英語口語語法和書面語法不大一樣,,是學(xué)習(xí)者容易忽視和感到困惑的地方,。一起來看看下面五個(gè)語法要點(diǎn)吧。 1 口語中的句子結(jié)構(gòu) It's difficult, the exam. 非正式口語中的語法在某些方面與書面語法不同,。 句子通常不那么復(fù)雜,,使用的連詞種類更少,也更簡(jiǎn)單,。
正式的書面語: While the hotel was of quite a high standard, the food was disappointing. 非正式的口語: The hotel was quite good, but the food was disappointing.
信息經(jīng)??梢?strong>分開,以一條一條的形式呈現(xiàn)——句子并非總是遵循主語—謂語—賓語的語序,。 The woman across the road, her brother, well, I was talking to him, and he said… They work very hard, the students. 2 省略句子開頭 Must dash. 在非正式口語中,,經(jīng)常省略非重讀的句子開頭。 省略的主要是冠詞,、物主代詞,、人稱代詞、助動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞,、指示詞和引導(dǎo)性的there is句型,。 Car’s running badly. (=The car’s…) Shoelace is undone. (=My shoelace…) Forgotten the umbrella again. (=He’s forgotten…) You talking to me? (=Are you talking…?) She ready? (=Is she ready?) Must dash. (=I must dash.) Won’t work. (=It won’t work) Be four pounds fifty. (=That’ll be…) No reason to panic. (= There’s no reason…) 3 省略助動(dòng)詞后的詞語 'Get up!' 'I am!' 在非正式口語中,經(jīng)常只用助動(dòng)詞,,而不重復(fù)較長(zhǎng)的表達(dá),。 —Get up! —I am. (=I am getting up.) He said he’d write to me, but he hasn’t. (=…h(huán)e hasn’t written to me.) —Talk louder. —I would if I could, but I can’t. 如果沒有可重復(fù)的助動(dòng)詞,則用 do,。 She said she would phone, and she did. 4 附加疑問句 It's cold, isn't it? 在口語或非正式書面語中,,附加疑問句(question tag)常用于句尾,用于確認(rèn)某事是否屬實(shí),,或征求對(duì)方同意,。 You haven’t seen Joe, have you? This tea isn’t very nice, is it? 否定的附加疑問句通常用縮寫形式,如 isn’t it(通常不說 is it not?),。 在附加疑問句中,,am I not 的縮寫形式是 aren’t I。
Nice day, isn’t it? I’m late, aren’t I? 5 答語疑問句 Did you? 答語疑問句(reply question)的構(gòu)成為助動(dòng)詞+代詞(與附加疑問句類似),,表達(dá)關(guān)注,、興趣或驚奇。
—We had a lovely holiday. —Did you? —Yes, we went… —John likes that girl next door. —Oh, does he? —It was a terrible party. —Was it? —Yes,… 用否定的答語疑問句來回答肯定句,,表示加強(qiáng)贊同的語氣,。 —It was a lovely concert. —Yes, wasn’t it! I did enjoy it. —She’s lost a lot of weight. —Yes, hasn’t she? 以上內(nèi)容整理自《牛津英語語法教程》,一套“有聲有色”的語法書。 全彩印刷,,圖文并茂,,編排設(shè)計(jì)獨(dú)具匠心; 配套聽力練習(xí)光盤,,幫助提高聽力和口語,; 英國權(quán)威語法名家精心編寫,從練習(xí)到使用,,助您講好,、寫好英語。 講解簡(jiǎn)明扼要,,便于記憶,; 例證簡(jiǎn)單地道,說明用法,; 語法點(diǎn)生動(dòng)醒目,,另學(xué)習(xí)過程不再枯燥。 語料類型豐富,,語段、文章,、詩歌,、名人名言、漫畫等,; 數(shù)以百計(jì)的專項(xiàng)練習(xí),,幫助理解掌握; 配套牛津大學(xué)的海量英語學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源,; 分初級(jí),、中級(jí)、高級(jí)三個(gè)英語學(xué)習(xí)級(jí)別: 初級(jí):適合初級(jí)英語學(xué)習(xí)者,; 中級(jí):特別針對(duì)中學(xué)生,,尤其高中學(xué)生; 高級(jí):適合大學(xué)生,,尤其是非英語專業(yè)的大學(xué)生,,以及英語程度較好的中學(xué)生。 |
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