?The major objection to this plan was the high  costs.主語(yǔ)

stress  both the role  of practical men  in  furthering science

科學(xué)上總是有可以探索的東西

不要被熱情沖昏了頭腦,，保持平靜,。

Tom's efforts to stop smoking is unsuccessful.主語(yǔ)

Failure to follow the rules will lead to the deduction of the marks.主語(yǔ)

All attempst to curb inflation have failed.主語(yǔ)，

She refused to discuss her decision to  quit the group做了賓語(yǔ)

Would their discussion lead to his agreement to visit his mother.做了賓語(yǔ)

The current obsession with exam results will harm children's education.

限定詞，前修飾語(yǔ),，中心詞,，介詞后置定語(yǔ)做了主語(yǔ)。

相當(dāng)于名詞性短語(yǔ),，可作任何成分,。特別是主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。

名詞化加介詞短語(yǔ)/不定式做后置定語(yǔ)~名詞短語(yǔ)加介詞短語(yǔ)或不定式作后置定語(yǔ)

前面要么是名詞屬格,，要么是The 加形容詞

The bold attempts to attack enemies  have failed.

介詞/或不定式/

Failure to  ...

Attention to details is essential in this job.

our hatred of enemies.

Her anxiety to go was obvious.

It is obvious that she is anxious to go.

She was obviously  anxious to go.

He showed a willingness to please.

=He is willing to please

I feel doubtful about his ability to do it.

of 是后置定語(yǔ)沒(méi)錯(cuò)

the law of Newton

Mary's hostile criticism of his play.  of his play 后置定語(yǔ)瑪麗對(duì)他的戲劇的嚴(yán)格批評(píng)

I don't allow your  interference  with my life名詞化作賓語(yǔ)

Many teachers are praised for their devotion to education.

名詞化作賓語(yǔ)

名詞化就是名詞中心詞加介詞/不定式,，然后變成了一個(gè)名詞性短語(yǔ)，可以賓語(yǔ),，主語(yǔ),，表語(yǔ)

Many people answered the call for volunteers

among his hobbies is his fondness for  music.

The army is characterized by its insistence on discipline.

The factory is well-known for its workers' participation in its manegement.

主動(dòng)關(guān)系與動(dòng)賓關(guān)系與是不是后置修飾語(yǔ)沒(méi)有關(guān)系。

He hit back the urge to tell a lie  

克制住說(shuō)謊的沖動(dòng)human attempts to mock 

hold the key to our understanding of universe 

1.名詞加不定式

2.名詞加介詞加ing

3.名詞加介詞加名詞

4.of 詞組    同樣也是名詞性短語(yǔ)

都做后置定語(yǔ),，構(gòu)成名詞性短語(yǔ),。做任何成分。

We are surprised at his quick discovery from the illness.

Her punishment for stealing was a year in prison.

Many people criticized Dick's decision to emigrate to Australia.

The City Council approved the proposal to build a new dam on the river.

He refuses the invitation to write another article on the subject

of 詞組就是名詞性短語(yǔ)

Bill paid no attention to other people's criticism of him.

Japan's occupation of the land

our  hatred of the enemy 

I do not allow your interference with my personal affair.

The Monster's reading of Milton

rejection by mankind makes him a  fallen Lucifer.

defense against Frankenstein's obhorrence of his creation