◆how adv. 1. 在某些動詞(如:know, show, discover, see, explain, find out等)之后不宜直接跟不定式,但可跟“疑問詞+不定式”,,在這類結(jié)構(gòu)中,,不要忘記必要的 how(因為 how 在漢語中往往譯不出): 他會游泳。 誤:He knows to swim. 正:He knows how to swim. 你能說明一下蛋糕的作法嗎? 誤:Can you explain to make a cake? 正:Can you explain how to make a cake? 2. 通常不能用作關(guān)系副詞,,所以不能引導(dǎo)定語從句: 那就是他跟他父母說話的樣子,。 誤:That’s the way how he speaks to his parents. 正:That’s how he speaks to his parents. 正:That’s the way (that) he speaks to his parents. 正:That’s the way (in which) he speaks to his parents. ◆how & what 在許多情況下,兩者用法極為相似,,只是句型結(jié)構(gòu)稍有不同: 1. 兩者均可用來引出感嘆句,,how用于修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞,,而 what 用于修飾名詞,。如: How difficult it is! 它是多難啊! How well he plays the violin. 他的小提琴拉得真好! How they cried! 他們哭得多厲害! What a clever boy he is! 他真是個聰明的孩子! 注:有時也說 How clever a boy he is! 但不是很常見。 2. 在詢問看法時,,以下兩句型同義,,注意搭配的動詞不同: 你覺得這部電影怎么樣? 正:How do you like the film? 正:What do you think of the film? 3. 在詢問天氣時,以下兩類句型同義,,但句型結(jié)構(gòu)不同: 今天天氣怎么樣? 正:How is the weather today? 正:What is the weather like today? 4. 詢問某人或事物的暫時現(xiàn)象通常用 how,;詢問某人或事物的持久特征通常用 what……like。如: How’s work these days? 近來工作情況如何? A:What’s your mother like? 你母親是怎樣一個人? B:She is a very nice person. 她這個人非常好,。 5. 詢問某人的健康情況時用 how, 詢問某人職業(yè)時用 what,。如: A:How is your mother? 你母親好嗎? B:She is very well. 她很好。 A:What’s your father? 你父親是干什么的? B:He’s a doctor. 當(dāng)醫(yī)生的,。 6. 表示“如何(說)”,,用 how 和 what 均可,但搭配不同,。如: 它用英語怎么說? 正:How do you say it in English? 正:What do you call it in English? 7. 在詢問“長短”,、“寬窄”、“高低”,、“多少”等意義時,,以下兩類句型同義,用 what 比用 what 更正式,。如: 你多大年紀(jì)? 正:How old are you? 正:What’s your age? 這河有多寬? 正:How wide is the river? 正:What’s the width of the river? 這個村子有多少人口? 正:How many people are there in this village? 正:What is the population of of the village? 8. 有個別情況,,兩者都可用,結(jié)構(gòu)一樣,,含義一樣,。如: How [What] about Friday? 星期五怎么樣? How [What] about having a rest? 休息一會兒怎么樣? How [What] do you mean? 你是什么意思? |
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來自: 百眼通 > 《02詞匯-662》