定語從句用來修飾名詞,。名詞可以充當(dāng)主語,,表語,,賓語等成分。所以,,我們在這些句子成分后加上一個定語從句,,就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)從簡單句到復(fù)合句的升級。 1. We all know the person. 這句話中,,賓語是the person,是名詞,。我們可以在后面加上定語從句,,修飾the person,使句子變成一個含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句,。We all know the person who donated money to the local school.我們都認(rèn)識那個給當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校捐錢的人,。我們把這個定語從句進(jìn)行拆分,可以拆分成兩個同時含有先行詞the person的句子,。① We all know the person.② The person donated money to the local school.我們會發(fā)現(xiàn),,在句子②中,the person 作句子的主語,,和donated是主動關(guān)系,,所以,定語從句可以改成現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語,,現(xiàn)在分詞表示和被修飾名詞之間是主動關(guān)系:We all know the person donating money to the local school.2. Anyone should be punished.這句話中,主語是anyone,,是名詞,。我們可以在后面加上定語從句,修飾anyone,,使句子變成一個含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句,。Anyone who breaks the rules should be punished.任何破壞規(guī)矩的人都應(yīng)該被懲罰。我們把這個定語從句進(jìn)行拆分,,可以拆分成兩個同時含有先行詞anyone的句子,。① Anyone should be punished.② Anyone breaks the rules.我們會發(fā)現(xiàn),,在句子②中,,Anyone作句子的主語,和breaks是主動關(guān)系,,所以,,定語從句可以改成現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語,現(xiàn)在分詞表示和被修飾名詞之間是主動關(guān)系:Anyone breaking the rules should be punished.3. This is the lucky girl.這句話中,,表語是the luck girl,是名詞。我們可以在后面加上定語從句,,修飾the luck girl,,使句子變成一個含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句。This is the lucky girl who was saved by a hero.我們把這個定語從句進(jìn)行拆分,,可以拆分成兩個同時含有先行詞the lucky girl的句子。② The luck girl was saved by a hero.我們會發(fā)現(xiàn),,在句子②中,,the luck girl作主語,和saved是被動關(guān)系,,所以,,定語從句可以改成過去分詞作后置定語,過去分詞表示和被修飾名詞之間是被動關(guān)系:This is the lucky girl saved by a hero.
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