限定詞det 限定詞與名詞詞組中心詞之間有著某種固定的搭配關(guān)系

李旺旺 2021-08-27

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det	1.不定冠詞：a	I bought a book 我買了一本書
	2.定冠詞： the	The book is good 這本書不錯
	3.指示代詞：that	That book is good,too 那本書也不錯
	4.物主代詞：my	My book is on the desk 我的書在課桌上
	5.名詞屬格：Lily's	This is Lily's book 這是莉莉的書

限定詞det.	用于名詞前面,，限定名詞所指范圍，表示該名詞是特指還是泛指,，是定量還是不定量,。受名詞種類及形式的制約,，與名詞有著特定的搭配關(guān)系，多個限定詞連用有相對固定的位置,。包括
	冠詞 a(n), the
	形容詞性指示代詞 this, that, these, those
	形容詞性物主代詞 my, your, our
	形容詞性不定代詞 both, every, much, some
	數(shù)詞 one, two, etc.; first, second, etc.; one-third, three-fifths
	特指形容詞 next, only
	's名詞所有格

定冠詞（DEFINTITE ARTICLE〕,，不定冠詞（INDEFINITE ARTICLE〕,，零冠詞（ZERO ARTICLE〕

物主限定詞（POSSESSIVE DETERMINER〕，my, your, his, her, our, your, their, one's, its.

名詞屬格（GENITIVE NOUN〕，John's, my friend's.

指示限定詞（DEMONSTRATIVE DETERMINER〕，this, that, these, those, such.

關(guān)系限定詞（RELATIVE DETERRMINER〕,，whose, which.

疑問限定詞（INTERROGATIVE DETERMINER〕，what, which, whose.

不定限定詞（INDEFINITE DETERMINER〕,，no, some, any, each, every, enough, either, neither, all, both, half, several, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, other, another.

基數(shù)詞（CARDINAL NUMERAL〕和序數(shù)詞（ORDINAL NUMERAL〕

倍數(shù)詞（MULTIPLICATIVE NUMERAL〕和分數(shù)詞（FRACTIONAL NUMERAL〕

量詞（QUANTIFIER〕a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great of, a good deal of, a large of, a small amount of, a quantity of, a great of, a good number of等,。

限定詞與名詞詞組中心詞之間有著某種固定的搭配關(guān)系；如果名詞之前帶有2個或2個以上的限定詞,，則限定詞與限定詞之間也有某種固定的搭配關(guān)系,。

1、限定詞與三類名詞的搭配關(guān)系

限定詞的選擇決定于隨后的名詞的類別,，是單數(shù)名詞,、復數(shù)名詞，還是不可數(shù)名詞,。

1〕能與三類名詞搭配的限定詞：the, some, any, no, other, whose以及my, your等物主限定詞和名詞屬格（John's, my friend's〕等能與三類名詞搭配

如： the book, my book, my friend's book, John's book, any book, some book, no book, the other book, whose book, the books,

my books, my friend's book, John's books, any books, some books, no books, the other books, whose books, the money, my money, my friend's money,
ohn's money, any money, some money, no money, the other money, whose money.

2〕只能與單數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞：a(n), one, another, each, every, either, neither, many a, such a 等

如：each worker, either book, an apple, another book, such a book, every student, neither sentence, one copy, many a book.

3) 只能與復數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞：both, two, three, another two / three, many, (a) few, several, these, those, a (great) number of

如：both workers, several students, a number of essays, many students, (a) few words, these / those books, two / three visitors, another two / three students.

4) 只能與不可數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞：a (little) bit of, a great amount of, a great deal of, (a) little, much等

如：a bit of water, a great amount of labour, a great deal of work, (a) little space, much noise.

5〕能與單,、復數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞：the first, the second, the last, the next等既可與單數(shù)名詞搭配，也可與復數(shù)名詞搭配,。

如：the first rose, the last man, the next meeting, the first roses, the last men, the next meetings.

6〕能與單數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞：this, that, (the) least等能與單數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞搭配

如：(the) least sign (of prejudice), this / that job, (the) least knowledge, this / that work.

7〕能與復數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞搭配的限定詞：a lot of, lots of, enough, more, most, such, other等可與復數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞搭配

如： a lot of books, a lot of money, lots of chickens, lots of food, plenty of chairs, plenty of water, enough copies, enough coal, more articles, more time,
most people, most work, such men, such bread, other men, other bread.

**不定量限定詞less原先只與不可數(shù)名詞搭配,，但在現(xiàn)代英語中，less既可與不可數(shù)名詞也可與復數(shù)名詞搭配,。例如：less money, less mistakes.

2,、限定詞與限定詞的搭配關(guān)系

在名詞詞組中心詞之前如果有兩個或兩個以上限定詞出現(xiàn)時，就會產(chǎn)生限定詞的先后順序問題,。按其不同的搭配位置,，限定詞可分為

1〕中位、前位,、后位限定詞

前位：all, both, half; double, twice, three times, etc; one-third, two-fifths, etc; what, such, (a / an)等

中位：a(n), the, zero; this, that, these, those; my, your, etc; Merry's, my friend's; some, any, no, every, each, either, neither, enough; what(ever), which(ever), whose

后位：one, two, three, etc; first, second, third, etc; next, last, other, another, etc; many, much, (a) few, (a) little, fewer, (the) fewest, less, (the) least, more, most;
several, plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a great / large / good number of, a great / good deal of, a large / small amount of; such等

2) 三類限定詞的搭配關(guān)系：一個名詞詞組帶有上述三類限定詞,，搭配關(guān)系：“前－中－后”的順序

限定詞(置于名詞前起限定作用，如the,、some,、my等)

限定詞	修飾名詞，對名詞起到限定的作用,。用來限定名詞的范圍（泛指或特指）和數(shù)量（定量或不定量）的修飾詞,。
	它并不是英文10種詞性中的某一種，而是對名詞起限定作用的各類詞和結(jié)構(gòu)的總稱,，包括數(shù)詞,，冠詞，數(shù)量形容詞,，形容詞性的代詞,，名詞所有格,。
	最常見的是“限定詞＋名詞”（如a girl）和“限定詞＋形容詞＋名詞”（如a beautiful girl）這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。

1.限定詞≠前置形容詞	只有數(shù)量形容詞（定數(shù)量）,，形容詞性的代詞（定范圍）才能歸入限定詞,，其他前置形容詞只是一種前置限定，用來定屬性（修飾名詞的性質(zhì),、特征）
	① several/those children 幾個／那些孩子
	② naughty/clever children 淘氣的／聰明的孩子
2.三種前置限定分工不同	限定詞用來定范圍,、定數(shù)量。前置形容詞用來定性質(zhì),，而另一名詞用來定類別（用途目的種類）