時間:2010-08-12 來源:胸部腫瘤研究 作者:楊學寧編輯整理 硝酸甘油 50mg + NS 40ml 0.6ml/h (10ug/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 硝 普 鈉 50mg + NS 50ml 0.6ml/h (10ug/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多巴胺 200mg + NS 30ml 4ml/h (5ug/kg/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多巴酚丁胺 200mg + NS 30ml 4ml/h (5ug/kg/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 去甲腎上腺素 50mg + NS 25 mL 1.5ml/h (0.5ug/kg/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 胰島素 50u +NS 50ml 5ml/h (0.1u/kg/h kg=50)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 阿端(哌庫溴銨) 0.08mg-0.1mg/kg 4mg-5mg 腎功能不全不超過0.04mg/kg 2mgKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 仙林(維庫溴銨) 70-100ug/kg 3.5-5mg/h (kg=50)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 咪唑安定 15mg + NS 15 ml 2ml/h (2mg/h)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 施他寧 3mg + NS 50ml 4.1ml/h (250ug/h)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 嗎啡 10mg + NS 9mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 可達龍(胺碘酮) 首劑150 mg + NS 20 mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 維持 300 mg + NS 44ml 小于等于6 ml(35mg/h)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 異丙酚 首劑 40mg 維持 40mg/hKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 尼莫同 起始2小時 1mg/h (>70kg) 或 0.5mg/h(<50kg)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 可耐受者2小時后 2mg/hKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 氨茶堿 起始 250mg+ NS 40ml (30min內(nèi))Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 維持 500mg+NS 50ml (5ml/h)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 利尿合劑 5%葡萄糖 250ml +多巴胺 20mg+立其丁 5-10mg+速尿 80mgKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 仙林(維庫溴銨) 首劑 0.08-0.1mg/kg 補充 0.03---0.05mg/kgKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 地高辛 首劑 1-1.5mg/d 維持量 0.25-0.5mg/dKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多巴酚丁胺 20-40mg+100mlGS(40---120mg/d) 2.5-10ug/kg/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 利多卡因首劑 50mg iv 無效 100mg /5-10min (<=500-800mg)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 維持 400mg +GS 500ml (<=1000-1500mg/d)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 胺碘酮 首劑 5-10mg/kg iv 維持 300mg ivgtt <=30minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 去甲腎上腺素 首劑 2mg/次 8-12ug/min 維持 2---4ug/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 阿拉明0.015-0.1g + NS 500ml ( 0.2---0.4mg/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 常用藥物輸注計算Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 藥名 微泵藥物濃度配制 數(shù)字顯示 輸入劑量 常用劑量 Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups (mg/50ml) (ml/h)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多巴胺 體重(kg)×3 1 1.0μg/(kg?min) 5--20μg/(kg?min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 硝普鈉 體重(kg)×3 1 1.0μg/(kg?min) 0.5--8μg/(kg?min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 硝酸甘油 體重(kg)×0.3 0. 1μg/(kg?min) 1--5μg/(kg?min)最大劑量10μg/(kg?min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多巴酚丁胺 體重(kg)×3 1 1.0μg/(kg?min) 5--20μg/(kg?min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 腎上腺素 體重(kg)×0.03 1 0.01μg/(kg?min) 0.01—0.2μg/(kg?min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 以上用藥僅供參考,,具體用藥視病人情況而定。 Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 常用藥物用量配法算Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多巴胺:(公斤體重×3)mg 稀釋至50ml 如泵速為1ml/h,泵入量為1μg/kg/min ,常用劑量1-20μg/kg/min,;起始劑量5μg/kg/min,;Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多巴酚丁胺:配法同多巴胺,常用劑量1-20μg/kg/min,起始劑量1μg/kg/min,;Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 硝普鈉: 5%GS50ml+硝普鈉50mg,即1mg/ml(1000μg/ml),,常用劑量10-200μg/min或0.1-2μg/kg/min,起始劑量5-10μg/min(0.3-0.6ml/h)。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 硝酸甘油:(公斤體重×0.3)mg 稀釋至50ml 如泵速為1ml/h,泵入量為0.1μg/kg/min 或:NS44ml+硝酸甘油30mg,即0.6mg/ml(600μg/ml),,常用劑量10-200μg/min或0.1-2μg/kg/min,,起始劑量5-10μg/min(0.5-1ml/h)。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 去甲腎上腺素:(公斤體重×0.3)mg 稀釋至50ml 如泵速為1ml/h,泵入量為0.1μg/kg/min常用劑量0.1-2μg/kg/min,,起始劑量0.1μg/kg/min(應經(jīng)中心靜脈使用去甲腎上腺素)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 腎上腺素:配法同去甲腎上腺素, 起始劑量為0.1μg/kg/min,,常用劑量為0.1-1μg/kg/min(盡可能經(jīng)中心靜脈用藥)嚴重低血壓及過敏性休克0.3-0.5mg ih或ivKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 異丙腎上腺素:(公斤體重×0.03)mg 稀釋至50ml 如泵速為1ml/h,泵入量為0.01μg/kg/min起始劑量0.01μg/kg/min,以目標心率為終點,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 胺碘酮:胺碘酮450mg用5%葡萄糖稀釋到45ml,即10mg/ml,,150mg iv bolus(10分鐘),60mg/h×6h,30mg/h×18h,20mg/h維持3天,,24小時總量不超過1.2gKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 心律平:規(guī)格70mg/20ml 70mg用5%葡萄糖液稀釋到50ml,iv bolus(10分鐘),,密切觀察心率及心律,室速或室上速轉(zhuǎn)復后立即停止注射,。必要時20分鐘后可重復,,總量不超過210mg。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 肝素:肝素1支(12500u)加NS至12.5ml,配制成1000U/ml,肝素化時:75U/kg iv bolus,繼以18U/kg?h靜脈泵入,調(diào)整劑量使aPTT-R維持在1.5-2.5,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 嗎啡:配制成1㎎/ml(20㎎/20ml,或50mg/50ml),5mg iv bolus,繼以3mg/h泵入,,<1mg/kg。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 常用靜脈泵入藥物的配制及應用方法(供參考)立其?。篘S45ml+立其丁50mg配制成1mg/ml(1000μg/ml),常用劑量300-500μg/min,,起始劑量為100μg/min靜脈泵入。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 利多卡因:抽取原液5支(200mg/10ml?支)即20 mg/ml,,首劑1.5mg/kg iv bolus,無效可每隔8分鐘重復0.5mg/kg直到總量達3mg/kg,復律成功后2-4mg/min維持,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 垂體后葉素:NS30ml+垂體后葉素60U,即2 U/ml,消化道出血常用劑量0.2-0.4 U/min,;咯血常用劑量0.1 U/min,;尿崩癥患者根據(jù)尿量調(diào)整,起始劑量0.1-0.2 U/min,;感染性休克頑固性低血壓患者,,常用劑量為0.01-0.04U/min。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 施他寧:配制成250μg/ml,先給負荷量250μg iv bolus,然后以250μg/h靜脈泵入,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 安定:先10mg iv bolus,繼以5mg/h泵入,,最大100mg/d.Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 德巴金(注射用丙戊酸鈉):規(guī)格400mg/支 配制成10mg/ml,首劑400mg(15mg/kg), iv bolus,大于5分鐘,維持60mg/h(1-2mg/kg/h).Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 尼莫通:規(guī)格10mg/50ml 起始量0.2mg/h(1ml/h),根據(jù)血壓情況依次遞增至全量2mg/h,,維持到蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血后的10-14天,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 氨茶堿:0.5 稀釋至50ml配制成10mg/ml,成人負荷劑量5mg/kg, iv bolus,,速度<25mg/min.(一般成人氨茶堿0.25,,靜注15分鐘即可)維持劑量0.5-0.7mg/kg/h??蓮?0mg/h(2ml/h)開始,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 胰島素:配制成1U/ml,起始速度1U/h,根據(jù)血糖調(diào)整。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 阿曲庫銨:首劑 0.3-0.5mg/kg (標準速度9-10ug/kg/min), iv,再5-9ug/kg/min維持Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 硫酸鎂:負荷劑量25%硫酸鎂10ml稀釋1倍,,iv bolus.維持劑量:25%硫酸鎂4.0加入5%葡萄糖溶液或生理鹽水250ml,,1-3ml/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 維庫溴銨:首劑 0.075mg/kg iv,再0.075mg/kg/h維持Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 芬太尼: 先負荷4--20u/kg,再維持2-10u/(kg.h)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 奧曲肽: 初始量0.1mg iv(>5min),再維持0.025-0.05mg/hKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 咪達唑侖: 先iv 2-3mg/kg,再維持0.05mg/(kg.h)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 雙異丙酚: 0.3-0.4mg/(kg.h)泵入,規(guī)格200mg/20mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 依托咪酯: 10ug/(kg.min) 泵入 規(guī)格20mg/10mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 1.酚妥拉明(立其丁):為α受體阻斷劑,以擴張小動脈為主,,靜滴以0.1mg/min始,5~10min調(diào)整一次量,,最大可增至1.5~2.0mg/min,,注意測血壓以防Bp驟降。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 2.異丙腎上腺素:是β1,、β2受體興奮劑,,作用為加強心肌收縮力,加快心率、加快傳導速度,,以及中等度擴張血管作用,,使心肌耗氧量增加,增加心肌應激性,,引起心律失常,。有冠心病者忌用,因易引起嚴重的心律失常,。劑量為0.1~0.2mg%,,成人2~4μg/kg min,(兒童0.05~0.2μg/min),相當于2mg加入5% GS 250ml中10gtt/min,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 3.多巴胺:興奮α,、β受體。一般2~5mg/kg min,。如5% GS 250ml含多巴胺80mg,,則320μg/ml,相當于5.4μg/kg min,,主要興奮多巴胺受體,,內(nèi)臟血管、腎血管擴張,。6~15μg/kg min時,,主要興奮β受體,心肌收縮力增強,。(以上濃度2~3ml/min),。還有心輸出量增加,而對心率的影響相對較少,,較少引起心律失常,,對β2的影響較少。若>20mg/kg min以上濃度或4ml/min時,,主要興奮α受體,,腎血管收縮。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 4.多巴酚丁胺:為多巴胺的洐生物,,常用于心源性休克,,具有α、β腎上腺素能作用的擬交感N藥物,,對心臟正性肌力作用較多巴胺強,,能增加心排量和收縮壓,降低肺楔壓,,明顯改善心泵功能,,對外周血管作用不明顯,小劑量有輕度收縮血管效應,較大劑量時有雙重效應,。常量2.5~10μg/kg min,,相當于5% GS 250ml中加入多巴酚丁胺40mg。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 5.去甲腎上腺素:α受體興奮劑,,血管收縮強,,一般用作上消化道出血口服。必要升壓時靜滴,,0.5~2.0mg%,,4~8μg/min。即5% GS 250ml加入去甲腎2mg,,相當8μg/ml,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 6.硝普鈉:動-靜脈擴張劑,12.5~25μg/min始,,5~10min調(diào)整一次量,,相當于5% GS 500ml加入硝普鈉50mg,即100μg/ml,,應用5gtt/min,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 7.硝酸甘油:擴張小靜脈,降低回心血量,,使LVEDP及肺血管壓降低,。10μg/min始,在5% GS 250ml加入硝甘5mg,,10gtt/min,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 常用搶救藥物泵入量設置方法Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 硝酸甘油 5mg/mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 50mg+NS40ml /iv泵入0.6ml/h(10ug/min),Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 5mg+5%GS500ml iv drip 1ml/min(10ug/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 可用到200ug/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 1. 異舒吉 50mg/50mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 50mg原液(50ml)/iv 泵入5ml/h(5mg/h)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 50mg+5%GS500ml iv drip(5mg/h 50ml/h 13滴/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 2. 硝普鈉 50mg/支Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 50 mg+5%GS 50ml /iv泵入0.6ml/h(10ug/min起始),Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 可用到200-300ug/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 4.多巴胺,多巴酚丁胺 20mg/2mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups (Kg×3)mg加NS至50ml/ iv 泵入,1ml/h 相當于1ug/Kg/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 如:體重60Kg的患者,,用量為: 5ug/Kg/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 180mg+NS32ml / iv 泵入,5ml/hKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 60mg+5%GS500ml iv drip 1ml/min(2ug/Kg/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 500mg (原液)/ iv 泵入 1ml/hr約等于2.8ug/kg/min(60kg)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 5. 壓寧定 50mg/10mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 25mg+NS20ml 慢推可用到400ug/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 250ml原液(50ml)/iv 泵入1.2ml/h(100ug/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 100mg+5%GS500ml iv drip 1ml/min(200ug/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 6.酚妥拉明(瑞支停) 10mg/2mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 50mg+40ml/ iv 泵入2ml/h(2mg/h)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 7.嗎啡 10mg/1mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 50mg + NS 45 ml/iv 泵入,1-6 ml/h(1-6 mg/h)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 8.去甲腎上腺素 2 mg/1mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups (Kg×0.3)mg加NS至50ml/ iv 泵入,1ml/h 相當于0.1ug/Kg/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 如:體重60Kg的患者,,用量為: 0.5ug/Kg/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 18mg+NS 41 ml / iv 泵入,5ml/hKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 常用劑量為0.1-2.0 ug/kg/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 報告最大劑量可達10.0 mcg/kg/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 8.腎上腺素 1 mg/mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups (Kg×0.3)mg加NS至50ml/ iv 泵入,1ml/h 相當于0.1ug/Kg/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 如:體重60Kg的患者,用量為: 0.5ug/Kg/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 18mg+NS 32 ml / iv 泵入, 5 ml/hKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 常用劑量為0.1 - 2.0 ug/kg/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 報告最大劑量可達10.0 mcg/kg/minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 9.異丙腎上腺素 1mg/2mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 1mg+5%GS500ml iv drip 7滴/min(1ug/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 3mg+NS44ml /iv泵入1ml/h(1ug/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 10.利多卡因 400mg/2%20mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 1000mg/ iv 泵入 6ml/h (2mg/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 1000mg+5%GS500ml iv drip 1-2ml/min(2-4mg/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 11.垂體后葉素 6U/1ml 12U-18U入壺Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 用于消化道出血: 300U/iv泵入2-4ml/h(0.2-0.4U/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 102U+5%GS500ml iv dripKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 1-2ml/min(0.2-0.4U/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 咯血:54U+5%GS500ml iv drip 1ml/min(0.1U/min)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 12.思他寧 3mg/支 250 ug/支Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 250ug入壺Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 3mg+NS48ml /iv泵入4ml/h(250ug/h)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 13.肝素 100mg/12500U/2ml/支Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 12500U+NS48ml /iv泵入2ml/h(500U/h) 根據(jù)APTT調(diào)整Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 按照U/kg/hr記錄用量Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 14.艾司洛爾 200mg/5ml →100mg/10mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 5mg/Kg iv 入壺Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 500mg/ iv 泵入 18ml/h(0.05mg/Kg/min, 60Kg, 100mg/10ml)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 劑量可加大,首劑也加大Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 15.安定 50ml純安定(250mg) 5mg/mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 16.善寧 500ug/支Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups NS 50+0.5Mg iv 泵入 5ml/H (5ug/hr)最大50ug/hrKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 17.烏拉地爾(壓寧定) 25mg/5ml/支 控制高血壓Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 先緩慢靜注10-50mg,,監(jiān)測血壓變化,。效果在5分鐘內(nèi)顯示后 維持降壓效果:100mg稀釋成50ml(NS,5-10%GS,,5%果糖均可)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 最大藥物濃度為4mg/mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 初始輸入速度為2mg/min,,維持給藥9mg/hKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 若將250mg烏拉地爾溶解在500ml液體里則1mg烏拉地爾相當于44滴或2.2ml輸入液Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 18.地爾硫卓(合貝爽) 10mg 或50mg /支 冷凍干燥品Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 將10mg或50mg用5ml以上的NS或GS.溶解Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 室上速: 10mg 配成10ml緩慢靜推 單次靜注,可根據(jù)年齡和癥狀增減.Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 高血壓急癥:5-15ug/kg/min 靜脈點滴,當血壓降至目標值后,Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 邊監(jiān)測邊調(diào)整速度Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 不穩(wěn)定心絞痛:1-5ug/kg/min,小劑量開始,最大用量5ug/kg/min.Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 19.硝酸異山梨酯(愛倍) 5ml:5mg ;10ml:10mgKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 25ml+500ml NS或5%GS=50ug/mlaKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 開始劑量:30ug/min,,觀察0.5-1小時,如無不良反應可加倍.Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 20.RI 400u/10mlKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 80u+NS38ml iv 泵入 1ml/hr=2u/hrKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 21.洛賽克Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 8mg/hr 泵入Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 22.氨茶堿Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 0.5+NS30ml iv 泵入 1.5-2.5ml/hr 日總量0.75-1.0Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 血管活性藥物的應用Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 心血管活動的生理調(diào)節(jié)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 自主神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)(交感,、副交感)快速、短期內(nèi)的調(diào)節(jié):Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups ①心血管中樞Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups ②周圍神經(jīng)支配(去甲腎上腺素)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 體液調(diào)節(jié)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups ①腎上腺髓質(zhì)(腎上腺素)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups ②血管內(nèi)皮生成的血管活性物質(zhì)(前列環(huán)素,、NO)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 局部血流調(diào)節(jié)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 動脈血壓的長期調(diào)節(jié)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 用藥分類Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 1 擬傳出神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)類藥物:Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 兒茶酚胺類(腎上腺素能受體激動劑)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups -腎上腺素能受體阻斷劑Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups -腎上腺素能受體阻斷劑Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 2 直接作用于心血管平滑肌系統(tǒng)的藥物:Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 磷酸二酯酶抑制劑Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 洋地黃類Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 硝酸酯類Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 小兒心泵功能的特點Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 心肌細胞直徑小,收縮成分少,故心室收縮和舒張順應性均差--相對來說,,每搏儲備力差,,故更加依賴心率儲備。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 心肌為未成熟心肌,,與成熟心肌的差異是肌漿網(wǎng)與T小管發(fā)育較差,,對鈣的儲備及釋放能力相對弱--對外源性鈣依賴,但缺血期更易引起鈣中介的損傷,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 小兒心血管系統(tǒng)迷走張力性高--對兒茶酚胺類藥物較成人更為依賴,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups ICU用藥特點: 起效快、半衰期短,、效果確切Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups PICU最常用心血管活性藥物Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 強心甙類Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 兒茶酚胺類Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 磷酸二酯酶抑制劑Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 硝酸酯類Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多巴胺(Dopamine)藥理作用:Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 對不同受體興奮程度呈明顯的劑量依賴性,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 小劑量(<5ug/kg.min)--多巴胺R--內(nèi)臟血管擴張(冠狀動脈、腎臟血管,、腸系膜血管,、腦血管);Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 中等劑量(5~10ug/kg.min)--1-R為主--促進去甲腎上腺素的釋放--增加心肌收縮力,、HR,、CO;Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 大劑量(> 20ug/kg.min)--1-R為主--外周血管收縮,、增加外周阻力和心臟后負荷,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多巴胺(Dopamine)在PICU:起效快,除少數(shù)簡單畸形,,絕大多數(shù)患兒從術中復跳時就開始應用,。應用小~中等劑量( 5~10ug/kg.min),安全的心臟輔助作用,。同時有一定的利尿效果,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多巴酚丁胺(Dobutamine)藥理作用:對1-R有相對的選擇性,明顯的增強心肌收縮力的作用,。對α,、β2及多巴胺受體作用微弱。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多巴酚丁胺在PICUKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 強心作用,,5~15ug/kg.minKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 國內(nèi)一般與多巴胺聯(lián)合用藥,很少單獨應用Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups PICU觀察其增加HR也較明顯,,心率慢患兒應用后,,穩(wěn)定循環(huán)效果明顯。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 腎上腺素adrenaline(epinephrine)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 兼有α,、β效用,,α>β,,臨床作用較復雜。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 心臟:1-R作用,,強效的心臟興奮劑,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 血管:引起內(nèi)臟血流重新分布,??傮w效應α優(yōu)勢,腎臟血流減少,,冠狀血管血流增加,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 腎上腺素:最古老、最有效,、適用于各型心跳驟停,,為心肺復蘇的王牌用藥。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 術后嚴重低心排,, 0.01~0.3ug/kg.min ,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 局部縮血管作用:氣管插管內(nèi)出血、喉頭水腫噴霧,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 肌體代謝增強,,心臟氧耗增加,不易長期應用,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 易造成心律失常,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 腎臟血流減少,加強監(jiān)測,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 對低心派嚴重者,,應積極尋找更有效的治療手段,如:二次手術,、機械輔助等,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 異丙腎上腺素(isoprenaline)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 選擇性1-R、2-R興奮劑(1>2),。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 加快心率及傳導速度,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 多用于HR不快的低排患兒,心律失常的副作用小于副腎,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 肺高壓患兒,,舒張支氣管、血管平滑肌,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 去甲腎上腺素(noradrenaline)藥理作用Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 強烈的-R興奮作用,,除冠脈外,幾乎所有的小動脈和小靜脈都表現(xiàn)出強烈的收縮作用,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 對冠脈的擴張可能與心肌代謝產(chǎn)物腺苷明顯增加有關,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 去甲腎上腺素(noradrenaline) 在 PICU應用Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 感染性休克時,,為增加外周阻力,有很強的應用指征,,即使合并心功能不全,,嚴密監(jiān)測下也可應用。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 上消化道出血時可應用,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 酚妥拉明phentolamine (regitine)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 短效-R阻斷劑,擴張動靜脈Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 頑固高血壓合并肺高壓患兒可選用,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 如:弓中斷,,弓縮窄。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 普萘洛兒(心得安,,propranolol):對梗阻性心臟病患兒,,增加心室舒張順應性,減少術前缺氧發(fā)作,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 艾斯洛爾:短效,,多應用于術后快速性心律失常。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 氨酰心安:口服長效,,可應用于兒茶酚胺水平過高的高動力型先心病術后,,如心率快合并高血壓者。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 地高辛藥理作用Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 與細胞膜上的Na-K-ATP酶結(jié)合--抑制Na-K交換--心肌細胞內(nèi)Ca增多--心肌收縮增強Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 治療劑量可增強心肌收縮力,,縮短心動周期中的收縮期,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 同時反射性的降低交感張力,減慢心率,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 地高辛在PICUKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 早年應用多,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 但由于其起效慢,,有效劑量接近中毒劑量,,影響因素多(低鉀、低鎂,、高鈣,、缺氧、酸中毒等),,現(xiàn)在只將其作為輔助用藥和后期用藥,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 氨力農(nóng)(amrinone)和米力農(nóng)(milrinone)藥理作用Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 通過抑制心肌磷酸二酯酶(PDG)--增加心肌及血管平滑肌細胞內(nèi)cAMP含量--增加心肌收縮力,且不影響HR,。降低體,、肺血管阻力。心肌氧耗減低,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 氨力農(nóng)(amrinone)和米力農(nóng)(milrinone)在PICUKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 有人推薦用于兒茶酚胺耐受的心衰病人,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups PICU內(nèi)常用于希望同時強心并減低血管阻力,,改善末梢組織灌注者,如乳酸增高患兒,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 肺高壓,,降低肺循環(huán)阻力,同時維護右心功能,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 其擴血管作用往往引起臨床應用的顧慮,,該作用與劑量呈正相關性,劑量的把握和及時補足容量是關鍵,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 血小板減少,、肝功能損害,應加強監(jiān)測,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 硝酸甘油(nitroglycerin)Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 擴張靜脈和冠狀動脈,,降壓不明顯。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups PICU內(nèi)應用:Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups ①減低心臟前負荷,,同時擴張冠脈,,改善心肌灌注和心肌作功狀態(tài)。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups ②對于手術與冠脈相關的病人常規(guī)應用,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups ③高血壓的治療效果不滿意,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 硝普鈉(sodium nitroprusside)強有效的血管擴張藥物,同時作用在小動,、靜脈,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 近年來的研究認為是通過增加NO的含量而直接擴張血管平滑肌Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups PICU內(nèi)高血壓患兒的首選用藥,血容量不足者要緩慢增加劑量,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 大劑量超過3天可引起硫氰化物中毒,,病情穩(wěn)定后可口服開搏通。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 心血管用藥對重要器官的影響Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 心臟:冠脈血流由心肌本身的代謝水平?jīng)Q定,。體循環(huán)舒張壓高,,冠脈血增多。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 肺臟:氧,、二氧化碳,、PH,交感神經(jīng)興奮,、兒茶酚胺類藥物,,使體循環(huán)血管收縮,肺循環(huán)血容量增加,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 腦:自身調(diào)節(jié)機制維持其血流的恒定性,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 腎臟:除自身調(diào)節(jié)機制外,兒茶酚胺類藥物使腎血流減少,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素藥理作用Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 生理作用:調(diào)節(jié)糖代謝,??寡祝档兔氀艿耐ㄍ感?、減少滲出,。穩(wěn)定細胞溶酶體和線粒體,減輕細胞損傷,。增加腎上腺素受體的表達,,中度升高血壓。對抗創(chuàng)傷,、感染,、恐懼等應激反應。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素在PICUKjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 術后早期:轉(zhuǎn)機時間長,,減輕心肌水腫。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 有滲漏體質(zhì)者:減少滲出,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 心率失常者:減輕傳導系統(tǒng)的水腫,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 拔管前后:減輕喉頭水腫。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 重癥感染者:在足量,、有效抗生素保駕下,,利用其抗炎和抗應激作用。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)并發(fā)癥:減輕腦水腫,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups 副作用:組織愈合不良,,消化道出血,免疫抑制,。Kjk胸部腫瘤防治工作組 Thoracic Cancer Cooperative Groups |
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