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大熱的STEAM課程究竟好在哪兒?

 豬豬瞎折騰 2018-12-17

        2006年,,時任美國總統(tǒng)小布什公布《美國競爭力計劃》(American Competitiveness Initiative/ACI),明確提出培養(yǎng)具有STEM素養(yǎng)的人才是教育的目標(biāo)之一,,也是全球競爭力的關(guān)鍵,。近幾年來,美國白宮又先后出臺了《STEM人才培育國家整合策略》,、《2015年STEM教育法案》,。此后,已有80多個國家先后提出了本國的STEM教育政策,,全球已經(jīng)進(jìn)入一個“STEM人才”大展身手的時代,。


In 2006, US President George W. Bush announced the “American Competitiveness Initiative” (ACI), which proposed cultivating talents with STEM literacy was one of the goals of education and also the key to global competitiveness. In recent years, the White House has also introduced the 'National integration strategy of STEM talents cultivation', '2015 STEM Education Act'. Since then, more than 80 countries have put forward their own STEM education policy, the world has entered a 'STEM talents' time.

6月12日,萬科雙語學(xué)校召開了一場以“跨越學(xué)科界限,,整合學(xué)科素養(yǎng)”為主題的STEAM課程研討會,。多位教育部門領(lǐng)導(dǎo)以及各學(xué)校教師代表們出席本次研討會,并就STEAM課程的理念和實施展開了積極討論,。精彩紛呈的教學(xué)研討及課程演示受到了各位來賓的一致肯定。


June 12, Vanke bilingual school held a STEAM course seminar named 'Across the boundaries of disciplines, integrate all the attainments'. A number of education department leaders and school teacher representatives attended the seminar, and launched a positive discussion on the concept and implementation of STEAM courses. The splendid teaching seminar and presentations were unanimously endorsed by all the guests.


何為STEAM


 STEAM是一種教育理念,,有別于傳統(tǒng)的單學(xué)科,、重書本知識的教育方式,STEAM是一種重實踐的超學(xué)科教育概念,。它最早由美國政府提出,,前身是STEM理念,近期加入Arts(藝術(shù)),,成為更全面的跨學(xué)科教育理念:


STEAM is an educational philosophy, different from the traditional single discipline, re-book knowledge of the education, STEAM is a re-practice of ultra-disciplinary education concept. It was first proposed by the US government, the predecessor of the STEM concept, recently joined Arts (art), to become a more comprehensive interdisciplinary educational philosophy:

1

科學(xué)(Science)

2

技術(shù)(Technology)

3

工程(Engineering)

4

藝術(shù)(Arts)

5

數(shù)學(xué)(Mathematics)



 培養(yǎng)適應(yīng)未來的STEAM人才

萬科雙語學(xué)校校長陳舒女士首先致歡迎辭,,她認(rèn)為眼下大熱的STEAM課程能夠激發(fā)學(xué)生的無限潛能,,培養(yǎng)孩子:

全面平衡的個性

終生學(xué)習(xí)的能力

創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)跑的精神

健康豐盛的人生


Principal Chen dilivered a welcome speech, in her opinion, STEAM courses could inspire ulimited potential of our students, we aim to cultivate children with:

Well-balanced personality

Lifelong learning ability

Innovative leadship

Sound and fruitful life


“萬科雙語學(xué)校的前身是復(fù)旦萬科實驗學(xué)校‘雙語C班’,。經(jīng)過近十年的探索,,學(xué)校秉承融合中西教育精髓的教育理念,激發(fā)無限潛能的教育宗旨,,對原雙語C班課程進(jìn)行全面修整和提升,,形成獨創(chuàng)的課程體系, 新開設(shè)了旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生批判性思維和創(chuàng)造能力的STEAM課程,。如此培養(yǎng)出的學(xué)生既具有良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣,,又具備多元化思維能力?!?/p>


'Vanke bilingual school is the predecessor of 'Bilingual C class' in Fudan Vanke Experimental School. After nearly a decade of exploration, with the integration of east and west educational philosophy, we aim to inspire the unlimited potential, we upgrade the original bilingual C class courses for a comprehensive dressing, and form our unique curriculum system, we also set up the STEAM courses to cultivate students' critical thinking and creative ability. So that our students have not only good learning habits, but also with a wide range of thinking ability.


從K12學(xué)段學(xué)校實施層面來看,,STEAM的踐行離不開課程這個概念,STEAM在基礎(chǔ)類課程板塊涉及到數(shù)學(xué),、科學(xué)(理化生等),、技術(shù)(通用技術(shù)、信息技術(shù)),、藝術(shù)(語言,、音樂、美術(shù))等幾大領(lǐng)域的核心課程,,還包含了各類豐富的相關(guān)選修課程,。


The implementation of STEAM is inseparable from the concept of curriculum. STEAM is involved in mathematics, science (science and technology), technology (general technology, information technology), arts (language, music, art) and other major areas of the core courses, but also contains a variety of rich related elective courses.


而后,萬科雙語學(xué)校副校長周琳發(fā)表了題為《從明日科技發(fā)展看學(xué)校STEAM課程發(fā)展》的主題演講,。


And then, VKBS Chinese Principal Ms.Zhou gave a speech about how to look upon the development of STEAM education.

周琳校長從近期剛剛結(jié)束的熱點話題高考切入,,分享了一則新聞——智能教育機(jī)器人“參與考試”,得分與高考狀元組僅相差一分,。傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)的消失,、新興行業(yè)的生發(fā)、智能機(jī)器人的沖擊......這些都不禁讓我們思考:隨著科技不斷發(fā)展,,越來越多的傳統(tǒng)工作將被機(jī)器取代,。在未來世界中,人類還有多少優(yōu)勢,?作為教育工作者的我們,,為培養(yǎng)適應(yīng)未來社會需求的人才,應(yīng)當(dāng)如何做教育,。  


Ms.Zhou shared with us news about how smart education robot took part in college entrance examination and the score gap was only one point. These made us think about how much advantage human beings still have in the future world. As educators, we need to think how education will develop in accordance with future’s talent requirement.


按現(xiàn)在人工智能進(jìn)化的速度,,科學(xué)界的共識是50%的工作十幾年后都將不復(fù)存在。怎樣的人才能夠面臨新興行業(yè)的沖擊,,在全球化環(huán)境中自如地進(jìn)行合作和創(chuàng)新,?


According to the speed of evolution of artificial intelligence, 50% of the work will be no longer exist after ten years, this is the consensus of the scientific community. What kind of talent can face the impact of emerging industries, and make cooperation and innovation freely in a global environment?


周校長總結(jié):21世紀(jì),,我們需要的人才應(yīng)該具備:

Ms.Zhou concluded: For talents of 21st century, they need to have the qualities as below: 


終身學(xué)習(xí)的能力;

多技能可跨界的處事能力,;

兼具感性與理性的思維能力,;

獨具創(chuàng)新的思維能力;

多維度的深度思考能力,。

Lifelong learning ability

perceptual and rational thinking ability

multi interpersonal skills

innovative thinking skills 

multi-dimension deep thinking ability



為適應(yīng)不斷變化的時代,,萬科雙語的課程設(shè)置也改變了傳統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)教育唯分?jǐn)?shù)理論,設(shè)置了適應(yīng)我校學(xué)生的特色STEAM課程:


VKBS also changed the traditional score-centered education theory and set up the STEAM curriculum that is suitable for our students:

1

項目研究課程

每學(xué)期有1個大項目和1-2個小項目,,讓學(xué)生經(jīng)過調(diào)研,,設(shè)計和主題相關(guān)的產(chǎn)品并且進(jìn)行測試。

Project Research Curriculum

We set one big and 1 or 2 small projects in each semester for students to design related products and test them.

2

模塊式日常課堂

不是單純的學(xué)科教學(xué),,而是知識的理解與應(yīng)用,,并且讓每個學(xué)生進(jìn)行參與。

Module curriculum

It is not regular teaching but let all students to take part in.

3

每年一次科學(xué)周

涵蓋學(xué)生實驗發(fā)明,、三天的全年齡段活動,、項目匯報會等。

Annual Science week

Including students inventions, three days of full-time activities, project briefings, science fair and so on.

4

跨學(xué)科的STEAM合作

各年級參與不同課程合作,,如:5年級,,語文與STEAM:琥珀的形成與化石研究,琥珀原石的物理特性以及仿自然環(huán)境的天然打磨與首飾制作,。

Interdisciplinary STEAM cooperation

All grades cooperate with different curriculums. For example, Grade 5: STEAM combined with Chinese to research on the formation of amber and the study of fossils.


STEAM課程教學(xué)演示

隨后,,我們的科學(xué)老師--陳琰彥帶領(lǐng)七、八年級的學(xué)生在STEAM空間展示了各組的作品展示,。本次作品設(shè)計結(jié)合了萬科雙語學(xué)?!?C”、“5R”理念中的尊重生命(Respect),、關(guān)愛老人(Caring),、承擔(dān)責(zé)任(Responsible)、創(chuàng)意無限(Creative),。主要分為“活動的地球”課程中的抗震建筑設(shè)計,,以及“人體系統(tǒng)”課程中的助老設(shè)施設(shè)計


Then, Ms. Chen Yanyan took G7 and G8 students to show all the guests about their own project. The project design also combined with 5C and 5R theories, respect life, to care for the old, to be responsible and to be creative. They showed us the conceptual earthquake-resistant design and the facilities design of the old people in the course of human body system. 


抗震建筑設(shè)計


怎么樣的房子才能在當(dāng)?shù)氐牡卣鹬凶畲蟪潭鹊匾倭⒉坏??這是萬科雙語學(xué)校七年級的孩子接到的問題,。


What kind of house could survive in the local earthquake? This is the question which Grade 7 students received.


在幾周時間內(nèi),孩子們自行搜集資料,、了解板塊理論、地震形成的原理,。5個小組分別調(diào)研中國,、美國,、意大利、智利,、日本的板塊組成,,分析當(dāng)?shù)氐慕ㄖ攸c,設(shè)計圖紙,、搭建模型,、二次調(diào)試,并制作最終的展板和PPT,。學(xué)生們經(jīng)過分組調(diào)研,、設(shè)計模型、反思改進(jìn),、最終測試等步驟才完整了這次設(shè)計成品,,在過程中不禁獲得了團(tuán)隊合作精神,也學(xué)到了工程學(xué)的設(shè)計過程,。


In a few weeks, the students collected information, studied the plate theory, the principle of earthquake formation by themselves. 5 groups did researches on plate composition of China, the United States, Italy, Chile, Japan, and analyzed the local architectural features, designed drawings, built models, the second commissioning, and made the final display panels and PPT. In the process students can not only get the spirit of teamwork, but also learned the engineering design process.

現(xiàn)場五組學(xué)生的作品,,全部經(jīng)受住了抗震測試


所有來賓都沉浸在學(xué)生們的無限創(chuàng)意中,更為學(xué)生們在闡述設(shè)計理念時表現(xiàn)出來的滿滿自信所驚嘆,,不少人說:要不是孩子們在說中文,,我都要懷疑我是否在外國呢!

All the guests were attracted and fascinated by students’ creativities and their confidence. They even thought they were at abroad!

學(xué)生正在介紹各地區(qū)的地形以及引起地震的原因

每組成員分別展示各組的抗震設(shè)計


銀發(fā)人生設(shè)計


在隔壁的教室里,,八年級的同學(xué)正向大家展示自己設(shè)計的助老設(shè)施,。

In the classroom next door, students from Grade 8 were showing you the  facilities design for the old people.



學(xué)生們在熟悉人體肌肉與骨骼系統(tǒng)的工作原理之后探究各大系統(tǒng)的功能及疾病特點,分成4個小組就常見的老年疾病的比率進(jìn)行調(diào)研,,并設(shè)計老年輔助性設(shè)施,。


After known the working principle of the human muscle and skeletal system, students started to explore the functional and disease characteristics of the major systems, they were divided into four groups to do their researches on the common rate of elderly diseases, and design of elderly auxiliary facilities.

展板上寫著組員進(jìn)行的背景調(diào)查和設(shè)計依據(jù),有數(shù)據(jù)有歸納有推論,,條理清晰有模有樣,。展板之外還有學(xué)生們設(shè)計的實物模型。當(dāng)有家長對他們的作品感興趣,,就坐在作品前的椅子上,,聽同學(xué)們將自己的想法娓娓道來,并進(jìn)行對問題的深入探討,。


The background research and design basis were showed on the panels, includes datas, inductions. and conclutions. There were also physical models designed by students outside the panel. When our guests were interested, they sit in front of project, listening to the students his own thoughts, and discussed deeply.


如何在教學(xué)中實踐STEAM理念

在簡單的茶歇后,,與會嘉賓們再次來到了小劇場進(jìn)行關(guān)于“如何在學(xué)校教學(xué)中實踐STEAM課程理念”的圓桌論壇。課程專家,、陳舒校長,、陳琰彥老師和學(xué)科代表們作為答疑方,受邀的教師代表們則作為提問方,提出了很多在實踐STEAM課程過程中遇到的困難及問題,。


After a simple tea break, attendants came to the theater again to hold a round-table forum about how to carry out STEAM curriculum theory in school’s education. The course experts, Principal Chen, Ms. Chen Yanyan, student representatives act as the answering party, and the invited teachers as the ones to ask questions and put forward many difficulties they encountered when practicing the STEAM curriculum. We studied, discussed together and would make progress together.

作為大多數(shù)來自公辦學(xué)校的教師,,最大的疑惑便是如何把控課時長短,及如何考評,。


As most of the teachers come from public schools, their biggest doubt was about how to control the lesson period and how to evaluate. 


陳琰彥老師說:“課程時間可長,、可短。注重團(tuán)隊為單位的分配到不同個人的權(quán)重化評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),?!闭n時安排可以以項目為單位,項目的長短可以由老師把控,,老師應(yīng)該作為導(dǎo)師“呵護(hù)”每一個學(xué)生的創(chuàng)意,,給予引導(dǎo)而非教導(dǎo);對于學(xué)生的評分不應(yīng)只為每一個學(xué)生個體打分,,應(yīng)該突出個人在團(tuán)隊里的貢獻(xiàn),,像這樣具有可實踐化的意見,讓在座的老師們都受益良多,。


Ms. Chen Yanyan said it could be long or short. The lesson period could be arranged according to the project unit and controlled by the teacher. The teacher should also care about each every student and give guidance to students not teaching them how to do it. Evaluation should not just on each every student but on how much effort has been made among the group. Such kind of suggestions really benefited a lot of teachers. 


最后,,上海市史坦默國際科學(xué)教育研究中心主任,王懋功先生發(fā)言說到:是否能夠做好STEAM教育取決于決心,,取決于理念是否正確,;而上海市閔行區(qū)教育學(xué)院副院長,金惠頻女士則表示對于STEAM教育的未來前景一片大好,,因為從萬科雙語學(xué)校的學(xué)生真摯的眼神里看出他們對STEAM課程的喜愛,,并自發(fā)地發(fā)展到了課余生活中,這必會成為STEAM教育進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的最大動力,。


At last, Mr. Wang, the director of STEM+ Research Center said: Whether we could carry out STEAM education well depends on whether the concept of teaching is right. Ms. Jin from the Education College of Minhang District said STEAM curriculum would have a great future because she saw students’ passion for STEAM in their eyes and STEAM has gone into their extra-curriculum life. That would be the greatest motivation for STEAM education.


正如周琳校長所說,,“未來,通過STEAM課程,,跨學(xué)科思維方式將成為學(xué)生們?nèi)粘I顚W(xué)習(xí)的基本思維方式,,學(xué)生利用多種學(xué)習(xí)工具進(jìn)行學(xué)科知識學(xué)習(xí),探究跨學(xué)科問題將成為常態(tài),?!?/p>


As Ms. Zhou said, in the future, interdisciplinary thinking would be students’ basic thinking style in regular life and students need to learn subject knowledge with multi-learning tool and make interdisciplinary issues into ordinary state.



構(gòu)建全新的教育生態(tài),需要學(xué)生與老師的關(guān)系重建,,需要家長與學(xué)校的密切配合,。本次STEAM學(xué)術(shù)研討會成功落下帷幕,明年STEAM研討會將結(jié)合雙語學(xué)校一年一度的科學(xué)周一同開展,,讓我們拭目以待,!


To build a new educational ecology, we need the reconstruction of the relationship between students and teachers, parents and schools need to work closely together. This STEAM seminar was a big success, next year, it will be combined with VKBS annual science fair. We are sure that is going to be a more fascinating event. Let's look forward to it!

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