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英語目的狀語從句的用法大全

 新概念英語教學 2020-11-17

時間:英語時間狀語從句的用法大全

地點:英語地點狀語從句的用法大全

今天我們接著來分享目的狀語從句

一、定義

顧名思義,,在句子中充當目的狀語的句子,,就叫目的狀語從句,主要用來補充說明主句中謂語動詞發(fā)生的目的,。如:

  • He got up early so as to catch the first morning bus.

  • He got up early so that he could catch the first morning bus.

第一句中的短語so as to catch the first morning bus,,是用來補充說明got up early的目的狀語。

第二句中的句子he could catch the first morning bus,,是用來補充說明got up early的目的狀語從句,。

二、連接詞

英語中常用來連接目的狀語從句的連接詞及其短語主要有:

  • so that

  • in order that

  • for fear that

  • lest

  • in case

目的狀語從句的謂語中常含有may,、might,、can、could,、should,、will、would等情態(tài)動詞,。

下面我們就來看看上面的這些連接詞及其短語的用法,。

(一)so that

so that表示“為了;以便”,。如:

  • We turned on the light so that we might see what it was. (我們把燈打開,,以便看看它是什么。)

  • They put a screen around his bed so that the doctor could examine him. (他們在他床的四周放上屏風,,以便醫(yī)生給他檢查,。)

【注意】

1、so that有時可以省略so,,直接用that連接,。如:

  • Bring it closer (so) that I may see it better. (把它拿近點兒,讓我看看仔細,。)

2,、當主從句的主語一致時,so that引導的狀語從句可以改為短語結(jié)構(gòu)so as to do,。如:

  • 從句:We made a strategic withdrawal, so that we could build up our forces for a renewed attack. (我們作了一次戰(zhàn)略性退卻,,以便我們能積蓄力量再次進攻。)

  • 短語:We made a strategic withdrawal, so as to build up our forces for a renewed attack.

3,、so that也可以表示結(jié)果,,意思為“因此;所以”,。此時,其從句的謂語動詞中一般不使用情態(tài)動詞。如:

  • Everyone lent a hand, so that the sowing was done in time. (每個人都幫了忙,,所以播種才得以及時完成,。)

  • I took no notice of him, so that he flew into a rage. (我沒注意到他,他因此勃然大怒,。)

4,、注意so that與so...that的區(qū)別。如:

  • 結(jié)果狀語從句:He stayed up so late last night that he couldn't get up early this morning. (他做完熬夜太晚,,以至于今早無法這么早起床了,。)

  • 目的狀語從句:He went to bed very early last night so that he could get up early this morning. (他做完很早就睡了,以便今早能夠早起,。)

(二)in order that

in order that表示“為了,;以便”。如:

  • I am saving money in order that I can buy a house. (我正在攢錢,,以便我能買一所房子,。)

  • In order that we might get there on time, we should set out early. (為了及時趕到那里,我們應該早些出發(fā),。)

【注意】

當主從句的主語一致時,,in order that連接的從句可以改為短語結(jié)構(gòu)in order to do。如:

  • I came in order that I could see Jack. (我來,,是為了能見到杰克,。)

  • I came in order to see Jack.

(三)for fear that

for fear that表示“以免; 唯恐”,。此時,,其從句中的謂語動詞如果采用的情態(tài)動詞是should時,should可以省略,。如:

  • He told us to keep quiet for fear that we might disturb others. (他讓我們保持安靜,,以免打擾別人。)

  • We hurried along for fear that we (should) be late. (我們趕著往前走,,唯恐會遲到,。)

【注意】

1、當主從句的主語一致時,,for fear that的從句結(jié)構(gòu)可以改為for fear of的短語結(jié)構(gòu),。如:

  • 從句:We spoke quietly for fear that we should wake the guards. (我們悄悄說話,以免驚醒警衛(wèi),。)

  • 短語:We spoke quietly for fear of waking the guards.

2,、當主從句的主語不一致時,for fear that的從句結(jié)構(gòu)也可以改為短語結(jié)構(gòu),。如:

She took up the meter with care for fear that it (should) be damaged. (她小心拿起量表,,以免它受到損害,。)

She took up the meter with care for fear of its being damaged.

(四)lest

lest表示“惟恐;以免”,。此時,,其引導的從句的謂語動詞中使用的情態(tài)動詞一般都是should,should可以省略,,這也是虛擬語氣的一種,。如:

  • They spoke in whispers lest they (should) be heard. (他們低聲說話,唯恐被別人聽見,。)

  • He took a flashlight lest it (should) get dark before he returned. (為了預防回來以前天就黑了,,所以他帶著手電筒。)

【注意】

lest一般只用于書面語中,。如:

  • She drew in her breath lest he should hear it now. ——M. Sinclair

她吸了口氣,,唯恐他現(xiàn)在聽見了。

(五)in case

in case表示“萬一,;以防”,。此時,其引導的從句的謂語動詞一般都會采用情態(tài)動詞should,,should可以省略,,這是虛擬語氣的一種。如:

  • They watched him closely in case he (should) escape. (他們嚴密監(jiān)視他,,惟恐他會逃脫,。)

  • I stopped suddenly in case he (should) think that I was showing off. (我突然停住,唯恐他會認為我是在炫耀,。)

【注意】

1,、in case引導的從句中的謂語動詞也有可能用其他情態(tài)動詞。如:

  • I'll sit up for a time, in case I may be wanted. (我先不睡,,說不定會通知得著我,。)

2、當in case表示“如果,;假如”時,,其引導的從句不再使用虛擬語氣,也大多不再使用情態(tài)動詞,。如:

  • In case she comes back, let me know immediately. (假使她回來了,立刻告訴我,。)

  • I keep a warm coat at work in case it suddenly turns cold. (上班時我總帶件溫暖的上衣,以防天氣突然變冷,。)

3,、注意in case of的用法,表示“假如,;如果發(fā)生”,。如:

  • In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. (如遇失火,,請按警鈴。)

  • We have an auxiliary generator in case of power cuts. (我們有一臺萬一斷電時使用的備用發(fā)電機,。)

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