久久国产成人av_抖音国产毛片_a片网站免费观看_A片无码播放手机在线观看,色五月在线观看,亚洲精品m在线观看,女人自慰的免费网址,悠悠在线观看精品视频,一级日本片免费的,亚洲精品久,国产精品成人久久久久久久

分享

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人雙語(yǔ)精讀|無人駕駛之三家分晉

 砍地機(jī)黁 2017-06-15

  昨天川普當(dāng)選,真的是我國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)全民議政的一天,,還有網(wǎng)友說,,真慶幸我們國(guó)家不是公民投票制度,不然我們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人有可能是李易峰,、吳亦凡23333333

這場(chǎng)鬧劇也極大地增加了社會(huì)主義吃瓜群眾的道路自信,、理論自信與制度自信,不過今天我們要講的跟川普沒關(guān),,各大媒體鋪天蓋地地報(bào)道估計(jì)大家也膩了,,今天的文章關(guān)于科技&商業(yè)。

導(dǎo)讀

  隨著無人駕駛概念的興起,,各行各業(yè)紛紛涉足該領(lǐng)域,,以優(yōu)步、蘋果和谷歌為代表的科技公司,、以特斯拉和沃爾沃為代表的汽車制造商,,和汽車零部件供應(yīng)商正展開激烈的爭(zhēng)奪,都試圖從無人駕駛這塊大蛋糕中分得最大的一塊,,究竟誰能逐鹿中原,?
  本文選自《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》20160924期,將原文壓縮至兩段,,對(duì)語(yǔ)言未做任何修改,,并最大限度地保留了文章脈絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。

Autonomous vehicles

來自經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人雙語(yǔ)精讀

01:33

Autonomous vehicles
無人駕駛汽車

Who’s self-driving your car?
 
誰在自動(dòng)駕駛你的汽車,?
 

The battle for driverless cars revs up
無人駕駛汽車的爭(zhēng)奪戰(zhàn)日趨激烈
解析
  Rev 作名詞講,,是指(輪子或發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))旋轉(zhuǎn)一周;作動(dòng)詞講,,常與 up 連用,,有“使加速,加強(qiáng)”的意思,,引申為“(使)活躍,,(使)積極”,如:The hotel is revving up as the Double-eleventh Day nears.(隨著雙十一的臨近,,賓館的節(jié)奏活躍起來,。)
  'Rev up'在這里用得非常巧妙,,'intensify, heighten, escalate, pick up'等詞都可以表示戰(zhàn)斗的日趨激烈,但均不如 rev up 用得生動(dòng)形象,,這也體現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人用詞的考究。
Para.
1
  第一段交代了無人駕駛汽車的發(fā)展形勢(shì)——以優(yōu)步為代表的科技巨頭,、汽車制造商以及汽車零部件供應(yīng)商正展開激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng),。一起來看:
原文
WITH its successful test of robo-taxis on the streets of Pittsburgh last week, Uber has dominated recent headlines on autonomous vehicles. But behind the scenes three groups—technology giants such as Uber, carmakers and a whole fleet of autoparts suppliers—are in a tight race. Each is vying to develop the hardware and software that make up the complex guts of a self-driving vehicle.
解析
  第一句開門見山,講了優(yōu)步在無人駕駛汽車領(lǐng)域最新取得的成就——無人出租車測(cè)試成功,。 我們一起來看:WITH its successful test of robo-taxis on the streets of Pittsburgh last week, Uber has dominated recent headlines on autonomous vehicles.

  robo-taxis 中,,'Robo-'源于'robot',表示“機(jī)器人的”,,后面直接跟名詞,,比如 Robo-nurse 機(jī)器人護(hù)士,Robo-taxis 機(jī)器人出租車,,美國(guó)有一部科幻大片叫《機(jī)器戰(zhàn)警》,,不知大家看過沒有,它的英文名字就叫'Robo-cap',。
  雖然同為機(jī)器人,,但他們的職責(zé)不同,有的負(fù)責(zé)服務(wù),,有的負(fù)責(zé)逗比,,比如《澳門風(fēng)云》里的傻強(qiáng):
  dominate 指“占據(jù)”,dominate the headlines 的意思是“占據(jù)頭條”,,此外還可以說 hit/grab the headlines.

  這句話的意思是:上周在匹茲堡的街道上(on the streets of Pittsburgh last week),,優(yōu)步成功測(cè)試了無人出租車(WITH its successful test of robo-taxis),并因此占據(jù)了近期無人駕駛的頭條(Uber has dominated recent headlines on autonomous vehicles),。

  大家可以根據(jù)中文,,看看自己能不能翻回去,能不能翻到原句的水平,,如果不能,,就要通過對(duì)比,思考問題出在了哪里,,如何改進(jìn),。一般的回譯版本是:Uber has successfully tested robo-taxis on the streets of Pittsburgh last week, and has dominated recent headlines on autonomous vehicles.
  通過對(duì)比觀察我們發(fā)現(xiàn),我們的回譯譯文和原句之間主要有兩點(diǎn)不同:一,,原句通過with引導(dǎo)一個(gè)信息,,比較簡(jiǎn)潔,有層次感和節(jié)奏感,;二,,“成功測(cè)試”我們用的是adv. v.格式,,而原句用的adj. n.格式,這也是中西方的一個(gè)思維差異,,原句的表達(dá)更加干凈利落,,不拖泥帶水。通過對(duì)比分析,,我們能更好的提高自己的寫作水平和文章質(zhì)量,,不斷接近經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人的寫作水平。


  之前跟大家談到過,,一篇文章中,,段首句一般是主旨句,但如果有But等轉(zhuǎn)折詞存在,,則轉(zhuǎn)折詞后面的部分是主旨,。第一句話講Uber在無人駕駛領(lǐng)域取得新成就,但接下來筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn),,開始講述在Uber發(fā)展的背后,,是三大力量的暗中較量。But也點(diǎn)明了該句為文章的主旨句,,一起來看:

But behind the scenes three groups—technology giants such as Uber, carmakers and a whole fleet of autoparts suppliers—are in a tight race. Each is vying to develop the hardware and software that make up the complex guts of a self-driving vehicle.

  這句話出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)破折號(hào),,照例,我們把它當(dāng)作括號(hào)括出去,,看主句:
But behind the scenes three groups are in a tight race. 
但背后,,三大集團(tuán)正展開激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
哪三大集團(tuán)呢,?破折號(hào)給出了解釋—technology giants such as Uber, carmakers and a whole fleet of autoparts suppliers,,以優(yōu)步為代表的科技巨頭、汽車制造商,,以及一大批汽車零部件供應(yīng)商,。
  Behind the scenes 指“在幕后,在臺(tái)下”,,這個(gè)詞組在樸槿惠的那一篇文章中也講過,。舉個(gè)栗子,我們都羨慕同傳員的工資,、光環(huán),,卻很少有人知道他們背后所投入的巨大精力、忍受的孤獨(dú),、折磨等,,We've all seen the glamorized life of simultaneous interpreters, but few could see the efforts they've made and struggles they've endured behind the scenes.
  Fleet 指”海軍艦隊(duì)“,也可以指某公司或機(jī)構(gòu)所調(diào)度的“車隊(duì),,機(jī)群”,,a fleet of 指“一批”,。大家以后遇到'a n. of'的形式,即使不知道中間的名詞是什么意思也無關(guān)緊要,,把它理解為“很多”就可以,。比如 a pack of wolves 一群狼,a colony of ants 一群螞蟻,,a hive of bees 一群蜜蜂,,a flock of sheep 一群羊,a school of fish 一群魚,,如果不知道pack, colony, hive, flock, school 是什么意思也無所謂,完全可以理解為“很多”,。
  In a tight race 指這三大集團(tuán)之間正展開“緊張激烈的競(jìng)賽”,, 但小編想把句子改寫一下:
But behind the scenes three groups are locked in a tight race. 
  lock 意思是“鎖住”,這里更能體現(xiàn)出一種膠著的狀態(tài),。
  Each is vying to develop the hardware and software that ... 中,,vying是動(dòng)詞的 ing形式,原型為 vie, 同義詞是'compete',,意為“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”,,后面常跟 to v. for/with n.,與上句的'in a tight race'相呼應(yīng),。
  Gut 常見的意思指“勇氣,,腸道”,但這里指“(機(jī)器,、車輛等的)內(nèi)部基本部件”,。

  這兩句話的意思是:但背后是以優(yōu)步為代表的科技巨頭、汽車制造商以及汽車零部件供應(yīng)商這三大集團(tuán)之間的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng),。每一方都在爭(zhēng)相研發(fā)構(gòu)成汽車復(fù)雜部件的硬件和軟件,。

譯文
上周在匹茲堡的街道上,優(yōu)步成功測(cè)試了無人出租車,,并因此占據(jù)了近期無人駕駛的頭條,。
但背后是以優(yōu)步為代表的科技巨頭、汽車制造商以及汽車零部件供應(yīng)商這三大集團(tuán)之間的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng),。每一方都在爭(zhēng)相研發(fā)構(gòu)成汽車復(fù)雜部件的硬件和軟件,。

Para.
2
接下來的一段主要圍繞著三大力量如何斗爭(zhēng)來展看,一起來看:
原文
  A couple of years ago tech firms appeared well ahead in this battle. But, Uber aside, they have dabbed the brakes of late.
  Carmakers, meanwhile, are making more of the running after a slow start. Despite recent safety concerns, Tesla, an electric-car maker, is making progress with its Autopilot system.
  The losers in this race look likely to be the big parts-makers, whose relationship with their main customers could become strained.
  All parties recognise that the biggest profits from autonomy will come from producing an 'operating system'. Tech firms probably have the edge here. But carmakers and suppliers are not giving up easily. So they are involved in a bout of frenzied activity to keep control of the innards of self-driving cars.
解析
  我們首先來看第一股力量——科技公司:
A couple of years ago tech firms appeared well ahead in this battle. But, Uber aside, they have dabbed the brakes of late.

  appeared well ahead in this battle=appeared leading this battle,,表示處于領(lǐng)先地位,,
  dab the brakes 字面意思是輕踩剎車,這里引申為“放慢發(fā)展的步伐”,,這里用的也挺形象的,,和 rev up 有異曲同工之妙,。
  of late 表示“近來”,=recently

  這句話的意思是:幾年前,,科技公司似乎在這場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽中一馬當(dāng)先,,但近幾年,除了優(yōu)步,,它們都放慢了發(fā)展的步伐,。

  再來看第二股力量——汽車制造商:
Carmakers, meanwhile, are making more of the running after a slow start. Despite recent safety concerns, Tesla, an electric-car maker, is making progress with its Autopilot system.

  make more of the running after a slow start 的意思是,雖然起步慢,,但正在加緊步伐,,  a slow start 可以比喻“輸在起跑線上”,  make more of the running 可以比喻“后天的努力”,。
  經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人后面出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)句子,,表達(dá)的意思跟它差不多,可以當(dāng)做同義改寫來學(xué)習(xí):
But carmakers are coming up surprisingly fast on the inside lane.
come up fast in the inside lane 表示“超車”,,inside lane內(nèi)車道,,可用于超車。

后面說,,盡管最近存在安全方面的擔(dān)憂(Despite recent safety concerns),,電動(dòng)汽車制造商特斯拉(Tesla, an electric-car maker)在自動(dòng)導(dǎo)航方面(with its Autopilot system)取得進(jìn)展(is making progress)。

  來看譯文:而汽車制造商盡管起步慢,,但正在加緊步伐,。盡管最近存在安全方面的擔(dān)憂,電動(dòng)汽車制造商特斯拉在自動(dòng)導(dǎo)航方面取得一定進(jìn)展,。


  前兩股力量各有所長(zhǎng),,但第三股力量——汽車零部件制造商,就沒那么幸運(yùn)了:
The losers in this race look likely to be the big parts-makers, whose relationship with their main customers could become strained. 

  這一句話是說,,大型汽車零部件制造商(the big parts-makers)可能會(huì)在這場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽中(in this race)淪為失敗者(The loser),,因?yàn)樗麄兒椭饕櫩偷年P(guān)系(relationship with their main customers)或趨于緊張(could become strained)。

  'the relationship be strained' 表示“關(guān)系緊張”,;這里的“主要顧客”指carmakers 汽車制造商,,因?yàn)檫^去汽車制造商把汽車零部件生產(chǎn)的工作讓渡給零部件供應(yīng)商,最近有收回的想法,,一旦收回的話,,零部件供應(yīng)商就沒有生意可以做了,從而成為輸家,。


最后一段為總結(jié)句,,先看最后一段的第一句:
All parties recognise that the biggest profits from autonomy will come from producing an 'operating system'. Tech firms probably have the edge here. 

  the biggest profits 指利潤(rùn)中最大的一塊,相當(dāng)于 the lion's share of profits,,the lion's share 指 'the larger part—or most—of sth.
  動(dòng)物分配食物時(shí),,獅子總能分到最大的一塊,,所以用'the lion's share' 來表示“最大的一塊”。
  edge 在這表示“優(yōu)勢(shì)”,,相當(dāng)于advantages,,比如 技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì),既可以說 technological advantage,,也可以說 technological edge.

  前兩句的意思是:各方已意識(shí)到(All parties recognise ),,無人駕駛領(lǐng)域最大的利潤(rùn)(the biggest profits from autonomy )將來源于生產(chǎn)出一套“操作系統(tǒng)”(will come from producing an 'operating system' )??萍脊?Tech firms )在這一方面或有優(yōu)勢(shì)(probably have the edge here ),。
  這句話的暗含之意為,科技公司最有可能收獲最大的利潤(rùn)
Tech firms are in the best spot to claim the big profits from the operating system
這也是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人的原話,。


  繼續(xù)來看carmakers 和 suppliers:
But carmakers and suppliers are not giving up easily. So they are involved in a bout of frenzied activity to keep control of the innards of self-driving cars.

  但汽車制造商和零部件供應(yīng)商(carmakers and supplier)不會(huì)輕易放棄(are not giving up easil),,它們正爭(zhēng)先恐后地采取行動(dòng)(they are involved in a bout of frenzied activity)以確保對(duì)無人駕駛汽車內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)(the innards of self-driving cars)的控制(keep control of )。

bout 指:a short period of illness or involvement in an activity,,
a bout of 可以理解為“一陣”,frenzied 表示“瘋狂的”,,a bout of frenzied activity 指采取一系列瘋狂的行動(dòng),,比喻爭(zhēng)先恐后
innards 指汽車的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu),。

譯文
各方已意識(shí)到,,無人駕駛領(lǐng)域最大的利潤(rùn)將來源于生產(chǎn)出一套“操作系統(tǒng)”??萍脊驹谶@一方面或有優(yōu)勢(shì),。但汽車制造商和零部件供應(yīng)商不會(huì)輕易放棄,它們正爭(zhēng)先恐后地采取行動(dòng)以確保對(duì)無人駕駛汽車內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的控制,。
TheEco
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人雙語(yǔ)對(duì)照
這是一個(gè)嚴(yán)肅的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)公眾號(hào)

    本站是提供個(gè)人知識(shí)管理的網(wǎng)絡(luò)存儲(chǔ)空間,,所有內(nèi)容均由用戶發(fā)布,不代表本站觀點(diǎn),。請(qǐng)注意甄別內(nèi)容中的聯(lián)系方式,、誘導(dǎo)購(gòu)買等信息,謹(jǐn)防詐騙,。如發(fā)現(xiàn)有害或侵權(quán)內(nèi)容,,請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊一鍵舉報(bào)。
    轉(zhuǎn)藏 分享 獻(xiàn)花(0

    0條評(píng)論

    發(fā)表

    請(qǐng)遵守用戶 評(píng)論公約

    類似文章 更多