1.圖例legend基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法及用法
legend語(yǔ)法參數(shù)如下: matplotlib.pyplot.legend(*args, **kwargs)
| Keyword | Description | | loc | Location code string, or tuple (see below).圖例所有figure位置 | | prop | the font property字體參數(shù) | | fontsize | the font size (used only if prop is not specified) | | markerscale | the relative size of legend markers vs. original 圖例標(biāo)記與原始標(biāo)記的相對(duì)大小 | | markerfirst | If True (default), marker is to left of the label. 如果為True，則圖例標(biāo)記位于圖例標(biāo)簽的左側(cè) | | numpoints | the number of points in the legend for line 為線條圖圖例條目創(chuàng)建的標(biāo)記點(diǎn)數(shù) | | scatterpoints | the number of points in the legend for scatter plot 為散點(diǎn)圖圖例條目創(chuàng)建的標(biāo)記點(diǎn)數(shù) | | scatteryoffsets | a list of yoffsets for scatter symbols in legend 為散點(diǎn)圖圖例條目創(chuàng)建的標(biāo)記的垂直偏移量 | | frameon | If True, draw the legend on a patch (frame). 控制是否應(yīng)在圖例周圍繪制框架 | | fancybox | If True, draw the frame with a round fancybox. 控制是否應(yīng)在構(gòu)成圖例背景的FancyBboxPatch周圍啟用圓邊 | | shadow | If True, draw a shadow behind legend. 控制是否在圖例后面畫(huà)一個(gè)陰影 | | framealpha | Transparency of the frame. 控制圖例框架的 Alpha 透明度 | | edgecolor | Frame edgecolor. | | facecolor | Frame facecolor. | | ncol | number of columns 設(shè)置圖例分為n列展示 | | borderpad | the fractional whitespace inside the legend border 圖例邊框的內(nèi)邊距 | | labelspacing | the vertical space between the legend entries 圖例條目之間的垂直間距 | | handlelength | the length of the legend handles 圖例句柄的長(zhǎng)度 | | handleheight | the height of the legend handles 圖例句柄的高度 | | handletextpad | the pad between the legend handle and text 圖例句柄和文本之間的間距 | | borderaxespad | the pad between the axes and legend border 軸與圖例邊框之間的距離 | | columnspacing | the spacing between columns 列間距 | | title | the legend title | | bbox_to_anchor | the bbox that the legend will be anchored.指定圖例在軸的位置 | | bbox_transform | the transform for the bbox. transAxes if None. |
(1)設(shè)置圖例位置
使用loc參數(shù)
plt.legend(loc='lower left')
| 0: 'best' 1: 'upper right' 2: 'upper left' 3: 'lower left' | 4: 'lower right' 5: 'right' 6: 'center left' | 7: 'center right' 8: 'lower center' 9: 'upper center' 10: 'center' |
(2)設(shè)置圖例字體
#設(shè)置字體大小
fontsize : int or float or {'xx-small’, 'x-small’, 'small’, 'medium’, 'large’, 'x-large’, 'xx-large’}
(3)設(shè)置圖例邊框及背景
plt.legend(loc='best',frameon=False) #去掉圖例邊框
plt.legend(loc='best',edgecolor='blue') #設(shè)置圖例邊框顏色
plt.legend(loc='best',facecolor='blue') #設(shè)置圖例背景顏色,若無(wú)邊框,參數(shù)無(wú)效
(4)設(shè)置圖例標(biāo)題
plt.legend(loc='best',title='figure 1 legend') #去掉圖例邊框
2.legend面向?qū)ο竺?/h2>
(1)獲取并設(shè)置legend圖例
plt.legend(loc=0, numpoints=1)
leg = plt.gca().get_legend() #或leg=ax.get_legend()
ltext = leg.get_texts()
plt.setp(ltext, fontsize=12,fontweight='bold')
(2)設(shè)置圖例
legend = ax.legend((rectsTest1, rectsTest2, rectsTest3), ('test1', 'test2', 'test3'))
legend = ax.legend(loc='upper center', shadow=True, fontsize='x-large')
legend.get_frame().set_facecolor('red') #設(shè)置圖例legend背景為紅色
frame = legend.get_frame()
frame.set_alpha(1)
frame.set_facecolor('none') #設(shè)置圖例legend背景透明
(3)移除圖例
ax1.legend_.remove() ##移除子圖ax1中的圖例
ax2.legend_.remove() ##移除子圖ax2中的圖例
ax3.legend_.remove() ##移除子圖ax3中的圖例
3.案例：設(shè)置圖例legend到圖形邊界外
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#主要是bbox_to_anchor的使用
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box = ax1.get_position()
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ax1.set_position([box.x0, box.y0, box.width , box.height* 0.8])
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ax1.legend(loc='center', bbox_to_anchor=(0.5, 1.2),ncol=3)
4.案例：顯示多圖例legend
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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import numpy as np
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x = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, 4)
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y = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, 4)
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p1, = plt.plot([1,2,3])
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p2, = plt.plot([3,2,1])
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l1 = plt.legend([p2, p1], ["line 2", "line 1"], loc='upper left')
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p3 = plt.scatter(x[0:2], y[0:2], marker = 'D', color='r')
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p4 = plt.scatter(x[2:], y[2:], marker = 'D', color='g')
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# This removes l1 from the axes.
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plt.legend([p3, p4], ['label', 'label1'], loc='lower right', scatterpoints=1)
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# Add l1 as a separate artist to the axes
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plt.gca().add_artist(l1)
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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line1, = plt.plot([1,2,3], label="Line 1", linestyle='--')
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line2, = plt.plot([3,2,1], label="Line 2", linewidth=4)
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# 為第一個(gè)線條創(chuàng)建圖例
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first_legend = plt.legend(handles=[line1], loc=1)
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# 手動(dòng)將圖例添加到當(dāng)前軸域
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ax = plt.gca().add_artist(first_legend)
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# 為第二個(gè)線條創(chuàng)建另一個(gè)圖例
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plt.legend(handles=[line2], loc=4)
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plt.show()
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