Unit 11-15重點內(nèi)容

一. 語法要點：賓語從句

(一)賓語從句: 賓語從句在復合句中做主句的賓語,，做動詞,、介詞或形容詞賓語的從句。 
1. 做動詞的賓語： I think (that) you will like the pictures.

（連接詞that無意義,，在從句中不充當任何成分,，可以省略）

2. 做介詞賓語： They are worrying about whether/if they can get there in time.
                You can write about whatever topic you can think of.
3. 做形容詞賓語：Are you sure what you will do next?
                 I'm afraid that he will fail in the exam.

(二)賓語從句三要素：引導詞、語序,、時態(tài)

賓語從句：一個從句在復合句中作了主句中謂語動詞的賓語,，由于它在整個句子中作賓語，故稱之為賓語從句,。它有三要素：引導詞,，語序，時態(tài),。

1.      語序：所有的賓語從句都用陳述句語序,，即：主語+謂語

2.      引導詞：①陳述句轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語從句，用that, 在口語中常省略,。

We don’t know. He was late for school yesterday. (改為含賓語從句的復合句)

→We don’t know that he was late for school yesterday.

  ②特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語從句,，用該句的疑問詞作引導詞。

Could you tell me? Where is the post office ?  (改為含賓語從句的復合句)

→Could you tell me where the post office is?

   ③一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語從句,，用if 或 whether

He asks, “Is she a teacher?” (改為含賓語從句的復合句) →He asks if /whether she is a teacher.

3.    時態(tài)：①主句謂語動詞為一般現(xiàn)在時,，從句根據(jù)需要選用時態(tài)

I hear that he _will be_ (be) back in a few months.

I hear that he has _been (be) back for a month.

        ②主句謂語動詞為一般過去時，從句要用相應(yīng)的過去的時態(tài),。

I heard that he would be (be) back in a few months.

    ③當賓語從句敘述的是自然規(guī)律,，真理，定理時,，不管主句的時態(tài)如何,，賓語從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時。

            He said the Changjiang River   is   (be) the longest in China.

            Grandpa said that the moon moves (move) around the earth.

   ④在做“用賓語從句連接句子”時,，若主句的時態(tài)為一般過去時,，則賓語從句的時態(tài)要作相應(yīng)變化：

一般現(xiàn)在時→一般過去時；現(xiàn)在進行時→過去進行時,；

一般將來時→過去將來時,；現(xiàn)在完成時→過去完成時

     a. Where does Mr. Green work? They wanted to know.→They wanted to know where Mr. Green ______.

b. What is he looking for? She asked. →She asked what he____  _____for.

c. She has lived here for ten years. Mrs. Read said. →Mr. Read said that she ____ _____here for ten years. （三）注意點：

1.     否定前移：當主句主語為I 、we 時,，動詞為think, believe,，如從句中含有否定，那么該否定要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中,。

I think. It won’t rain tomorrow. (改為含賓語從句的復合句) →I don’t think it will rain tomorrow.

2.     “兩副面孔”

if 和when既能引導狀語從句,，又能連接賓語從句。

①I don’t know if he will come tomorrow.

( if 譯為“是否”,，這句是賓語從句 )

②If he comes tomorrow, I will tell him about it.

( if 譯為“如果”,，這句是條件狀語從句，從句中必須用一般現(xiàn)在時 )

③I don’t know when he will come.

( when譯為“什么時候”,，這句是賓語從句 )

④When he comes tomorrow, I will tell him about it.

( when譯為“當……時”,，時間狀語從句，從句中必須用一般現(xiàn)在時 )

一. 單項填空

1. Do you know _______ during the coming summer holiday?

  A. what will Tom do    B. what did Tom do     C. what Tom will do    D. what Tom did

2. Mr. King didn’t know _______ yesterday evening.

  A. when does his son come home         B. when his son comes home

  C. when did his son come home          D. when his son came home

3. He wanted to know ___________.

   A. whether he speaks at the meeting         B. when the meeting would start

   C. what he’s going to do at the meeting      D. where would the meeting be held

4. ---Could you tell me _________ the Bamboo Garden?     ---The day after tomorrow, I think.

   A. when will you visit    B. when you will visit   C. when would you visit    D. when you would visit

5. Would you please tell me _________ next, Mr Wang?

   A. what should we do      B. we should do what    C. what we should do      D. should we do what

二,、句型轉(zhuǎn)換,。每空一詞。
6. Does her mother work in that hospital? Could you tell us? （合并成一個句子）
      Could you tell us _____ her mother _____ in that hospital?
7. Who is the best student in her class? The teacher can't tell me. （合并成一個句子）
      The teacher can't tell _____ _____ _____ _____ student in her class.
8. How many students are there in your class? Please tell me. （合并成一個句子）
      Please tell me _____ _____ students _____ _____ in your class.
9. He knows. Where has she been? （合并成一個句子）
      He knows _____ _____ _____ been.
10. The teacher told the children. The sun goes up in the east every day. （合并成一個句子）
     The teacher told the children _____ the sun _____ up in the east every day.

二.  本單元重要句子：

1) There is always something happening  ( there be + 主語 + V-ing…)

2) Watertown is a great place for the family to take a vacation

  Zoo are terrible places for animals to live  ( Unit 15)

3) Parents will spend many happy hours walking through the History Museum.

( 用 It takes sb some time to do sth. 改寫)

a. Sb spends some time (in ) doing sth.     b. Sb spends some time on sth.

Unit 12    You are supposed to shake hands

一,、           語法要點：be supposed to do sth = should do sth

1.      ---What are you supposed to do? ---I am supposed to kiss.

2.      ---When were you suppose to do? ---I was supposed to arrive at 7:00.

Unit 13    Rainy days make me sad

語法要點： make + 賓語 + 賓語補足語 

1) make sb/ sth + adj.  使某人/某事（變得）…… ( make me angry )

2) make/let /help sb do sth  ( make me sing )

1. Loud music makes me tense ( make me sad / happy / relaxed / hungry /sleepy )

2. Loud music makes me want to dance 

  He made his sister laugh again. ( His sister was made to laugh again by him )

Unit 14  　Have you pack yet?

語法要點：現(xiàn)在完成時

Unit 15  　We are trying to save the manatees.

語法要點：復習（現(xiàn)在進行時,、一般現(xiàn)在時、被動語態(tài),、現(xiàn)在完成時,、used to do sth. ）

1. 現(xiàn)在進行時：is/am/are + V-ing  

2. 一般現(xiàn)在時：

3. 被動語態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時被動式  is/am/are + V-過去分詞( p.p.)

             一般過去時被動式  was/were + V-過去分詞( p.p.)

              情態(tài)動詞被動式  was/were + V-過去分詞( p.p.)