時(shí)間

6月13日（周六） 10：30

主題

科研不端

嘉賓

Lee Chu Keong博士

新加坡南洋理工大學(xué)

Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton, John Dalton, Gregor Mendel and Robert Millikan have two things in common. First, they are all famous scientists (Millikan was also a Nobel laureate, and president of both the California Institute of Technology and the American Physical Society!), and second, they appear in an appendix titled “Known or Suspected Cases of Fraud” in the book Betrayers of the Truth, written by William Broad and Nicholas Wade.

伽利略,、牛頓、道爾頓,、孟德爾和密立根（1923年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主,，曾任加州理工學(xué)院校長(zhǎng),、美國(guó)物理協(xié)會(huì)理事長(zhǎng)）有兩個(gè)共同點(diǎn),。首先，他們都是著名的科學(xué)家,。第二,，他們都出現(xiàn)在William Broad 和Nicholas Wade所著《背叛真理者》一書標(biāo)題為 “已知或疑似欺詐案件”的附錄中。 

In this presentation, I will touch on the definition of scientific misconduct (i.e., what exactly, constitutes scientific misconduct). The different forms in which scientific misconduct manifests itself, and history of scientific misconduct, will also be briefly discussed. I will then conclude by presenting three case studies of scientific fraud that shook and shocked the world of science, in an attempt to tease out why they occurred, why they took so long to be uncovered, the implications for other scientists, and how to prevent them from occurring again.

在這次演講中,，我將談到科研不端行為的定義,。（例如：究竟什么是科研不端行為）。表現(xiàn)形式和歷史,，并進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要的討論,。然后，我將列出三個(gè)震驚科學(xué)界的科研造假案例,，試圖梳理出它們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)發(fā)生,，為什么花了這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才被發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些案例對(duì)其他科學(xué)家的影響,，以及如何防止它們?cè)俅伟l(fā)生,。

I am a chemical engineer by training, and I have diverse teaching experience accumulated since I began teaching in 1991. In the Wee Kim Wee School, I have, so far, taught in two programmes, namely, the Master of Science (Information Studies) and Master of Science (Knowledge Management). In 2015, I taught the undergraduates for the first time (in the Information Analytics track).

我是一名化學(xué)工程師，自1991年開始教學(xué)以來(lái),，積累了豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。到目前為止,，我在Wee Kim Wee學(xué)校有兩個(gè)課程,，即信息研究碩士和知識(shí)管理碩士。2015年,，我第一次給本科生上課(信息分析方向),。

I am currently the programme director for the Master of Science (Knowledge Management) and the Master of Science (Information Studies) programmes.  I have diverse interest, I have taught in various modules in both programmes — Music and Art Libraries; Science and Technology Sources and Services; Management and Business Sources and Services; Sources and Searching; Foundations of Knowledge Management; and Information and Knowledge Assets.

我目前是知識(shí)管理碩士和信息研究碩士課程的項(xiàng)目主任。我的興趣廣泛,，曾在這兩個(gè)課程中教授過(guò)不同的模塊,，如音樂(lè)和藝術(shù)圖書館；科學(xué)技術(shù)來(lái)源和服務(wù);管理和業(yè)務(wù)來(lái)源及服務(wù);信息來(lái)源和搜索;知識(shí)管理基礎(chǔ);以及信息和知識(shí)資產(chǎn),。

Teaching is something I enjoy doing very much, and I’ve been told that I’m “natural” and “authentic” in front of the students, teaching. I am humbled that I won the Nanyang Teaching Award (School Level) in March 2015. mostly by having fun. I’m really blessed because I’m doing what I love. I like to experiment, and now, I am experimenting with teaching using stamps and first day covers. I take the KM students out on walks sometimes, which can help them think “out-of-the-box”.  They can also talk about things they would not otherwise.

教學(xué)是我非常喜歡做的事情,，有人告訴我，我在學(xué)生面前是“自然的”和“真實(shí)的”,。2015年3月,，我獲得了南洋教學(xué)獎(jiǎng)（校級(jí)），這讓我受寵若驚,，并感到非?？鞓?lè)。我真的很幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)槲以谧鑫蚁矚g的事情,。我喜歡試驗(yàn),，現(xiàn)在我正在試驗(yàn)用郵票和首日封來(lái)教學(xué)。我有時(shí)帶知識(shí)管理的學(xué)生出去散步,，這可以幫助他們“打破常規(guī)”地思考,。他們也可以談?wù)摫静辉刚務(wù)摰氖虑椤?/p>

Throughout my life, I’ve been blessed with many-many opportunities to learn. These have been provided by parents, teachers, mentors, colleagues and also employers. Realising that many people have not had the opportunities that I benefited from, I started to do two things: (1) trying to provide students with as many learning opportunities as possible; and (2) starting OpenlySolved, an initiative that helps students from less well-to-do families in Singapore (www.openlysolved.org).

在我的一生中，我有幸擁有許多學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì),。家長(zhǎng),、教師、導(dǎo)師,、同事和雇主都提供了這些幫助,。當(dāng)意識(shí)到許多人沒(méi)有獲得我所受益的機(jī)會(huì)時(shí)，我開始做兩件事,，第一是努力為學(xué)生提供盡可能多的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì),。第二是開展“開放式解決”(openlysolve)項(xiàng)目，這是一個(gè)幫助新加坡貧困家庭學(xué)生的項(xiàng)目(www.openlysolve.org),。

I also like photography, and so I combined information science and photography to come up with “informational photographs”, as opposed to artistic ones (there are enough of these out there, e.g., in Flickr). Photographs have the potential to convey so much information in a wordless way, information critical to some people.

我也喜歡攝影,，所以我把信息科學(xué)和攝影結(jié)合起來(lái)，創(chuàng)造出了“信息照片”,，而不是藝術(shù)照片(例如：Flickr上有很多這樣的照片),。照片有潛力以一種無(wú)聲的方式傳達(dá)如此多的信息，對(duì)某些人來(lái)說(shuō)是至關(guān)重要的信息,。

I’m always available for coffee and a chat. Do drop by some time.
有空就來(lái)坐坐吧,！一起喝杯咖啡聊聊天。