語(yǔ)法填空

一,、純空格試題的解題技巧

純空格填空題主要是填冠詞,、介詞、代詞,、連接詞(含從屬連詞和并列連詞)等虛詞,。

首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),，根據(jù)句子所缺成分確定填哪類詞,。然后，根據(jù)句子意思,，確定具

體填什么詞;或根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個(gè)連詞,。共有以下7個(gè)技巧:

技巧1:在簡(jiǎn)單句和并列句中，若句子缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),，一定是填代詞,。

例1:I can’t send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and __1__ gets there almost in a

second.

技巧2:名詞前面，若沒有限定詞(冠詞,、形容詞性物主代詞,、不定代詞等)，很可能是

填限定詞,。

例2:It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to

help___2___ rice crop grow up quickly.

技巧3:名詞或代詞在句中不作主語(yǔ),、表語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，其前面,，一定是填介詞,。

例3:…who should have the honour of receiving me ___3___ a guest in their house.

技巧4: 若兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)之間沒有連詞，可能是填連詞,。

例4:…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso 4 Cabdido Poitinari, which are worth millions of dollars.

技巧5:若兩個(gè)句子(即兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu))之間沒有連詞,，也沒有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，一定是填并列連詞

(連接并列的句子)或從屬連詞(連接定語(yǔ)從句,、名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句),。

例5:The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini ___5 _died in 1926.

例6:He was very tired after doing thus foe a whole day, ___6___he felt very happy.

技巧6: 由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞,。

(1) 由it is … that… 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的形式，判斷it 還是that,。判斷方法:去掉it is … that…結(jié)構(gòu),，句子

還是一個(gè)完整的句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。

(2) 由it 作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)的句式判斷,，空格是否填it.

例7:…and ___7__ was only after I heard she become sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG (味精).

例8:… as ___8__ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two words-famous artists..

例9:Dating sites also makes___9__ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.

(3) 在倒裝句式中通常填only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not…until等詞,。

例10:__10___ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.

(4) so / such …that…句型

例11:This made the goat so jealous ___11___ it began plotting against the donkey.

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(5) more …than…(與其說……不如說……，比……更……)句型,。

例12:Cynthia’s story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares ___12____

how much he pays.

二,、給出了動(dòng)詞的試題解題技巧

首先，判斷要填的動(dòng)詞是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,。然后按照以下兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行思考,。

技巧7:若句子沒有別的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,，但需填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí),，所

給動(dòng)詞就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;若是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài),。

例13:When I die, I 13 (give) everything to you.

例14:That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, 14__(close) my

book and walked away.

例15:In Loganm three people _15_(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.

例16:Being too anxious to help an event develop often 16 (result) the contrary to our intention.

(2008年廣東高考語(yǔ)法填空)

例17:Now, Valentine’s Day is 17 (celebrate) in many countries around the world.

技巧8: 若句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,，又不是并列謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,。若是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就

要確定是v-ing形式,，-ed形式，還是不定式,，確定的方法主要有:

(1) 作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),，通常用v-ing 形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況，用不定式表示具體情況,。

例18:…but it is not enough only _18_(memorize) rules from a grammar book.

19 _(speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary… 例19:

(2) 作目的狀語(yǔ)或在形容詞后作狀語(yǔ),，一般用不定式。

例20:_20_(complete) the project as planed, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.

(3) 作伴隨狀語(yǔ),，通常用分詞，若與邏輯主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,，用現(xiàn)在分詞(v-ing);若是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,，

用過去分詞(-ed)。

例21:He saw the stone, __21_(say) to himself: “the night will be very dark.”

例22:The headmaster went into the lab, _22_(follow) by the foreign guests.

技巧9: 動(dòng)詞的詞類轉(zhuǎn)換主要做主語(yǔ),、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ),。

例23:There are 23 (comfort) feelings often as any kind of physical pain.

例24:They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building 24 (equip) to dig holes

例25:These people have made great _ 25 (contribute) to China with their work.

三、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題的解題技巧

這類題主要是考查名詞,、形容詞和副詞,，根據(jù)該詞在句中所作句子成分確定用那種形式,，具體技

巧有以下三種。

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技巧10: 作表語(yǔ)(在系動(dòng)詞之后),、定語(yǔ)(修飾名詞)或賓補(bǔ)(表性質(zhì)狀態(tài)),，通常用形容詞形

式。

例26:The youngster immediately fell _26_(silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.

例27:Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _27_(interest) in the subject.

技巧11: 修飾動(dòng)詞,、形容詞,、副詞，或整個(gè)句子,，作狀語(yǔ),，用副詞形式。

例28:As I looked _28 (close) at this girl, I found that…

例29: 29 (fortune),the guest escaped unharmed.

技巧12: 有的詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題,，詞類或詞性不一定要變,，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需

要句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系,，在詞根前加un-, im-, in-等,，在詞根后加-less等。

例30: People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _30_(use).

例31:Your mistake caused a lot of _31_(necessary) work in the office.

技巧13: 括號(hào)中所給詞若是形容詞或副詞,，有可能考查其比較級(jí)或最高級(jí),。

例32:The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could… he jumped even _32_(hard) and nearly made himself out.

例33:The _33_(bad) damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said.

例34:…, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 34 (high)

以上僅對(duì)語(yǔ)法填空中的主要情況進(jìn)行了概括，在做語(yǔ)法填空題時(shí),，還應(yīng)注意英語(yǔ)中的固定句型,、

固定搭配等。

語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)

Last Friday Miss Wang gave us a lesson on the history of English. I learned much from it. She said __1__ English was not the language of English until the 5th century when the Germans came. I never expected English has many French words just __2__ a Frenchman William became the king of England __3__ 1066. What’s more, we really couldn’t believe our ears when Miss Wang told __4__ that English has become an

international language __5__ (part) because its grammar is easy! Miss Wang said that other language in Europe have __6__ (difficult) grammar than English.

The lesson of that day was so strange __7__ interesting.

Well, I think it is foolish __8__ us to learn a very difficult language, isn’t it? Once I didn’t like English, but after this lesson, I find I am interested in it. Miss Wang __9__ (promise) that she would tell us more about English the next week. I cannot wait __10__ (have) the coming lesson.

語(yǔ)法填空答題技巧參考答案:

1. it 2. his 3. as 4. and 5. who 6. but 7. it 8. it 9. it 10. Only 11. that 12. than 13.

will give 14. closed 15. were taken 16. results in 17. celebrated 18. to memorize 19. Speaking 20. To complete 21. saying 22. followed 23. uncomfortable 24. equipment 25. contributions 26. silent 27. interested 28. closely 29. Fortunately 30. useless 31. unnecessary 32. harder 33. worse 34. higher

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語(yǔ)法填空參考答案:1. that 2. because 3. in 4. us 5. partly 6. more difficulty 7. but 8. of 9.

promised 10. to have

1. 考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換

近幾年來(lái),詞形轉(zhuǎn)換大多是形容詞變副詞,其他是名詞變形容詞,、動(dòng)詞變名詞,、動(dòng)詞變形容詞。

[例1] He must be 20 (mental) disabled. (2011廣東省高考)

解析:mentally,。副詞mentally用來(lái)修飾后面的形容詞disabled,mentally disabled意為“智障”,。

[例2] His teacher took a deep drink, smiled 34 (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet

water. (2010廣東省高考)

解析:warmly。warmly用來(lái)修飾前面的動(dòng)詞smiled,。

[例3] We drank together and talked 38 (merry) till far into the night. (2007廣東省高考)

解析:merrily,。merrily用來(lái)修飾前面的動(dòng)詞talked。

[例4] One Sunday morning in August I went to a local musical festival. I left it early because I had

an appointment 16 (late) that day.

(2011廣東省高考)

解析:later,。late作副詞時(shí),，意為“遲，晚”,。根據(jù)句子邏輯含義可知句意:那天我早些離開了

(音樂節(jié))是因?yàn)殡S后我有個(gè)約會(huì),。later意為“隨后，后來(lái)”。

[例5] This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 39 (nature) course.

(2008廣東省高考)

解析:natural,。此處填形容詞natural修飾course,。

[例6] But Jane knew from past experience that her 36 (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.

(2009廣東省高考)

解析:choice。此處填名詞choice作賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ),。

[例7] Mary felt 18 (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. (2012廣東省高考)

解析:pleased,。由于主語(yǔ)是人，故此處用pleased,。

[例8] “That would be a very 19 (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small

village like ours,” Nick said.

(2013廣東省高考)

解析:reasonable,。此處填形容詞reasonable修飾thing。

[例9] “But such a small thing couldn’t 23 (possible) destroy a village.” (2013廣東省高考)

解析:possibly,。possibly用來(lái)修飾后面的動(dòng)詞destroy,。

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞2.

這類考查包括對(duì)動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞,、過去分詞的考查,。

(1) 考查現(xiàn)在分詞

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[例1] He spit it out, 37 (say) it was awful. (2010廣東省高考)

解析:saying。由于say這一動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)He發(fā)出的,，故填現(xiàn)在分詞,。saying在句中作伴隨狀

語(yǔ)。

[例2] I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. (2011廣東省高考)

解析:sitting/sit,。根據(jù)固定用法notice sb. do/doing sth.可知,，此處應(yīng)填sitting或者sit。

[例3] He suddenly appeared in class one day, 16 (wear) sun glasses.(2012廣東省高考)

解析:wearing,。wear這一動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)He發(fā)出的,，故此處填現(xiàn)在分詞。wearing在句中作伴

隨狀語(yǔ),。

[例4] “In the beginning, there was only a very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 25 (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.” (2013廣東省高考)

解析:thinking,。think這一動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)everyone發(fā)出的，故此處填現(xiàn)在分詞,，thinking在

句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ),。

(2) 考查過去分詞

[例] While she was getting me 34 (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.(2007廣東省高考)

解析:settled。get sb. settled“把某人安頓好”,。

(3) 考查不定式

[例1] For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. (2008廣東省高考)

解析:to help,。不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。

[例2] She wished that he was as easy 32 (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. (2009廣東省高考)

解析:to please,。主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)+形容詞(difficult, easy, hard, etc.)+動(dòng)詞不定式

(用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義),。

【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】

1. Everything seemed to be going (smooth) for the first two days after I moved to New York.

2. Harry is feeling (comfort). He must have drunk too much at the party last

night.

3. This is by far the most (inspire) movie that I have ever seen.

4. I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time — there are more (meaning) things to do.

5. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high (expect) from others is essential to their development.

6. In the global economy, a new drug for cancer will create many economic

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