美國國家檔案館標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（之三）

中國國家博物館   研究館員   張晉平選譯

1571.12 What finishes are permitted in records areas? 什么材料允許在檔案區(qū)域內(nèi)墻面上使用,？
a. Use a water-based latex paint for painting walls and ceilings. All concrete block walls in the storage area must be primed and painted to prevent dust.
a. 要應(yīng)用水基乳膠涂料涂刷墻面和天花板,。所有水泥墻壁要用底漆和面漆涂料涂刷達到防塵效果。
b. Use a low volatile organic compound (VOC) acrylic membrane curing compound for the concrete floors of the records storage areas, after which apply a floor epoxy. Limit the VOC off-gassing of any epoxy and floor coatings in any area where records are processed, used, stored, or exhibited to less than 0.1 part per million by restricting the use of toluene and xylene in the floor coating mix.
b. 檔案庫房水泥地面要先涂刷環(huán)氧樹脂地板涂料，然后再涂刷低揮發(fā)性丙烯酸性自固性成膜涂料,。在檔案工作間,、檔案利用室、檔案庫房和檔案展廳都不得使用揮發(fā)甲苯和二甲苯超過0.1 ppm（part per million）的環(huán)氧地板涂料和其它地板涂料,。
c. Use a powder-coating system to paint all painted metal shelving surfaces (including map cases, museum cabinets, etc.) used within all records areas. The powder-coating polymer must be a polyester epoxy hybrid or best equivalent available that passes NWT-conducted or independent lab tests for hardness, coating stability, bending, coating adhesion, and coating durability. The paint must not exceed the off-gassing limits specified in Appendix B. Do not apply powder coating to the metal surfaces onsite in the storage area.
c. 要選擇表面應(yīng)用環(huán)氧樹脂粉末涂料漆的金屬檔案柜架,。粉末涂料聚合物必須是聚酯環(huán)氧混合漆或者質(zhì)量通過NWT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢測的，或者通過了其它獨立檢測機構(gòu)檢測的硬度,、涂料穩(wěn)定性,、彎曲性能、 表面粘附力和涂料耐久性試驗,。所有涂料必須符合此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的附件2（譯者注：指美國國家檔案館空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）,。嚴(yán)禁在檔案庫房施工涂刷金屬柜架。
d. If ceiling pipe or exterior stack wall metal panels are to be painted, use an acrylic water reducible primer covered by two latex paint coats. 
d.對于天花板中的金屬管道或者外部暴露的金屬管道和金屬附件,，要用丙烯酸類水基防銹底漆處理，然后用雙組份水基乳膠漆涂料涂刷,。

1571.13 What finishing materials are prohibited in areas where records are used or stored?
什么材料禁止在檔案館內(nèi)墻面上使用,？

The following materials are not permitted in the areas where records are used, processed, exhibited and stored, including vaults, but may be used in other areas of the facility. For renovated facilities, this paragraph does not apply to previously installed or applied materials.
以下材料禁止在檔案庫房、檔案工作間,、檔案展廳墻面上使用,。此段落不適用于經(jīng)更新改建成的檔案館設(shè)施，不涉及早先安裝和應(yīng)用的材料,。
a. Cellulose nitrate lacquers and adhesives;
a. 硝酸纖維素表面涂料和粘合劑,；
b. Polyurethane products, including paints, varnishes, and foams;
b.聚氨酯類產(chǎn)品，包括表面涂料漆類和泡沫材料,；
c. Acid-curing silicone sealants and adhesives;
c.酸性自固化硅樹脂密封劑和粘合劑,；
d. Sulfur containing materials that could release SO2;
d.會釋放出二氧化硫的含硫材料；
e. Pressure sensitive adhesives that release VOCs;
e.會釋放出有機揮發(fā)物的壓敏膠帶,；
f. Unstable chlorine polymers (PVCs);
f.不穩(wěn)定的含氯高分子材料,；
g. Formaldehyde emitting compounds, such as might be found in particle boards;
g.會釋放甲醛的材料，例如顆粒板,；
h. Vinyls; and
h.苯乙烯類表面涂料和清漆,；
i. Oil-based paints and varnishes.
i.油基表面涂料和清漆。

1571.14 What materials may be used in records storage areas and records areas, and how is their suitability determined?
怎樣確定使用于檔案庫房和檔案工作區(qū)域的材料是否無害,？
a. Finishing materials, such as paints, finishes, fabrics, carpeting, and floor and wall coverings, used in areas where records are processed, stored, or exhibited for any purpose, must be approved by NWT. NWT may need to test or direct the testing of materials to determine suitability and render approval. Sufficient time to undertake testing must be incorporated into planning and construction schedules.
a.在檔案庫房,、檔案室工作間和檔案展廳使用的內(nèi)部裝飾材料，例如內(nèi)墻表面涂料,、紡織品,、地毯、地板和壁紙必須經(jīng)過美國國家館檔案技術(shù)保護部門（NWT）批準(zhǔn)。NWT可能經(jīng)過試驗或者直接檢測決定是否無害,。檢測時間應(yīng)當(dāng)列入建筑計劃和施工進度表,。
b. Cleaning supplies used in areas where records are regularly present should be selected carefully to minimize potential damage to records. NWT will provide more specific guidance on how to select appropriate products, and types of products or specific products whose use is restricted or prohibited.
b.對于檔案區(qū)域使用的清潔劑， 要經(jīng)過精心挑選檢測,，將對檔案潛在損害的可能性降低到最低,。NWT將提供更詳細(xì)的選擇商品指南，以及怎么樣選擇這類商品,，以及限制使用的商品種類和禁止使用的商品種類,。

1571.15 Are carpeting and wall coverings permitted?
是否允許使用地毯和墻飾？
Carpeting, vinyl tiles, and wall coverings are not permitted in the records storage areas, but may be used in other parts of the archival facility. Carpeting, vinyl tiles and wall coverings that minimize off gassing of VOCs must be used in areas where records are regularly present. 
在檔案保存庫房禁止使用地毯,、地面革和墻飾,，但是在檔案館的有關(guān)設(shè)施和設(shè)備上有可能可以用。如果某檔案存在區(qū)域一定要用地毯,、地面革和墻飾,，那么一定要選擇有機物揮發(fā)性最低的商品。