C# 將數(shù)據(jù)導出到Excel匯總
http://www.cnblogs.com/sufei/archive/2009/05/23/1487540.html
在這里在下只是總結一下別人的方法，整理的好一點方便大家使用,，呵呵?。,。?/span>
在asp.net中導出Excel有兩種方法,，一種是將導出的文件存放在服務器某個文件夾下面,，然后將文件地址輸出在瀏覽器上；一種是將文件直接將文件輸出流寫給瀏覽器,。在Response輸出時,，t分隔的數(shù)據(jù)，導出Excel時,，等價于分列,，n等價于換行。
1,、將整個html全部輸出Excel
此法將html中所有的內(nèi)容,，如按鈕，表格,，圖片等全部輸出到Excel中,。
Response.Clear();
Response.Buffer= true;
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+".xls");
Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
this.EnableViewState = false; |
這里我們利用了ContentType屬性，它默認的屬性為text/html,，這時將輸出為超文本,，即我們常見的網(wǎng)頁格式到客戶端，如果改為ms-excel將將輸出excel格式,，也就是說以電子表格的格式輸出到客戶端,，這時瀏覽器將提示你下載保存。ContentType的屬性還包括：image/JPEG;text/HTML;image/GIF;vnd.ms-excel/msword ,。同理,，我們也可以輸出(導出)圖片、word文檔等,。下面的方法,，也均用了這個屬性。
2,、將DataGrid控件中的數(shù)據(jù)導出Excel
上述方法雖然實現(xiàn)了導出的功能,，但同時把按鈕、分頁框等html中的所有輸出信息導了進去,。而我們一般要導出的是數(shù)據(jù),，DataGrid控件上的數(shù)據(jù)。
System.Web.UI.Control ctl=this.DataGrid1;
//DataGrid1是你在窗體中拖放的控件
HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls");
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding =System.Text.Encoding.Default;
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType ="application/ms-excel";
ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;
System.IO.StringWriter tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ;
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw);
ctl.RenderControl(hw);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());
HttpContext.Current.Response.End(); |
如果你的DataGrid用了分頁,，它導出的是當前頁的信息,，也就是它導出的是DataGrid中顯示的信息。而不是你select語句的全部信息,。
為方便使用,寫成方法如下：
public void DGToExcel(System.Web.UI.Control ctl)
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls");
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding =System.Text.Encoding.Default;
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType ="application/ms-excel";
ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;
System.IO.StringWriter tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ;
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw);
ctl.RenderControl(hw);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());
HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
} |
用法：DGToExcel(datagrid1);
3,、將DataSet中的數(shù)據(jù)導出Excel
有了上邊的思路,，就是將在導出的信息，輸出（Response）客戶端,，這樣就可以導出了,。那么把DataSet中的數(shù)據(jù)導出，也就是把DataSet中的表中的各行信息,，以ms-excel的格式Response到http流,，這樣就OK了,。說明：參數(shù)ds應為填充有數(shù)據(jù)表的DataSet,，文件名是全名，包括后綴名,，如Excel2006.xls
public void CreateExcel(DataSet ds,string FileName)
{
HttpResponse resp;
resp = Page.Response;
resp.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
resp.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+FileName);
string colHeaders= "", ls_item="";
//定義表對象與行對象,，同時用DataSet對其值進行初始化
DataTable dt=ds.Tables[0];
DataRow[] myRow=dt.Select();//可以類似dt.Select("id>10")之形式達到數(shù)據(jù)篩選目的
int i=0;
int cl=dt.Columns.Count;
//取得數(shù)據(jù)表各列標題，各標題之間以t分割,，最后一個列標題后加回車符
for(i=0;i<cl;i++)
{
if(i==(cl-1))//最后一列,，加n
{
colHeaders +=dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString() +"n";
}
else
{
colHeaders+=dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()+"t";
}
}
resp.Write(colHeaders);
//向HTTP輸出流中寫入取得的數(shù)據(jù)信息
//逐行處理數(shù)據(jù)
foreach(DataRow row in myRow)
{
//當前行數(shù)據(jù)寫入HTTP輸出流，并且置空ls_item以便下行數(shù)據(jù)
for(i=0;i<cl;i++)
{
if(i==(cl-1))//最后一列,，加n
{
ls_item +=row[i].ToString()+"n";
}
else
{
ls_item+=row[i].ToString()+"t";
}
}
resp.Write(ls_item);
ls_item="";
}
resp.End();
} |
4,、將dataview導出excel
若想實現(xiàn)更加富于變化或者行列不規(guī)則的excel導出時，可用本法,。
public void OutputExcel(DataView dv,string str)
{
//dv為要輸出到Excel的數(shù)據(jù),，str為標題名稱
GC.Collect();
Application excel;// = new Application();
int rowIndex=4;
int colIndex=1;
_Workbook xBk;
_Worksheet xSt;
excel= new ApplicationClass();
xBk = excel.Workbooks.Add(true);
xSt = (_Worksheet)xBk.ActiveSheet;
//
//取得標題
//
foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)
{
colIndex++;
excel.Cells[4,colIndex] = col.ColumnName;
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//設置標題格式為居中對齊
}
//
//取得表格中的數(shù)據(jù)
//
foreach(DataRowView row in dv)
{
rowIndex ++;
colIndex = 1;
foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)
{
colIndex ++;
if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.DateTime"))
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = (Convert.ToDateTime(row[col.ColumnName].ToString())).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//設置日期型的字段格式為居中對齊
}
else
if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.String"))
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = "'"+row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//設置字符型的字段格式為居中對齊
}
else
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
}
}
}
//
//加載一個合計行
//
int rowSum = rowIndex + 1;
int colSum = 2;
excel.Cells[rowSum,2] = "合計";
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;
//
//設置選中的部分的顏色
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Interior.ColorIndex = 19;//設置為淺黃色，共計有56種
//
//取得整個報表的標題
//
excel.Cells[2,2] = str;
//
//設置整個報表的標題格式
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Bold = true;
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Size = 22;
//
//設置報表表格為最適應寬度
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Columns.AutoFit();
//
//設置整個報表的標題為跨列居中
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).Select();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenterAcROSsSelection;
//
//繪制邊框
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders.LineStyle = 1;
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//設置左邊線加粗
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//設置上邊線加粗
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//設置右邊線加粗
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//設置下邊線加粗
//
//顯示效果
//
excel.Visible=true;
//xSt.Export(Server.MapPath(".")+""+this.xlfile.Text+".xls",SheetExportActionEnum.ssExportActionNone,MicROSoft.Office.Interop.OWC.SheetExportFormat.ssExportHTML);
xBk.SaveCopyAs(Server.MapPath(".")+""+this.xlfile.Text+".xls");
ds = null;
xBk.Close(false, null,null);
excel.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xBk);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excel);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xSt);
xBk = null;
excel = null;
xSt = null;
GC.Collect();
string path = Server.MapPath(this.xlfile.Text+".xls");
System.IO.FileInfo file = new System.IO.FileInfo(path);
Response.Clear();
Response.Charset="GB2312";
Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
// 添加頭信息,，為"文件下載/另存為"對話框指定默認文件名
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(file.Name));
// 添加頭信息，指定文件大小，讓瀏覽器能夠顯示下載進度
Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", file.Length.ToString());
// 指定返回的是一個不能被客戶端讀取的流,，必須被下載
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
// 把文件流發(fā)送到客戶端
Response.WriteFile(file.FullName);
// 停止頁面的執(zhí)行
Response.End();
} |
二,、winForm中導出Excel的方法：
1、方法1：
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]);
SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn);
DataSet ds=new DataSet();
da.Fill(ds,"table1");
DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"];
string name=System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["downloadurl"].ToString()+DateTime.Today.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond).Next(10000).ToString()+".csv";//存放到web.config中downloadurl指定的路徑,，文件格式為當前日期+4位隨機數(shù)
FileStream fs=new FileStream(name,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write);
StreamWriter sw=new StreamWriter(fs,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"));
sw.WriteLine("自動編號,姓名,年齡");
foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
{
sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]);
}
sw.Close();
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(name));
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";// 指定返回的是一個不能被客戶端讀取的流,，必須被下載
Response.WriteFile(name); // 把文件流發(fā)送到客戶端
Response.End();
public void Out2Excel(string sTableName,string url)
{
Excel.Application oExcel=new Excel.Application();
Workbooks oBooks;
Workbook oBook;
Sheets oSheets;
Worksheet oSheet;
Range oCells;
string sFile="",sTemplate="";
//
System.Data.DataTable dt=TableOut(sTableName).Tables[0];
sFile=url+"myExcel.xls";
sTemplate=url+"MyTemplate.xls";
//
oExcel.Visible=false;
oExcel.DisplayAlerts=false;
//定義一個新的工作簿
oBooks=oExcel.Workbooks;
oBooks.Open(sTemplate,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
oBook=oBooks.get_Item(1);
oSheets=oBook.Worksheets;
oSheet=(Worksheet)oSheets.get_Item(1);
//命名該sheet
oSheet.Name="Sheet1";
oCells=oSheet.Cells;
//調(diào)用dumpdata過程，將數(shù)據(jù)導入到Excel中去
DumpData(dt,oCells);
//保存
oSheet.SaveAs(sFile,Excel.XlFileFormat.xlTemplate,Type.Missing,Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
oBook.Close(false, Type.Missing,Type.Missing);
//退出Excel,，并且釋放調(diào)用的COM資源
oExcel.Quit();
GC.Collect();
KillProcess("Excel");
}
private void KillProcess(string processName)
{
System.Diagnostics.Process myproc= new System.Diagnostics.Process();
//得到所有打開的進程
try
{
foreach (Process thisproc in Process.GetProcessesByName(processName))
{
if(!thisproc.CloseMainWindow())
{
thisproc.Kill();
}
}
}
catch(Exception Exc)
{
throw new Exception("",Exc);
}
} |
2,、方法2：
protected void ExportExcel()
{
gridbind();
if(ds1==null) return;
string saveFileName="";
// bool fileSaved=false;
SaveFileDialog saveDialog=new SaveFileDialog();
saveDialog.DefaultExt ="xls";
saveDialog.Filter="Excel文件|*.xls";
saveDialog.FileName ="Sheet1";
saveDialog.ShowDialog();
saveFileName=saveDialog.FileName;
if(saveFileName.IndexOf(":")<0) return; //被點了取消
// excelapp.Workbooks.Open (App.path & 工程進度表.xls)
Excel.Application xlApp=new Excel.Application();
object missing=System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
if(xlApp==null)
{
MessageBox.Show("無法創(chuàng)建Excel對象，可能您的機子未安裝Excel");
return;
}
Excel.Workbooks workbooks=xlApp.Workbooks;
Excel.Workbook workbook=workbooks.Add(Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
Excel.Worksheet worksheet=(Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];//取得sheet1
Excel.Range range;
string oldCaption=Title_label .Text.Trim ();
long totalCount=ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;
long rowRead=0;
float percent=0;
worksheet.Cells[1,1]=Title_label .Text.Trim ();
//寫入字段
for(int i=0;i<ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count;i++)
{
worksheet.Cells[2,i+1]=ds1.Tables[0].Columns.ColumnName;
range=(Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[2,i+1];
range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;
range.Font.Bold = true;
}
//寫入數(shù)值
Caption .Visible = true;
for(int r=0;r<ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;r++)
{
for(int i=0;i<ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count;i++)
{
worksheet.Cells[r+3,i+1]=ds1.Tables[0].Rows[r];
}
rowRead++;
percent=((float)(100*rowRead))/totalCount;
this.Caption.Text= "正在導出數(shù)據(jù)["+ percent.ToString("0.00") +"%] ";
Application.DoEVEnts();
}
worksheet.SaveAs(saveFileName,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing,missing);
this.Caption.Visible= false;
this.Caption.Text= oldCaption;
range=worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[2,1],worksheet.Cells[ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count+2,ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count]);
range.BorderAround(Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous,Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin,Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic,null);
range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].ColorIndex = Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;
range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].LineStyle =Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].Weight =Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin;
if(ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count>1)
{
range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsidEVErtical].ColorIndex=Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;
}
workbook.Close(missing,missing,missing);
xlApp.Quit();
} |
6.從DataGridView里導出
/// <summary>
/// 常用方法,，列之間加\t開,。
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// using System.IO;
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="dgv"></param>
private void DataGridViewToExcel(DataGridView dgv)
{
SaveFileDialog dlg = new SaveFileDialog();
dlg.Filter = "Execl files (*.xls)|*.xls";
dlg.CheckFileExists = false;
dlg.CheckPathExists = false;
dlg.FilterIndex = 0;
dlg.RestoreDirectory = true;
dlg.CreatePrompt = true;
dlg.Title = "保存為Excel文件";
if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
Stream myStream;
myStream = dlg.OpenFile();
StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(myStream, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(-0));
string columnTitle = "";
try
{
//寫入列標題
for (int i = 0; i < dgv.ColumnCount; i++)
{
if (i > 0)
{
columnTitle += "\t";
}
columnTitle += dgv.Columns[i].HeaderText;
}
sw.WriteLine(columnTitle);
//寫入列內(nèi)容
for (int j = 0; j < dgv.Rows.Count; j++)
{
string columnValue = "";
for (int k = 0; k < dgv.Columns.Count; k++)
{
if (k > 0)
{
columnValue += "\t";
}
if (dgv.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value == null)
columnValue += "";
else
columnValue += dgv.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value.ToString().Trim();
}
sw.WriteLine(columnValue);
}
sw.Close();
myStream.Close();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());
}
finally
{
sw.Close();
myStream.Close();
}
}
} |
三、附注：
雖然都是實現(xiàn)導出excel的功能,，但在asp.net和winform的程序中,，實現(xiàn)的代碼是各不相同的,。在asp.net中，是在服務器端讀取數(shù)據(jù),，在服務器端把數(shù)據(jù)以ms-excel的格式,，以Response輸出到瀏覽器（客戶端)；而在winform中,，是把數(shù)據(jù)讀到客戶端（因為winform運行端就是客戶端）,，然后調(diào)用客戶端安裝的office組件，將讀到的數(shù)據(jù)寫在excel
|
