【原】Case Files: Anesthesiology 學(xué)習(xí)筆記(157)腔鏡手術(shù)并發(fā)癥1.

麻花慧慧子 2024-08-24 發(fā)布于浙江

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CASE 41 complications of laparoscopy

1. laparoscopic excision of an ovarian cyst

laparoscopy ([?l?p??r?sk?pi] n.腹腔鏡檢查) A laparoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that looks inside your stomach (['st?m?k] n.胃;腹部) or pelvis (['pelv?s] n.骨盆). Healthcare providers use laparoscopies to diagnose medical conditions or perform surgery. Surgery using a laparoscope is called laparoscopic surgery. It’s generally safer than traditional surgery because it’s less invasive.

excision [?k's??n] n.切除（術(shù)） the act of removing sth completely from sth; the thing removed

ovarian cyst [???ve?ri?n] [s?st] un.卵巢囊腫 Ovarian cysts are sacs, usually filled with fluid, in an ovary or on its surface. Females have two ovaries. One ovary is located on each side of the uterus. Ovarian cysts are common. Most of the time, you have little or no discomfort, and the cysts are harmless. Most cysts go away without treatment within a few months.

2. asthma [??sm?] n.氣喘 Asthma is a chronic lung disease that affects people of all ages and can cause cough, wheeze ([wi?z] n.喘息), shortness of breath and chest tightness.

inhaler [?n?he?l?(r)] n.吸入器（吸藥用）Inhalers are devices that deliver medication to the lungs to treat asthma symptoms.

3.gastroesophageal reflux disease 胃食管反流病 Reflux occurs when the ring-shaped muscle that normally prevents the contents of the stomach from flowing back into the esophagus ([i??s?f?ɡ?s] n.食道) (called thelower esophageal sphincter 食管下括約肌) does not function properly. The most typical symptom is heartburn (a burning pain behind the breastbone ([?brest?b??n] n.胸骨)). The diagnosis is based on symptoms and sometimes esophageal pH testing.

4. albuterol [?lb'j?t?r?l] n.沙丁胺醇；舒喘寧 Albuterol is abronchodilator ([?br??k??dɑ?'le?t?] n.支氣管擴(kuò)張藥) that relaxes muscles in the airways and increases air flow to the lungs. Albuterol inhalation is used to treat or prevent bronchospasm (['br??k??sp?z?m] n.支氣管痙攣), or narrowing of the airways in the lungs, in people with asthma or certain types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is also used to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm.

5. thyromental distance 甲頦距離 The thyromental distance is the distance from the thyroid notch (un.甲狀切跡) to the chin when the head is extended, and it estimates the mandibular ([m?n'd?bj?l?] adj.下頜骨的) space. A distance of less than 6 cm, assessed by the distance of 3 fingerbreadths (指寬), has been shown as a predictive factor in difficult intubation. The diagnostic utility of the thyromental distance is increased when combined with Mallampati score.

6. hematocrit ['hem?t??kr?t] n.紅細(xì)胞壓積 A hematocrit test determines the proportion of red blood cells in the blood. It can help diagnose or monitor certain diseases, such as anemia ([??ni?mi?] n.貧血) or dehydration.

7. bicitra Sodium citrate and citric acid combine in an oral solution to prevent kidney stones and metabolic acidosis. This solution works by making your blood and pee less acidic.

Treating metabolic acidosis and certain kidney problems (eg, kidney stones). It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. Bicitra is an alkalinizing (alkalinize ['?lk?l?na?z]v.使堿化) agent. It works by neutralizing (neutralize [?nju?tr?la?z]v.使失效) excess acid in the blood and urine. Bicitra keeps the acid levels in your body in a normal range. It's useful for people who have a buildup of acid in their blood or urine and need long-term treatment.

8. metoclopramide [met?'kl??pr?ma?d] n.胃復(fù)安,；氯普胺 Metoclopramide increases muscle contractions in the upper digestive tract. This speeds up the rate at which the stomach empties into the intestines.

Metoclopramide oral (taken by mouth) is used for 4 to 12 weeks to treat heartburn caused by gastroesophageal reflux in people who have used other medications without relief.

Metoclopramide oral is also used to treat gastroparesis (['ɡ?str??p?e??s?s] n.胃輕癱) (slow stomach emptying) in people with diabetes, which can cause heartburn and stomach discomfort after meals.

9. rantidine 雷尼替丁 Ranitidine belongs to a group of drugs called histamine-2 blockers. It works by reducing the amount of acid your stomach produces.

Ranitidine has been used to treat and prevent ulcers in the stomach and intestines.

Ranitidine was also used to treatgastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and other conditions in which acid backs up from the stomach into the esophagus, causing heartburn.

10. The Lithotomy ([l?'θ?t?m?] n.截石位) Position is similar to the supine ([?su?pa?n] adj.仰臥的) position of the body when the patient is face-up, arms to the sides, but the legs are separated, raised, and supported in a boot-style leg holder or stirrup-style position. The most common procedures performed in the Lithotomy position are:

Gynecological,，Urologic，Colorectal,，Perineal, or Pelvis Procedures

11. insufflation [??ns?'fle???n] n.吹入,注入 . the blowing of a powder, vapor, or gas into a body cavity.

12. peritoneum [?per?t?'ni?m] n.腹膜 a membrane that lines your abdominopelvic cavity(腹骨盆腔 ) and covers your abdominal organs.