in order that 為了;以便       so that以便;為了

  so 以便                       that 以便

  in case以防;以免              for fear以防;唯恐

  lest 免得,，以防  

  從句中一般含有can, could, may, might, will, would    等情態(tài)動詞,。

(1)Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 

   講清楚些，以便他們能理解你,。

I hired a boat so that I could go fishing. 

我租了一條船去釣魚,。

(2)She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them.

 她把信都燒了，這樣一來她丈夫就永遠看不到了,。

注意：so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句與引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時的意思不一樣,。

(3)He studied hard in order that he could pass the

   exam. 他努力學(xué)習(xí)以便能考試及格。

(4)Shut the window for fear that it may rain. 

   把窗子關(guān)上以防下雨,。

Take your coat in case it rains (should rain). 

帶著雨衣以防下雨,。

It may rain—you’d better take an umbrella (just) in case it does. 可能會下雨你,，最好帶把傘,，以防萬一。注意：in case引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句與引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時的意思不一樣。

(5) He left early in order that he should / would

  / might arrive on time. 他早早動身好按時到達,。

【注】 

1.目的狀語從句與狀語短語轉(zhuǎn)換

為了簡潔起見，當目的狀語從句的主語與主句的主語相同時,，目的狀語從句有時可用表目的的不定式短語替換：

He got up early so that he could catch the early bus. / He got up early so as to catch the early bus. 他起床很早以便趕上早班車。

He came in quietly in order that he shouldn’t wake his wife. / He came in quietly in order not to wake his wife. 他輕輕進來,，以免把他妻子吵醒,。

有時還可與表示目的的介詞短語替換 

He left an hour early for fear he might miss the train. / He left an hour early for fear of missing the train. 他提前一小時離開,，以免錯過火車。

in order that有時可與 in order to 轉(zhuǎn)換,。如：

He is working hard in order to pass the 

examination. 

＝He is working hard in order that he can pass 

the examination. 

 為了考試及格，他正在努力學(xué)習(xí),。

2.so that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時有時可省略so而只用

    that，有時也可只用so：

(1)Bring it closer that I might see it better.

   拿近些,，使我能看得清楚些,。

(2)I’ll show you so you can see how it’s done. 

   我將做給你看,，以便你知道應(yīng)怎樣干,。

(3)Check carefully, so any mistake will be caught. 

   仔細檢查,，以便任何錯誤都可檢查出,。

3.in case既可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,，也可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,，主要視句意而定：

In case he comes, let me know. 如果他來,，告訴我一聲。

Tell me in case you get into difficulty. 遇到困難請告訴我,。

【注】in case引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,，從句有時可用“should+動詞原形”這樣的形式：

Let’s take the front seats that we may see more clearly. 咱們坐前排,，以便看得清楚點,。

I left at 6:00 so that/in order that I could catch the train. 為了趕上火車，我六點就出門了,。

I shall write down your telephone number that I may not forget. 我要把你的電話號碼寫下,，以免忘了,。

Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你要講得清楚,，他們才聽得懂,。

Take the raincoat in case it rains. 帶著雨衣, 以防下雨,。

Be careful lest you fall from that tree. 要當心, 以免從樹上摔下來。

He walked fast for fear that he should be late. 他走得很快，以免遲到,。

She dresses like that so that everyone will notice her. 她那樣穿戴是為了引起人們的注意,。

I have given him a key so that he can get into the house whenever he likes. 我給了他一把鑰匙,，以便他隨時能進來,。

So that I shouldn’t worry, he phoned me on arrival. 為了不讓我擔(dān)心，他一到就給我打了電話。

They risk their lives in order that we may live more safely. 他們冒了生死危險使我們生活得更安全,。

注：當從句主語與主句主語相同時，可用不定式來表達相同的意思,。如：

譯：為了通過考試,，他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力,。

正：He studies very hard so that(=in order that) he can pass the exam.

正：He studies very hard so as to (=in order to) pass the exam.