2,、  有名管道
有名管道可用于兩個無關(guān)的進程之間的通信,。它的實現(xiàn)函數(shù)是：
int mkfifo(const char *filename, mode_t mode)
//創(chuàng)建一個名為filename的管道，模式可選為讀或?qū)懛绞?，阻塞或非阻塞方式等?br>下面一個實例演示了mkfifo的使用,。Fifo_read.c不斷從管道文件里讀數(shù)據(jù)，fifo_write.c往管道文件里寫數(shù)據(jù),。改變sleep的值也會產(chǎn)生類似上面進程同步的問題,，而會發(fā)現(xiàn)一些緩沖區(qū)的特性。
兩個程序用gcc編譯后在兩個終端里運行,。
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//fifo_read.c
//創(chuàng)建有名管道,，演示兩個不相關(guān)的進程之間的通信
//int mkfifo(const char *filename, mode_t mode)
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include

#define FIFO "/home/huang/myfifo"

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
       int fd;
       int nread;
       char buf_r[100];
       if(mkfifo("/home/huang/myfifo",O_CREAT|O_EXCL)
       {
              perror("mkfifo:");
              printf("cann't create fifoserver\n");
              return -1;
       }
       printf("Preparing for reading bytes...\n");
       fd=open(FIFO,O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK,0);
       if(fd==-1)
       {
              perror("open!\n");
              exit(1);
       }
       while(1)
       {
              memset(buf_r,0,sizeof(buf_r));
              if((nread=read(fd,buf_r,sizeof(buf_r)))==-1)
              {
                     if(errno==EAGAIN)
                            printf("no data yet\n");
              }
              printf("read %s from FIFO\n",buf_r);
              sleep(1);
       }
       pause();
       unlink(FIFO);
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//fifo_write.c
//創(chuàng)建有名管道，演示兩個不相關(guān)的進程之間的通信
//int mkfifo(const char *filename, mode_t mode)
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include

#define FIFO "/home/huang/myfifo"

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
       int fd;
       char w_buf[100];
       int nwrite;
       if(argc==1)
       {
              printf("please send some message\n");
              exit(1);   
       }
       fd=open(FIFO,O_WRONLY|O_NONBLOCK,0);
       if(fd==-1)
       {
              if(errno==ENXIO)
                     printf("open error;no reading process\n");
              perror("open:");
              return -1;
       }
       memset(w_buf,'a',sizeof(w_buf));
       printf("sizeof(w_buf)=%d\n",sizeof(w_buf));
       while(1)
       {
              if((nwrite=write(fd,w_buf,strlen(w_buf)))==-1)
              {
                     if(errno==EAGAIN)
                            printf("The FIFO has not been write yet.\n");
                     perror("write");
              //     else
                     //     printf("error in writting!\n");
              }
              else
                     printf("write %s to the FIFO\n",w_buf);
              sleep(2);
       }
       close(fd);
}