2012版英語一輪語法詳細(xì)學(xué)案：狀語從句

時間狀語從句
(1)表示時間的狀語從句可以由when,，whenever，as,，while,，before，until,，ever since，as soon as等詞引導(dǎo),。
As a young man (＝When he was a young man),，he was fond of hunting.他年輕時，喜歡打獵,。
When the rain stopped,，students rushed out of the classroom.
雨停了，學(xué)生們沖出教室,。
My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.
我做作業(yè)時母親在做飯,。
We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.
我們剛要出發(fā)，突然下起雨來,。
It will be half a year before I come back.
我半年之后才回來。
(2)名詞詞組引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句：every/each time每一次,；the moment/minute那時(一……就……),；the first/second time 第一/二次；the last time最后一次,；the day那一天,；the week那一周等。
Every time I see him,，he looks miserable.
每次我看見他,，他都是一副愁眉苦臉的樣子。
He said he’d phone you the moment he got home.
他說他一到家就給你打電話,。
(3)as soon as,，instantly，directly,，immediately等表示從句動作一發(fā)生,，主句動作隨即發(fā)生，通常意為“一……就……”,，也可引起表示時間的狀語從句,。
The moment I saw it，I fell in love with it.
我一看見它就愛上了它,。
Directly I had done it,，I knew I had made a mistake.
我一做完,，就知道犯了個錯誤。
He rushed upstairs immediately he heard a loud noise.
他一聽到大的響動就沖上了樓梯,。
(4)no sooner...than 和hardly...when引導(dǎo)的從句表示“剛……就……”,。主句中的動詞一般用過去完成時，從句用過去時,。若把no sooner,，hardly提到句首，主句須倒裝,。
No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.
他剛坐下,，電話鈴就響了。
Hardly had the game begun when it started to rain.
比賽剛剛開始,，天就開始下起雨來,。
條件狀語從句
引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞有：if，unless (＝if...not除非),，so/as long as (只要),，in case (萬一)，on condition that (條件是),，suppose/supposing (假設(shè),，如果)，provided that (如果)等,。
Don’t come in unless I let you.別進(jìn)來,，除非我允許,。
As long as you don’t lose heart,，you will succeed.
只要你不灰心，你會成功的,。
Suppose/Supposing (that) they refuse us,，who else can we turn to for help？倘若他們拒絕我們,，我們還能向誰求助呢,？
原因狀語從句
原因狀語從句常用because，since,，as,，for引導(dǎo)，還可用seeing that(既然),，now that(既然),，considering that/who/how...(考慮到……)，in that(因?yàn)?,，not that...but that (不是因?yàn)椤且驗(yàn)?等引導(dǎo),。
Now that they’ve got to know each other a little better,，they get along just fine.
由于彼此之間有了進(jìn)一步了解，他們相處的不錯,。
John did quite well in his exams considering how little he studied.考慮到約翰才學(xué)了那么一點(diǎn)點(diǎn),，他考得已很不錯了。
The situation is rather complicated in that we have two managing directors.由于我們有兩位總經(jīng)理,，所以情況很復(fù)雜,。
讓步狀語從句
讓步狀語從句由though(although)，even if(even though),，no matter how/where/what...,，whatever，however,，whoever等引導(dǎo)。
Although the car is old,，it still runs well.
汽車雖然很舊,，但跑起來仍然不錯。
No matter how hard he tried,，he couldn’t get her to change her mind.不管他怎樣努力勸說,，也沒能使她改變主意。
目的狀語從句
目的狀語從句常由that,，so that,，in order that，lest(以免,，以防)，for fear that等引導(dǎo),，放在主句之后。目的狀語從句常用情態(tài)動詞may(might),，can(could)等,。lest，for fear that后面常用“(should)＋動詞原形”的虛擬語氣,。
We pray that he may recover soon.
我們祈求他早日康復(fù),。
結(jié)果狀語從句
結(jié)果狀語從句由so that，so...that,，such that,，such...that等詞引導(dǎo),。
Many contestants later failed drug tests，so that the race had to be rerun.許多參賽者后來都沒有通過藥檢,，賽跑只得重新進(jìn)行。
The nature of the job was such that he felt obliged to tell no one about it.這種工作的性質(zhì)就是如此,，他覺得只好秘而不宣了。
方式狀語從句
方式狀語從句由as,，just as,，as if，as though等詞引導(dǎo),。
We’d better leave things as they are until the police arrive.
在警察到來之前,，我們最好保持現(xiàn)場原樣。
You look as if you’ve had a good time.
你看起來好像玩得挺開心,。
比較狀語從句
比較狀語從句由as...as,，than，not so...as,，the more...the more等詞引導(dǎo),。
My brother is not as old as me.我弟弟年紀(jì)沒我大。
It’s a beautiful dress but it’s much more than I can afford.
這件連衣裙很漂亮,，不過太貴了,。
地點(diǎn)狀語從句
地點(diǎn)狀語從句由where，wherever,，anywhere,，everywhere等詞引導(dǎo)。
Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions.
有疑點(diǎn)或問題的地方你做個標(biāo)記,。(地點(diǎn)狀語從句)
Make a mark at the place where you have any doubts or questions.在有疑點(diǎn)或問題的地方做個標(biāo)記,。(定語從句)
We should go where the Party needs us most.
我們應(yīng)到黨最需要我們的地方去。
Where there is a will,，there is a way.有志者,，事竟成。
Wherever there is smoke,，there is a fire.
無火不生煙,。(無風(fēng)不起浪)
Bamboo grows well where it has plenty of rain.
竹子在雨水充足的地方長得好。
If you could go wherever you wanted to in the world,，where would you go,？如果世界上任何地方你想去就能去的話，你會去哪兒,？
1．The little girl who got lost decided to remain________she was and wait for her mother.
A．where　　　　　　　　  B．what
C．how       D．who
【解析】　remain在此意為“留下,，逗留”,，where she was在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。句意為：這個迷路的小女孩決定待在原來的地方等待她的媽媽,。
【答案】　A
2．—Shall we have our picnic tomorrow?
—________it doesn’t rain.
A．Until       B．While
C．Once       D．If
【解析】　 句意為：“明天我們?nèi)ヒ安秃脝?？”“只要不下?就去)”。
【答案】　D
3．You may use the room as you like________you clean it up afterwards.
A．so far as        B．so long as
C．in case             D．even if
【解析】　句意為：你可以任意使用這個房間,，只要你事后把它打掃干凈,。so far as就……而言；so long as＝as long as表示唯一條件“只要”,；in case以防,，萬一；even if即使,，盡管,。
【答案】　B
4．She had just finished her homework________her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.
A．when         B．while
C．a(chǎn)fter          D．since
【解析】　句意為：昨天她剛做完作業(yè)，她媽媽就讓她練鋼琴,。when在本句中作并列連詞,，意為：and at that time。while作并列連詞,，表示“對比轉(zhuǎn)折”,；after為從屬連詞或介詞,，意為“在……之后”,；since自從……時候，既然……
【答案】　A
5．The medicine works more effectively________you drink some hot water after taking it.
A．a(chǎn)s               B．until
C．a(chǎn)lthough          D．if
【解析】　句意為：這種藥如果你熱水送服,，會更加有效,。if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。
【答案】　D
6．It just isn’t fair________I was working as a waiter last month,，my friends were lying on the beach.
A．whenever     B．though
C．for      D．while
【解析】　本題句意為：這真不公平,。上個月當(dāng)我在做服務(wù)員的時候，我的朋友們正躺在沙灘上,。表示“與此同時”用while,，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。
【答案】　D
7．—I wonder how much you charge for your service.
—The first two are free________the third costs $30.
A．while     B．until
C．when    D．before
【解析】　考查連詞的用法,。根據(jù)句意,，這里表示前后句之間的對比，所以用while,，表示“而”,。語意是“前面兩項(xiàng)服務(wù)是免費(fèi)的，而第三項(xiàng)收費(fèi)30美元”,。
【答案】　A
8．Peter was so excited________he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.
A．where     B．that
C．Why     D．when
【解析】　句意為：當(dāng)Peter的朋友邀請他來重慶時,，他很是興奮,。此題考查狀語從句，只有when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句符合題意,。
【答案】　D
9．Owen wouldn’t eat anything________he cooked it himself.
A．until    B．since
C．unless    D．while
【解析】　句意為：歐文只吃他自己做的東西,。not...until...直到……才……；since自從……以來,；unless除非,；while當(dāng)……時候，而,，雖然,。
【答案】　C
10．My parents don’t mind what job I do________I am happy.
A．even though    B．a(chǎn)s soon as
C．a(chǎn)s long as     D．a(chǎn)s though
【解析】　考查連詞。even though即使,；as soon as一……就……,；as long as只要；as though仿佛,。句意為：我父母不介意我做任何工作,，只要我高興。故as long as符合語境,。
【答案】　C
11．________the Internet is bridging the distance between people,，it may also break some families or cause other family problems.
A．When     B．If
C．While     D．Since
【解析】　考查狀語從句。while置于句首,，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,，意為“雖然，盡管”,。句意為：因特網(wǎng)雖可拉近人與人之間的距離,，但也可能破壞一些家庭或者引起其他家庭問題。
【答案】　C
12．He was so  deep in thought,，thinking of the problem________he knocked into the tree without noticing it.
A．when     B．while
C．Because    D．that
【解析】　考查狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞,。so...that表示“如此，以致”,。他思考問題太投入了,，以致一不留神兒撞到了樹上。
【答案】　D
13．—What do you think about the new teacher?
—________the new teacher is an elegant lady,，she can be extremely difficult to work with.
A．As if    B．As long as
C．Because    D．While
【解析】　while表示“盡管”,。句意為：盡管新老師是一位很文雅的女士，但是和她一起工作可能很難,。
【答案】　D
14．Don’t be afraid of asking your teachers for help________it is needed.
A．a(chǎn)s     B．since
C．unless    D．when
【解析】　考查連詞,。句意為“如有需要，不要害怕向老師問問題”。此處when相當(dāng)于if,，表示條件,，其他不符合語意。
【答案】　D
15．We had to be patient because it________some time________we got the full results.
A．has been,；since    B．had been,；until
C．was；after     D．would be,；before
【解析】　在“it＋be＋一段時間＋before/after/since＋從句”句型中,，before從句中的動作經(jīng)過一段時間后才會實(shí)現(xiàn)；after從句中的動作發(fā)生后已經(jīng)過去了一段時間,；since從句中的動作完成后到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有一段時間了,。結(jié)合題意可知，答案為D,。
【答案】　D
16．—What should we pay more attention to if we go north in winter,，Mum?
—Nothing much.Take warm clothes________the weather is cold.
A．a(chǎn)s long as    B．now that
C．if     D．in case
【解析】　as long as意思是“只要”，表示條件,；now that意思是“既然,，由于”，表示原因,；if意思是“如果”,，表示條件；in case意思是“以防”,，表示條件,。根據(jù)語意可知本題的答案選D。
【答案】　D
17．There are,，________you don’t mind me saying so,，several problems with this idea of yours.
A．if      B．unless
C．a(chǎn)lthough     D．because
【解析】　考查連詞的用法,。句意為：如果你不介意我這么說,，你的想法存在若干問題。本句中的“if you don’t mind me saying so”是插入語,，表示委婉的語氣,。
【答案】　A
18．________there is little we can do to modify the weather，we can at least know what kind of weather to expect.
A．Since    B．When
C．While    D．Unless
【解析】　考查狀語從句,。While在此引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,，意為“盡管，雖然”,。
【答案】　C
19．My mother likes everything in order,，and she always reminds us to put things back________we get them from.
A．so that     B．in which
C．once     D．where
【解析】　考查狀語從句。where we get them from是地點(diǎn)狀語從句,。
【答案】　D
20．—I may go to the market this afternoon.
—Could you please buy some fruit for me________you are there?
A．since     B．if
C．while     D．a(chǎn)s
【解析】　考查連詞的用法,。對方只是說可能會去市場(may go to the market),，因此答語中用if符合語境，即你如果(if)去的話,，能幫我買些水果嗎,？
【答案】　B
21．—What do you think I should wear for such a formal press conference?
—Dress________you like.
A．how      B．what
C．whatever      D．however
【解析】　考查狀語從句,。dress作及物動詞時，賓語為人；本題中的Dress為不及物動詞,，所以后面應(yīng)該接一個狀語從句。句意為：你想怎么穿都行,。
【答案】　D
22．I had no idea of the exact address of Xinhua High School________I was outside its front gate.
A．when    B．a(chǎn)fter
C．until    D．because
【解析】　考查狀語從句,。根據(jù)語意“我到新華中學(xué)的校門口時才知道這學(xué)校的準(zhǔn)確地址”可知C項(xiàng)正確。
【答案】　C
23．________some people come here for a short break,，others have decided to stay forever.
A．Because     B．If
C．Once       D．While
【解析】　考查連詞,。句意為：雖然有些人來此只是短暫停留，有些人卻已經(jīng)決定在這里定居了,。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,，if和once引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，while意為“雖然”,，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,。
【答案】　D
24．________you’ve experienced it，you can’t understand how I felt.
A．Once     B．Because
C．Unless     D．While
【解析】　考查狀語從句,。句意為：如果你沒體驗(yàn)過,，你不會知道我的感受。unless＝if not“如果不”,，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,。
【答案】　C
25．—Haven’t seen Lucy recently，what’s happened?
—Oh,，it’s more than two months________she worked here.
A．which     B．that
C．before     D．since
【解析】　考查it’s...since...結(jié)構(gòu),。表示動作自過去發(fā)生至今有多久。但該結(jié)構(gòu)從句中謂語動詞的性質(zhì)決定最終的意義,。從句中謂語動詞為瞬間性動詞,，則表該瞬間動作發(fā)生至今時間多久；若從句中謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞,，則表示該延續(xù)動詞動作終止至今時間多久,。work屬延續(xù)性動詞 ，該句意為“她不在這兒工作已經(jīng)有兩個多月了”,，顯然,，本題的答案為D。
【答案】　D