有螢照堂明代法書(shū)石刻十卷,?!秾殤c府志》 簡(jiǎn)介 詩(shī)詞和對(duì)聯(lián)是中國(guó)古代重要的文學(xué)形式,,兩千多年來(lái)一直薪火相傳,至今仍具有強(qiáng)大的生命力,。在古代,,自私塾的幼童起,就開(kāi)始這種文學(xué)修養(yǎng)的訓(xùn)練,,對(duì)聲調(diào),、音律、格律等都有嚴(yán)格的要求,。因此,,一些聲律方面的著作也應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,而其中清朝康熙年間車(chē)萬(wàn)育所作的《聲律啟蒙》,,則是其中較有代表性的一種,。《聲律啟蒙》是訓(xùn)練兒童應(yīng)對(duì),、掌握聲韻格律的啟蒙讀物,,分為上下卷。按韻分編,,包羅天文,、地理、花木,、鳥(niǎo)獸,、人物、器物等的虛實(shí)應(yīng)對(duì),。從單字對(duì)到雙字對(duì),,三字對(duì)、五字對(duì),、七字對(duì)到十一字對(duì),,聲韻協(xié)調(diào),瑯瑯上口,,從中得到語(yǔ)音,、詞匯、修辭的訓(xùn)練,。從單字到多字的層層屬對(duì),,讀起來(lái),如唱歌般,。較之其它全用三言,、四言句式更見(jiàn)韻味。這類(lèi)讀物,,在啟蒙讀物中獨(dú)具一格,,經(jīng)久不衰,。明清以來(lái),如《訓(xùn)蒙駢句》,、《笠翁對(duì)韻》等書(shū),,都是采用這種方式編寫(xiě),并得以廣泛流傳,。 《聲律啟蒙》中的“一東”是什么意思:“東”指“東韻”,,是宋金時(shí)期的“平水韻”(也叫“詩(shī)韻”)中的一個(gè)韻部?!皷|”叫韻目,,即這個(gè)韻部的代表字。東韻中包含有許多字,,它們的共同點(diǎn)便是韻母相同(當(dāng)然是指隋唐五代兩宋時(shí)期的讀音),,像下面的三段文字中,每個(gè)句號(hào)之前的那個(gè)字,,即風(fēng),、空,、蟲(chóng),、弓、東,、宮,、紅、翁,、同,、童、窮,、銅,、通、融,、虹等 15字,,盡管在現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中的韻母并不完全相同,但都同屬于東韻,,如果是作格律詩(shī),,這些字就可以互相押韻?!耙弧?,是指東韻在平水韻中的次序。平水韻按照平,、上,、去,、人四個(gè)聲調(diào)分為 106個(gè)韻部,其中因?yàn)槠铰暤淖州^多,,故分為上下兩個(gè)部分,,東韻是上平聲中的第一個(gè)韻部。后面的“二冬”,、“三江”等情況也相同,,不再一一說(shuō)明。 全文-卷[上] 一 東 云對(duì)雨,,雪對(duì)風(fēng),,晚照對(duì)晴空。來(lái)鴻對(duì)去燕,,宿鳥(niǎo)對(duì)鳴蟲(chóng),。三尺劍,六鈞弓,,嶺北對(duì)江東,。人間清暑殿,天上廣寒宮,。兩岸曉煙楊柳綠,,一園春雨杏花紅。兩鬢風(fēng)霜,,途次早行之客;一蓑煙雨,,溪邊晚釣之翁。 沿對(duì)革,,異對(duì)同,,白叟對(duì)黃童。江風(fēng)對(duì)海霧,,牧子對(duì)漁翁,。顏巷陋,阮途窮,,冀北對(duì)遼東,。池中濯足水,門(mén)外打頭風(fēng),。梁帝講經(jīng)同泰寺,,漢皇置酒未央宮。塵慮縈心,,懶撫七弦綠綺;霜華滿鬢,,羞看百煉青銅。 貧對(duì)富,,塞對(duì)通,,野叟對(duì)溪童,。鬢皤對(duì)眉綠,齒皓對(duì)唇紅,。天浩浩,,日融融,佩劍對(duì)彎弓,。半溪流水綠,,千樹(shù)落花紅。野渡燕穿楊柳雨,,芳池魚(yú)戲芰荷風(fēng),。女子眉纖,額下現(xiàn)一彎新月;男兒氣壯,,胸中吐萬(wàn)丈長(zhǎng)虹,。 二 冬 春對(duì)夏,秋對(duì)冬,,暮鼓對(duì)晨鐘,。觀山對(duì)玩水,綠竹對(duì)蒼松,。馮婦虎,,葉公龍,舞蝶對(duì)鳴蛩,。銜泥雙紫燕,,課蜜幾黃蜂,。春日?qǐng)@中鶯恰恰,,秋天寒外雁雍雍。秦嶺云橫,,迢遞八千遠(yuǎn)路;巫山雨洗,,嵯峨十二危峰。 明對(duì)暗,,淡對(duì)濃,,上智對(duì)中庸。鏡奩對(duì)衣笥,,野杵對(duì)村舂,。花灼爍,,草蒙茸,,九夏對(duì)三冬。臺(tái)高名戲馬,,齋小號(hào)蟠龍,。手擘蟹螯從畢卓,,身披鶴氅自王恭。五老峰高,,秀插云霄如玉筆;三姑石大,,響傳風(fēng)雨若金鏞。 仁對(duì)義,,讓對(duì)恭,,禹舜對(duì)羲農(nóng)。雪花對(duì)云葉,,芍藥對(duì)芙蓉,。陳后主,漢中宗,,繡虎對(duì)雕龍,。柳塘風(fēng)淡淡,花圃月濃濃,。春日正宜朝看蝶,,秋風(fēng)那更夜聞蛩。戰(zhàn)士邀功,,必借干戈成勇武;逸民適志,,須憑詩(shī)酒養(yǎng)踈慵。 三 江 樓對(duì)閣,,戶對(duì)窗,,巨海對(duì)長(zhǎng)江。蓉裳對(duì)蕙帳,,玉斝對(duì)銀釭,。青布幔,碧油幢,,寶劍對(duì)金缸,。忠心安社稷,利口覆家邦,。世祖中興延馬武,,桀王失道殺龍逄。秋雨瀟瀟,,漫爛黃花都滿徑;春風(fēng)裊裊,,扶疏綠竹正盈窗。 旌對(duì)旆,,蓋對(duì)幢,,故國(guó)對(duì)他邦。行山對(duì)萬(wàn)水,九澤對(duì)三江,。山岌岌,,水淙淙,鼓振對(duì)鐘撞,。清風(fēng)生酒舍,,白月照書(shū)窗。陣上倒戈辛紂戰(zhàn),,道旁系劍子?jì)虢?。夏日池塘,出沿浴波鷗對(duì)對(duì);春風(fēng)簾幕,,往來(lái)營(yíng)壘燕雙雙,。 銖對(duì)兩,只對(duì)雙,,華岳對(duì)湘江,。朝車(chē)對(duì)禁鼓,宿火對(duì)塞缸,。青瑣闥,,碧紗窗,漢社對(duì)周邦,。笙簫鳴細(xì)細(xì),,鐘鼓響摐摐。主簿棲鸞名有覽,,治中展驥姓惟龐,。蘇武牧羊,雪屢餐于北海;莊周活鮒,,水必決于西江,。 四 支 茶對(duì)酒,賦對(duì)詩(shī),,燕子對(duì)鶯兒,。栽花對(duì)種竹,,落絮對(duì)游絲,。四目頡,一足夔,,鴝鵒對(duì)鷺鷥,。半池紅菡萏,一架白荼蘼,。幾陣秋風(fēng)能應(yīng)候,,一犁春雨甚知時(shí)。智伯恩深,國(guó)士吞變形之炭;羊公德大,,邑人豎墮淚之碑,。 行對(duì)止,速對(duì)遲,,舞劍對(duì)圍棋,。花箋對(duì)草字,,竹簡(jiǎn)對(duì)毛錐,。汾水鼎,峴山碑,,虎豹對(duì)熊羆,。花開(kāi)紅錦繡,,水漾碧琉璃,。去婦因探鄰舍棗,出妻為種后園葵,。笛韻和諧,,仙管恰從云里降;櫓聲咿軋,漁舟正向雪中移,。 戈對(duì)甲,,鼓對(duì)旗,紫燕對(duì)黃鸝,。梅酸對(duì)李苦,,青眼對(duì)白眉。三弄笛,,一圍棋,,雨打?qū)︼L(fēng)吹。海棠春睡早,,楊柳晝眠遲,。張駿曾為槐樹(shù)賦,杜陵不作海棠詩(shī),。晉士特奇,,可比一斑之豹;唐儒博識(shí),堪為五總之龜,。 五 微 來(lái)對(duì)往,,密對(duì)稀,燕舞對(duì)鶯飛,。風(fēng)清對(duì)月朗,,露重對(duì)煙微,。霜菊瘦,雨梅肥,,客路對(duì)漁磯,。晚霞舒錦繡,朝露綴珠璣,。夏暑客思欹石枕,,秋寒?huà)D念寄邊衣。春水才深,,青草岸邊漁父去;夕陽(yáng)半落,,綠莎原上牧童歸。 寬對(duì)猛,,是對(duì)非,,服美對(duì)乘肥。珊瑚對(duì)玳瑁,,錦繡對(duì)珠璣,。桃灼灼,柳依依,,綠暗對(duì)紅稀,。窗前鶯并語(yǔ),簾外燕雙飛,。漢致太平三尺劍,,周臻大定一戎衣。吟成賞月之詩(shī),,只愁月墮;斟滿送春之酒,,惟憾春歸。 聲對(duì)色,,飽對(duì)饑,,虎節(jié)對(duì)龍旗。楊花對(duì)桂葉,,白簡(jiǎn)對(duì)朱衣,。尨也吠,燕于飛,,蕩蕩對(duì)巍巍,。春暄資日氣,秋冷借霜威,。出使振威馮奉世,,治民異等尹翁歸。燕我弟兄,,載詠棣棠韡韡;命伊將帥,,為歌楊柳依依。 六 魚(yú) 無(wú)對(duì)有,,實(shí)對(duì)虛,,作賦對(duì)觀書(shū)。綠窗對(duì)朱戶,,寶馬對(duì)香車(chē),。伯樂(lè)馬,浩然驢,,弋雁對(duì)求魚(yú),。分金齊鮑叔,奉璧藺相如,。擲地金聲孫綽賦,,回文錦字竇滔書(shū)。未遇殷宗,,胥靡困傅巖之筑;既逢周后,,太公舍渭水之漁。 終對(duì)始,,疾對(duì)徐,,短褐對(duì)華裾。六朝對(duì)三國(guó),,天祿對(duì)石渠,。千字策,八行書(shū),,有若對(duì)相如,。花殘無(wú)戲蝶,,藻密有潛魚(yú),。落葉舞風(fēng)高復(fù)下,小荷浮水卷還舒,。愛(ài)見(jiàn)人長(zhǎng),, 共服宣尼休假蓋;恐彰已吝,誰(shuí)知阮裕竟焚車(chē),。 麟對(duì)鳳,,鱉對(duì)魚(yú),內(nèi)史對(duì)中書(shū),。犁鋤對(duì)耒耜,,畎澮對(duì)郊墟。犀角帶,,象牙梳,,駟馬對(duì)安車(chē),。青衣能報(bào)赦,黃耳解傳書(shū),。庭畔有人持短劍,,門(mén)前無(wú)客曳長(zhǎng)裾。波浪拍船,,駭舟人之水宿;峰巒繞舍,,樂(lè)隱者之山居。 七 虞 金對(duì)玉,,寶對(duì)珠,,玉兔對(duì)金鳥(niǎo)。孤舟對(duì)短棹,,一雁對(duì)雙鳧,。橫醉眼,捻吟須,,李白對(duì)楊朱,。秋霜多過(guò)雁,夜月有啼烏,。日曖園林花易賞,,雪寒村舍酒難沽。人處嶺南,,善探巨象口中齒;客居江右,,偶奪驪龍頷下珠。 賢對(duì)圣,,智對(duì)愚,,傅粉對(duì)施朱。名韁對(duì)利鎖,,挈榼對(duì)提壺,。鳩哺子,燕調(diào)雛,,石帳對(duì)郇廚,。煙輕籠岸柳,風(fēng)急撼庭梧,。鸜眼一方端石硯,,龍涎三炷博山壚。曲沼魚(yú)多,,可使?jié)O人結(jié)網(wǎng);平田兔少,,漫勞耕者守株。 秦對(duì)趙,,越對(duì)吳,,釣客對(duì)耕夫,。箕裘對(duì)杖履,,杞梓對(duì)桑榆,。天欲曉,,日將晡,,狡兔對(duì)妖狐。讀書(shū)甘刺股,,煮粥惜焚須,。韓信武能增四海,左思文足賦三都,。嘉遁幽人,,適志竹籬茅舍;勝游公子,玩情柳陌花衢,。 八 齊 巖對(duì)岫,,澗對(duì)溪,遠(yuǎn)岸對(duì)危堤,。鶴長(zhǎng)對(duì)鳧短,,水雁對(duì)山雞。星拱北,,月流西,,漢露對(duì)湯霓。桃林牛已放,,虞坂馬長(zhǎng)嘶,。叔侄去官聞廣受,弟兄讓國(guó)有夷齊,。三月春濃,,芍藥叢中蝴蝶舞;五更天曉,海棠枝上子規(guī)啼,。 云對(duì)雨,,水對(duì)泥,白璧對(duì)玄圭,。獻(xiàn)瓜對(duì)投李,,禁鼓對(duì)征鼙。徐稚榻,,魯班梯,,鳳翥對(duì)鸞棲,有官清似水,,無(wú)客醉如泥,。截發(fā)惟聞侃母,,斷機(jī)只有樂(lè)羊妻。秋望佳人,,目送樓頭千里雁;早行遠(yuǎn)客,,夢(mèng)驚枕上五更雞。 熊對(duì)虎,,象對(duì)犀,,霹靂對(duì)虹霓。杜鵑對(duì)孔雀,,桂嶺對(duì)梅溪,。蕭史鳳,宋宗雞,,遠(yuǎn)近對(duì)高低,。水寒魚(yú)不躍,林茂鳥(niǎo)頻棲,。楊柳和煙彭澤縣,,桃花流水武陵溪。公子追歡,,閑驟玉驄游綺陌;佳人倦繡,,悶欹珊枕掩香閨。 九 佳 河對(duì)海,,漢對(duì)淮,,赤岸對(duì)朱崖。鷺飛對(duì)魚(yú)躍,,寶鈿對(duì)金釵,。魚(yú)圉圉,鳥(niǎo)喈喈,,草履對(duì)芒鞋,。古賢嘗篤厚,時(shí)輩喜詼諧,。孟訓(xùn)文公談性善,,顏師孔子問(wèn)心齋。緩撫琴弦,,像流鶯而并語(yǔ);斜排箏柱,。類(lèi)過(guò)雁之相挨。 豐對(duì)儉,,等對(duì)差,,布襖對(duì)荊釵。雁行對(duì)魚(yú)陣,榆塞對(duì)蘭崖,。挑薺女,,采蓮?fù)蓿諒綄?duì)苔階,。詩(shī)成對(duì)六義備,,樂(lè)奏八音諧。造律吏哀秦法酷,,知音人說(shuō)鄭聲哇,。天欲飛霜,塞上有鴻行已過(guò);云將作雨,,庭前多蟻陣先排,。 城對(duì)市,,巷對(duì)街,,破屋對(duì)空階。桃枝對(duì)桂葉,,砌蚓對(duì)墻蝸,。梅可望,橘堪懷,,季路對(duì)高柴,。花藏沽酒市,,竹映讀書(shū)齋,。馬首不容孤竹扣,車(chē)輪終就洛陽(yáng)埋,。朝宰錦衣,,貴束烏犀之帶;宮人寶髻,宜簪白燕之釵,。 十 灰 增對(duì)損,,閉對(duì)開(kāi),碧草對(duì)蒼苔,。書(shū)簽對(duì)筆架,,兩曜對(duì)三臺(tái)。周召虎,,宋桓魋,,閬苑對(duì)蓬萊。薰風(fēng)生殿閣,,皓月照樓臺(tái),。卻馬漢文思罷獻(xiàn),吞蝗唐太冀移災(zāi)。照耀八荒,,赫赫麗天秋日;震驚百里,,轟轟出地春雷。 沙對(duì)水,,火對(duì)灰,,雨雪對(duì)風(fēng)雷。書(shū)淫對(duì)傳癖,,水滸對(duì)巖隈,。歌舊曲,釀新醅,,舞館對(duì)歌臺(tái),。春棠經(jīng)雨放,秋菊傲霜開(kāi),。作酒固難忘曲蘗,,調(diào)羹必要用鹽梅。月滿庾樓,,據(jù)胡床而可玩;花開(kāi)唐苑,,轟羯鼓以奚催。 休對(duì)咎,,福對(duì)災(zāi),,象箸對(duì)犀杯。宮花對(duì)御柳,,峻閣對(duì)高臺(tái),。花蓓蕾,,草根荄,,剔蘚對(duì)剜苔。雨前庭蟻鬧,,霜后陣?guó)櫚?。元亮南窗今日傲,孫弘東閣幾時(shí)開(kāi),。平展青茵,,野外茸茸軟草;高張翠幄,庭前郁郁涼槐,。 十一 真 邪對(duì)正,,假對(duì)真,獬豸對(duì)麒麟,。韓盧對(duì)蘇雁,,陸橘對(duì)莊椿。韓五鬼,李三人,,北魏對(duì)西秦,。蟬鳴哀暮夏,鶯囀怨殘春,。野燒焰騰紅爍爍,,溪流波皺碧粼粼。行無(wú)蹤,,居無(wú)廬,,頌成酒德;動(dòng)有時(shí),藏有節(jié),,論著錢(qián)神,。 哀對(duì)樂(lè),富對(duì)貧,,好友對(duì)嘉賓,。彈琴對(duì)結(jié)綬,白日對(duì)青春,。金翡翠,,玉麒麟,虎爪對(duì)龍麟,。柳塘生細(xì)浪,花徑起香塵,。閑愛(ài)登山穿謝屐,,醉思漉酒脫陶巾。雪冷霜嚴(yán),,倚檻松筠同傲歲;日遲風(fēng)暖,,滿園花柳各爭(zhēng)春。 香對(duì)火,,炭對(duì)薪,,日觀對(duì)天津。禪心對(duì)道眼,,野婦對(duì)宮嬪,。仁無(wú)敵,德有鄰,,萬(wàn)石對(duì)千鈞,。滔滔三峽水,冉冉一溪冰,。充國(guó)功名當(dāng)畫(huà)閣,,子張言行貴書(shū)紳。篤志詩(shī)書(shū),思入圣賢絕域;忘情官爵,,羞沾名利纖塵,。 十二 文 家對(duì)國(guó),武對(duì)文,,四輔對(duì)三軍,。九經(jīng)對(duì)三史,菊馥對(duì)蘭芬,。歌北鄙,,詠南薰,邇聽(tīng)對(duì)遙聞,。召公周太保,,李廣漢將軍。聞化蜀民皆草偃,,爭(zhēng)權(quán)晉土已瓜分,。巫峽夜深,猿嘯苦哀巴地月;衡峰秋早,,雁飛高貼楚天云,。 欹對(duì)正,見(jiàn)對(duì)聞,,偃武對(duì)修文,。羊車(chē)對(duì)鶴駕,朝旭對(duì)晚曛,?;ㄓ衅G,竹成文,,馬燧對(duì)羊欣,。山中梁宰相,樹(shù)下漢將軍,。施帳解圍嘉道韞,,當(dāng)壚沽酒嘆文君。好景有期,,北嶺幾枝梅似雪;豐年先兆,,西郊千頃稼如云。 堯?qū)λ?,夏?duì)殷,,蔡惠對(duì)劉蕡。山明對(duì)水秀,,五典對(duì)三墳,。唐李杜,,晉機(jī)云,事父對(duì)忠君,。雨晴鳩喚婦,,霜冷雁呼群。酒量洪深周仆射,,詩(shī)才俊逸鮑參軍,。鳥(niǎo)翼長(zhǎng)隨,鳳兮洵眾離長(zhǎng);狐威不假,,虎也真百獸尊,。 十三 元 幽對(duì)顯,寂對(duì)喧,,柳岸對(duì)桃源,。鶯朋對(duì)燕友,早暮對(duì)寒暄,。魚(yú)躍沼,,鶴乘軒,醉膽對(duì)吟魂,。輕塵生范甑,,積雪擁袁門(mén)??|縷輕煙芳草渡,,絲絲微雨杏花村。詣闕王通,,獻(xiàn)太平十二策;出關(guān)老子,,著道德五千言。 兒對(duì)女,,子對(duì)孫,藥圃對(duì)花村,。高樓對(duì)邃閣,,赤豹對(duì)玄猿。妃子騎,,夫人軒,,曠野對(duì)平原。匏巴能鼓瑟,,伯氏善吹塤,。馥馥早梅思驛使,萋萋芳草怨王孫,。秋夕月明,,蘇子黃崗游絕壁;春朝花發(fā),,石家金谷啟芳園。 歌對(duì)舞,,德對(duì)恩,,犬馬對(duì)雞豚。龍池對(duì)鳳沼,,雨驟對(duì)云屯,。劉向閣,李膺門(mén),,唳鶴對(duì)啼猿,。柳搖春白晝,梅弄月黃昏,,歲冷松筠皆有節(jié),,春喧桃李本無(wú)言。噪晚齊蟬,,歲歲秋來(lái)泣恨;啼宵蜀鳥(niǎo),,年年春去傷魂。 十四 寒 多對(duì)少,,易對(duì)難,,虎踞對(duì)龍?bào)础}堉蹖?duì)鳳輦,,白鶴對(duì)青鸞,。風(fēng)淅淅,露漙漙,,繡轂對(duì)雕鞍,。魚(yú)游荷葉沼,鷺立蓼花灘,。有酒阮貂奚用解,,無(wú)魚(yú)馮鋏必須彈。丁固夢(mèng)松,,柯葉忽然生腹上;文郎畫(huà)竹,,枝梢倏爾長(zhǎng)毫端。 寒對(duì)暑,,濕對(duì)干,,魯隱對(duì)齊桓。寒氈對(duì)明暖席,,夜飲對(duì)晨餐,。叔子帶,仲由冠,,郟鄏對(duì)邯鄲,。嘉禾憂夏旱,,衰柳耐秋寒。楊柳綠遮元亮宅,,杏花紅映仲尼壇,。江水流長(zhǎng),環(huán)繞似青羅帶;海蟾輪滿,,澄明如白玉盤(pán),。 橫對(duì)豎,窄對(duì)寬,,黑志對(duì)彈丸,。朱簾對(duì)畫(huà)棟,彩檻對(duì)雕欄,。春既老,,夜將闌,百辟對(duì)千官,。懷仁稱(chēng)足足,,抱義美般般。好馬君王曾市骨,,食豬處士?jī)H思肝,。世仰雙仙,元禮舟中攜郭泰,,人稱(chēng)連壁,,夏侯車(chē)上并潘安。 十五 刪 興對(duì)廢,,附對(duì)攀,,露草對(duì)霜菅,歌廉對(duì)借寇,,習(xí)孔對(duì)希顏,。山壘壘,水潺潺,,奉壁對(duì)探镮,。禮由公旦作,詩(shī)本仲尼刪,。驢困客方經(jīng)灞水,雞鳴人已出函關(guān),。幾夜霜飛,,已有蒼鴻辭北塞;數(shù)朝霧暗,豈無(wú)玄豹隱南山,。 猶對(duì)尚,,侈對(duì)慳,,霧髻對(duì)煙鬟。鶯啼對(duì)鵲噪,,獨(dú)鶴對(duì)雙鷴,。黃牛峽,金馬山,,結(jié)草對(duì)銜環(huán),。昆山惟玉集,合浦有珠還,。阮籍舊能為眼白,,老萊新愛(ài)著衣斑。棲遲避世人,,草衣木食;窈窕傾城女,,云鬢花顏。 姚對(duì)宋,,柳對(duì)顏,,賞善對(duì)懲奸。愁中對(duì)夢(mèng)里,,巧慧對(duì)癡頑,。孔北海,,謝東山,,使越對(duì)征蠻,淫聲聞濮上,,離曲聽(tīng)陽(yáng)關(guān),。驍將袍披仁貴白,小兒衣著老萊斑,。茅舍無(wú)人,,難卻塵埃生榻上;竹亭有客,尚留風(fēng)月在窗間,。 全文-卷[下] 一 先 晴對(duì)雨,,地對(duì)天,天地對(duì)山川,。山川對(duì)草木,,赤壁對(duì)青田。郟鄏鼎,,武城弦,,木筆對(duì)苔錢(qián)。金城三月柳,,玉井九秋蓮,。何處春朝風(fēng)景好,,誰(shuí)家秋夜月華圓。珠綴花梢,,千點(diǎn)薔薇香露;練橫樹(shù)杪,,幾絲楊柳殘煙。 前對(duì)后,,后對(duì)先,,眾丑對(duì)孤妍。鶯簧對(duì)蝶板,,虎穴對(duì)龍淵,。擊石磬,觀韋編,,鼠目對(duì)鳶肩,。春園花柳地,秋沼芰荷天,。白羽頻揮閑客坐,,烏紗半墜醉翁眠。野店幾家,,羊角風(fēng)搖沽酒旆;長(zhǎng)川一帶,,鴨頭波泛賣(mài)魚(yú)船。 離對(duì)坎,,震對(duì)乾,,一日對(duì)千年,堯天對(duì)舜日,,蜀水對(duì)秦川,。蘇武節(jié),鄭虔氈,,澗壑對(duì)林泉,。揮戈能退日,持管莫窺天,。寒食芳辰花爛熳,,中秋佳節(jié)月嬋娟。夢(mèng)里榮華,,飄忽枕中之客,,壺中日月,安閑市上之仙,。 二 蕭 恭對(duì)慢,,吝對(duì)驕,水遠(yuǎn)對(duì)山遙。松軒對(duì)竹檻,,雪賦對(duì)風(fēng)謠。乘五馬,,貫雙雕,,燭滅對(duì)香消。明蟾常徹夜,,驟雨不終朝,。樓閣天涼風(fēng)颯颯,關(guān)河地隔雨瀟瀟,。幾點(diǎn)鷺鷥,,日暮常飛紅蓼岸;一雙鸂鶒,春朝頻泛綠楊橋,。 開(kāi)對(duì)落,,暗對(duì)昭,趙瑟對(duì)虞韶,。軺車(chē)對(duì)驛騎,,錦繡對(duì)瓊瑤。羞攘臂,,懶折腰,,范甑對(duì)顏瓢。寒天鴛帳酒,,夜月鳳臺(tái)簫,。舞女腰肢楊柳軟,佳人顏貌海棠嬌,。豪客尋春,,南陌草青香陣陣;閑人避暑,東堂蕉綠影搖搖,。 班對(duì)馬,,董對(duì)晁,夏晝對(duì)春宵,。雷聲對(duì)電影,,麥穗對(duì)禾苗。八千路,,廿四橋,,總角對(duì)垂髫。露桃勻嫩臉,,風(fēng)柳舞纖腰,。賈誼賦成傷鵩鳥(niǎo),周公詩(shī)就托鴟鸮。幽寺尋僧,,逸興豈知俄爾盡;長(zhǎng)亭送客,,離魂不覺(jué)黯然消。 三 肴 風(fēng)對(duì)雅,,象對(duì)爻,,巨蟒對(duì)長(zhǎng)蛟。天文對(duì)地理,,蟋蟀對(duì)螵蛸,。龍生矯,虎咆哮,,北學(xué)對(duì)東膠,。筑臺(tái)須壘土,成屋必誅茅,。潘岳不忘秋興賦,,邊韶常被晝眠嘲。撫養(yǎng)群黎,,已見(jiàn)國(guó)家隆治;滋生萬(wàn)物,,方知天地泰交。 蛇對(duì)虺,,蜃對(duì)蛟,,麟藪對(duì)鵲巢。風(fēng)聲對(duì)月色,,麥穗對(duì)桑苞,。何妥難,子云嘲,,楚甸對(duì)商郊,。五音惟耳聽(tīng),萬(wàn)慮在心包,。葛被湯征因仇餉,,楚遭齊伐責(zé)包茅。高矣若天,,洵是圣人大道;淡而如水,,實(shí)為君子神交。 牛對(duì)馬,,犬對(duì)貓,,旨酒對(duì)嘉肴。桃紅對(duì)柳綠,,竹葉對(duì)松梢,,藜杖叟,,布衣樵,北野對(duì)東郊,。白駒形皎皎,黃鳥(niǎo)語(yǔ)交交,?;ㄆ源簹垷o(wú)客到,柴門(mén)夜永有僧敲,。墻畔佳人,飄揚(yáng)競(jìng)把秋千舞;樓前公子,,笑語(yǔ)爭(zhēng)將蹴踘拋。 四 豪 琴對(duì)瑟,,劍對(duì)刀,地迥對(duì)天高,。峨冠對(duì)博帶,紫綬對(duì)緋袍,。煎異茗,酌香醪,,虎兕對(duì)猿猱。武夫攻騎射,,野婦務(wù)蠶繅。秋雨一川淇澳竹,,春風(fēng)兩岸武陵桃。螺髻青濃,,樓外晚山千仞;鴨頭綠膩,,溪中春水半篙,。 刑對(duì)賞,貶對(duì)褒,破斧對(duì)征袍,。梧桐對(duì)橘柚,,枳棘對(duì)蓬蒿。雷煥劍,,呂虔刀,,橄欖對(duì)葡萄,。一椽書(shū)舍小,,百尺酒樓高。李白能詩(shī)時(shí)秉筆,,劉伶愛(ài)酒每哺糟,。禮別尊卑,拱北眾星常燦燦;勢(shì)分高下,,朝東萬(wàn)水自滔滔,。 瓜對(duì)果,李對(duì)桃,,犬子對(duì)羊羔,。春分對(duì)夏至,谷水對(duì)山濤,。雙鳳翼,,九牛毛,主逸對(duì)臣勞,。水流無(wú)限闊,,山聳有余高。雨打村童新牧笠,,塵生邊將舊征袍??∈烤庸?,榮引鹓鴻之序;忠臣報(bào)國(guó),,誓殫犬馬之勞,。 五 歌 山對(duì)水,海對(duì)河,,雪竹對(duì)煙蘿,。新歡對(duì)舊恨,,痛飲對(duì)高歌,。琴再撫,,劍重磨,媚柳對(duì)枯荷,。荷盤(pán)從雨洗,,柳線任風(fēng)搓,。飲酒豈知欹醉帽,,觀棋不覺(jué)爛樵柯,。山寺清幽,,直踞千尋云嶺;江樓宏敞,,遙臨萬(wàn)頃煙波,。 繁對(duì)簡(jiǎn),,少對(duì)多,里詠對(duì)途歌,?;虑閷?duì)旅況,,銀鹿對(duì)銅駝,。刺史鴨,,將軍鵝,,玉律對(duì)金科。古堤垂亸柳,,曲沼長(zhǎng)新荷,。命駕呂因思叔夜,引車(chē)藺為避廉頗,。千尺水簾,,今古無(wú)人能手卷;一輪月鏡,乾坤何匠用功磨,。 霜對(duì)露,,浪對(duì)波,徑菊對(duì)池荷,。酒闌對(duì)歌罷,日暖對(duì)風(fēng)和,。梁父詠,,楚狂歌,放鶴對(duì)觀鵝,。史才推永叔,,刀筆仰蕭何。種橘猶嫌千樹(shù)少,,寄梅誰(shuí)信一枝多。林下風(fēng)生,,黃發(fā)村童推牧笠;江頭日出,,皓眉溪叟曬漁蓑。 六 麻 松對(duì)柏,,縷對(duì)麻,,蟻陣對(duì)蜂衙。頳鱗對(duì)白鷺,,凍雀對(duì)昏鴉,,白墮酒,碧沉茶,,品笛對(duì)吹笳。秋涼梧墮葉,,春暖杏開(kāi)花,。雨長(zhǎng)苔痕侵壁砌,月移梅影上窗紗,。颯颯秋風(fēng),度城頭之篳篥;遲遲晚照,,動(dòng)江上之琵琶,。 優(yōu)對(duì)劣,,凸對(duì)凹,,翠竹對(duì)黃花,。松杉對(duì)杞梓,菽麥對(duì)桑麻,。山不斷,,水無(wú)涯,煮酒對(duì)烹茶,。魚(yú)游池面水,,鷺立岸頭沙。百畝風(fēng)翻陶令秫,,一畦雨熟邵平瓜,。閑捧竹根,飲李白一壺之酒;偶擎桐葉,,啜盧同七碗之茶。 吳對(duì)楚,,蜀對(duì)巴,,落日對(duì)流霞,。酒錢(qián)對(duì)詩(shī)債,,柏葉對(duì)松花,。馳驛騎,泛仙槎,,碧玉對(duì)丹砂,。設(shè)橋偏送筍,開(kāi)道竟還瓜,。楚國(guó)大夫沉汨水,,洛陽(yáng)才子謫長(zhǎng)沙。書(shū)篋琴囊,,乃士流活計(jì);藥爐茶鼎,,實(shí)閑客生涯。 七 陽(yáng) 高對(duì)下,,短對(duì)長(zhǎng),,柳影對(duì)花香。詞人對(duì)賦客,,五帝對(duì)三王,。深院落,小池塘,,晚眺對(duì)晨妝,。絳霄唐帝殿,綠野晉公堂,。寒集謝莊衣上雪,,秋添潘岳鬢邊霜。人浴蘭湯,,事不忘于端午;客斟菊酒,興常記于重陽(yáng),。 堯?qū)λ?,禹?duì)湯,晉宋對(duì)隋唐,。奇花對(duì)異卉,,夏日對(duì)秋霜。八叉手,,九回腸,,地久對(duì)天長(zhǎng)。一堤楊柳綠,,三徑菊花黃,。聞鼓塞兵方戰(zhàn)斗,,聽(tīng)鐘宮女正梳妝。春飲方歸,,紗帽半淹鄰舍酒;早朝初退,,袞衣微惹御爐香。 荀對(duì)孟,,老對(duì)莊,,亸柳對(duì)垂楊。仙宮對(duì)梵宇,,小閣對(duì)長(zhǎng)廊,。風(fēng)月窟,水云鄉(xiāng),,蟋蟀對(duì)螳螂,。暖煙香靄靄,寒燭影煌煌,。伍子欲酬漁父劍,,韓生嘗竊賈公香。三月韶光,,常憶花明柳媚;一年好景,,難忘橘綠橙黃。 八 庚 深對(duì)淺,,重對(duì)輕,,有影對(duì)無(wú)聲。蜂腰對(duì)蝶翅,,宿醉對(duì)余酲,。天北缺,日東生,,獨(dú)臥對(duì)同行,。寒冰三尺厚,秋月十分明,。萬(wàn)卷書(shū)客容閑客覽,,一樽酒待故人傾。心侈唐玄,,厭看霓裳之曲;意驕陳主,,飽聞?dòng)駱?shù)之賡。 虛對(duì)實(shí),,送對(duì)迎,,后甲對(duì)先庚。鼓琴對(duì)舍瑟,搏虎對(duì)騎鯨,。金匼匝,,玉瑽琤,玉寧對(duì)金莖,?;ㄩg雙粉蝶,柳內(nèi)幾黃鶯,。貧里每甘藜藿味,,醉中厭聽(tīng)管弦聲。腸斷秋閨,,涼吹已侵重被冷;夢(mèng)驚曉枕,,殘?bào)釜q照半窗明。 漁對(duì)獵,,釣對(duì)耕,,玉振對(duì)金聲。雉城對(duì)雁塞,,柳梟對(duì)葵傾,。吹玉笛,弄銀笙,,阮杖對(duì)桓箏,。墨呼松處士,紙?zhí)栬壬?。露浥好花潘岳縣,,風(fēng)搓細(xì)柳亞夫營(yíng),撫動(dòng)琴弦,,遽覺(jué)座中風(fēng)雨至;哦成詩(shī)句,,應(yīng)知窗外鬼神驚。 九 青 紅對(duì)紫,,白對(duì)青,,漁火對(duì)禪燈。唐詩(shī)對(duì)漢史,,釋典對(duì)仙經(jīng),。龜曳尾,鶴梳翎,,月榭對(duì)風(fēng)亭。一輪秋夜月,,幾點(diǎn)曉天星,。晉士只知山簡(jiǎn)醉,楚人誰(shuí)識(shí)屈原醒。繡倦佳人,,慵把鴛鴦文作枕;吮毫畫(huà)者,,思將孔雀寫(xiě)為屏。 行對(duì)坐,,醉對(duì)醒,,佩紫對(duì)紆青。棋枰對(duì)筆架,,雨雪對(duì)雷霆,。狂蛺蝶,,小蜻蜓,,水岸對(duì)沙汀。天臺(tái)孫綽賦,,劍閣孟陽(yáng)銘,。傳信子卿千里雁,照書(shū)車(chē)胤一囊螢,。冉冉白云,,夜半高遮千里月;澄澄碧水,宵中寒映一天星,。 書(shū)對(duì)史,,傳對(duì)經(jīng),鸚鵡對(duì)鹡鸰,。黃茅對(duì)白荻,,綠草對(duì)青萍。風(fēng)繞鐸,,雨淋鈴,,水閣對(duì)山亭。渚蓮千朵白,,岸柳兩行青,。漢代宮中生秀柞,堯時(shí)階畔長(zhǎng)祥蓂,。一枰決勝,,棋子分黑白;半幅通靈,畫(huà)色間丹青,。 十 蒸 新對(duì)舊,,降對(duì)升,白犬對(duì)蒼鷹,。葛巾對(duì)藜杖,。澗水對(duì)池冰,。張兔網(wǎng),掛魚(yú)罾,,燕雀對(duì)鵬鹍,。爐中煎藥火,窗下讀書(shū)燈,??楀\逐梭成舞鳳,畫(huà)屏誤筆作飛蠅,。宴客劉公,,座上滿斟三雅爵;迎仙漢帝,宮中高插九光燈,。 儒對(duì)士,,佛對(duì)僧,面友對(duì)心朋,。春殘對(duì)夏老,,夜寢對(duì)晨興。千里馬,,九霄鵬,,霞蔚對(duì)云蒸。寒堆陰嶺雪,,春泮水池冰,。亞父憤生撞玉斗,周公誓死作金滕,。將軍元暉,,莫怪人譏為餓虎;侍中盧昶,難逃世號(hào)作饑鷹,。 規(guī)對(duì)矩,,墨對(duì)繩,獨(dú)步時(shí)同登,。吟哦對(duì)諷詠,,訪友對(duì)尋僧。風(fēng)繞屋,,水襄陵,,紫鵠對(duì)蒼鷹。鳥(niǎo)寒驚夜月,,魚(yú)暖上春冰,。揚(yáng)子口中飛白鳳,何郎鼻上集青蠅,。巨鯉躍池,,翻幾重之密藻;顛猿飲澗,,掛百尺之垂藤。 十一 尤 榮對(duì)辱,,喜對(duì)憂,夜宴對(duì)春游,。燕關(guān)對(duì)楚水,,蜀犬對(duì)吳牛。茶敵睡,,酒消愁,,青眼對(duì)白頭。馬遷修史記,,孔子作春秋,。適興子猷常泛棹,思?xì)w王粲強(qiáng)登樓,。窗下佳人,,妝罷重將金插鬢;筵前舞妓,曲終還要錦纏頭,。 唇對(duì)齒,,角對(duì)頭,策馬對(duì)騎牛,。毫尖對(duì)筆底,,綺閣對(duì)雕鏤。楊柳岸,,荻蘆洲,,語(yǔ)燕對(duì)啼鳩??统私鸾j(luò)馬,,人泛木蘭舟。綠野耕夫春舉耜,,碧池漁父晚垂鉤,。波浪千層,喜見(jiàn)蛟龍得水;云霄萬(wàn)里,,驚看雕鶚橫秋,。 庵對(duì)寺,殿對(duì)樓,,酒艇對(duì)漁舟,。金龍對(duì)彩鳳,豮豕對(duì)童牛,。王郎帽,,蘇子裘,,四季對(duì)三秋。峰巒扶地秀,,江漢接天流,。一灣綠水漁村小,萬(wàn)里青山佛寺幽,。龍馬呈河,,羲皇闡微而畫(huà)卦;神龜出洛,禹王取法以陳疇,。 十二 侵 眉對(duì)目,,口對(duì)心,錦瑟對(duì)瑤琴,。曉耕對(duì)寒釣,,晚笛對(duì)秋砧。松郁郁,,竹森森,,閔損對(duì)曾參。秦王親擊缶,,虞帝自揮琴,。三獻(xiàn)卞和嘗泣玉,四知楊震固辭金,。寂寂秋朝,,庭葉因霜摧嫩色;沉沉春夜,砌花隨月轉(zhuǎn)清陰,。 前對(duì)后,,古對(duì)今,野獸對(duì)山禽,。犍牛對(duì)牝馬,,水淺對(duì)山深。曾點(diǎn)瑟,,戴逵琴,,璞玉對(duì)渾金。艷紅花弄色,,濃綠柳敷陰,。不雨湯王方剪爪,有風(fēng)楚子正披襟,。書(shū)生惜壯歲韶華,,寸陰尺璧,游子愛(ài)良宵光景,,一刻千金,。 絲對(duì)竹,,劍對(duì)琴,素志對(duì)丹心,。千愁對(duì)一醉,,虎嘯對(duì)龍吟。子罕玉,,不疑金,,往古對(duì)來(lái)今。天寒鄒吹律,,歲旱傅為霖。渠說(shuō)子規(guī)為帝魄,,儂知孔雀是家禽,。屈子沉江,處處舟中爭(zhēng)系粽;牛郎渡渚,,家家臺(tái)上競(jìng)穿針,。 十三 覃 千對(duì)百,兩對(duì)三,,地北對(duì)天南,。佛堂對(duì)仙洞,道院對(duì)禪庵,。山潑黛,。水浮藍(lán),雪嶺對(duì)云潭,。鳳飛方翙翙,,虎視已眈眈。窗下書(shū)生時(shí)諷詠,,筵前酒客日耽酣,。白草滿郊,秋日牧征人之馬;綠桑盈畝,,春時(shí)供農(nóng)婦之蠶,。 將對(duì)欲,可對(duì)堪,,德被對(duì)恩覃,。權(quán)衡對(duì)尺度,雪寺對(duì)云庵,。安邑棗,,洞庭柑,不愧對(duì)無(wú)慚,。魏征能直諫,,王衍善清談,。紫梨摘去從山北,丹荔傳來(lái)自海南,。攘雞非君子所為,,但當(dāng)月一;養(yǎng)狙是山公之智,,止用朝三,。 中對(duì)外,,北對(duì)南,,貝母對(duì)宜男。移山對(duì)浚井,,諫苦對(duì)言甘,。千取百,,二為三,,魏尚對(duì)周堪,。海門(mén)翻夕浪,,山市擁晴嵐。新締直投公子纻,,舊交猶脫館人驂。文在淹通,,已詠冰兮寒過(guò)水;永和博雅,,可知青者勝于藍(lán),。 十四 鹽 悲對(duì)樂(lè),,愛(ài)對(duì)嫌,,玉兔對(duì)銀蟾,。醉侯對(duì)詩(shī)史,,眼底對(duì)眉尖。風(fēng)飁飁,,雨綿綿,,李苦對(duì)瓜甜,。畫(huà)堂施錦帳,酒市舞青簾,。橫槊賦詩(shī)傳孟德,,引壺酌酒尚陶潛。兩曜迭明,,日東生而月西出;五行式序,水下潤(rùn)而火上炎,。 如對(duì)似,減對(duì)添,,繡幕對(duì)朱簾,。探珠對(duì)獻(xiàn)玉,鷺立對(duì)魚(yú)潛,。玉屑飯,,水晶鹽,,手劍對(duì)腰鐮,。燕巢依邃閣,,蛛網(wǎng)掛虛檐,。奪槊至三唐敬德,,欒棋第一晉王恬。南浦客歸,,湛湛春波千頃凈;西樓人悄,,彎彎夜月一鉤纖。 逢對(duì)遇,,仰對(duì)瞻,,市井對(duì)閭閻。投簪對(duì)結(jié)綬,握發(fā)對(duì)掀髯,。張繡幕,,卷珠簾,石碏對(duì)江淹,。宵征方肅肅,,夜飲已厭厭。心褊小人長(zhǎng)戚戚,,禮多君子屢謙謙,。美刺殊文,備三百五篇詩(shī)詠;吉兇異畫(huà),,變六十四卦爻占,。 十五 咸 清對(duì)濁,苦對(duì)咸,,一啟對(duì)三緘,。煙蓑?qū)τ牦遥掳駥?duì)風(fēng)帆,。鶯睍睆,,燕呢喃,柳杞對(duì)松杉,。情深悲素扇,,淚痛濕青衫。漢室既能分四姓,,周朝何用叛三監(jiān),。破的而探牛心,豪矜王濟(jì);豎竿以掛犢鼻,,貧笑阮咸,。 能對(duì)否,圣對(duì)賢,,衛(wèi)瓘對(duì)渾瑊,。雀羅對(duì)魚(yú)網(wǎng),翠巘對(duì)蒼崖,。紅羅帳,,白布衫,筆格對(duì)書(shū)函,。蕊香蜂競(jìng)采,,泥軟燕爭(zhēng)銜。兇孽誓清聞祖逖,,王家能乂有巫咸,。溪叟新居,,漁舍清幽臨水岸;山僧久隱,梵宮寂寞倚云巖,。 冠對(duì)帶,,帽對(duì)衫,議鯁對(duì)言讒,。行舟對(duì)御馬,,俗弊對(duì)民巖。鼠且碩,,兔多毚,,史冊(cè)對(duì)書(shū)緘。塞城聞奏角,,江浦認(rèn)歸帆,。河水一源形彌彌,泰山萬(wàn)仞勢(shì)巖巖,。鄭為武公,,賦緇衣而美德;周因巷伯,歌貝錦以傷讒,。 |
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