| 中英文對照演講稿 |

It's 2008, and I'm just finishing my first year of design school. And I'm at my first year-end review, which is a form of ritual torture for design students, where they make you take everything you made over the course of the year and lay it out on a table and stand next to itwhile a bunch of professors, most of whom you've never seen before, give youtheir unfiltered opinions of it. 

那是2008年，我剛剛完成設(shè)計學院第一年的課程,。第一學年末的評審正在進行，這幾乎算是每個學設(shè)計的學生的噩夢,，因為需要你把這一年課程中所有的作品擺在桌上,，你站在桌邊，一群教授，他們中的大部分你可能都沒見過,，會直接給出他們的意見,。

So it's my turn and I'm standing next to my table,everything neatly lined up, and I'm just hoping that my professors can see how much effort I've put into making my designs practical and ergonomic and sustainable. And I'm starting to get really nervous, because for a long time,no one says anything. It's just completely silent. And then one of the professors starts to speak, and he says, 'Your work gives me a feeling ofjoy.'

輪到我了，我站在自己的桌子旁,，所有東西整齊排成一行,，我只希望我的教授能看到我為我的設(shè)計付出了多少努力，讓它們實用,，符合人體工學,，且可持續(xù)。但我開始越來越緊張,，因為很長一段時間都沒人說話,。一片寂靜。終于一位教授開口了,，他說,，“你的作品讓我感到快樂?！?/p>

Joy? I wanted to be a designer because I wanted to solve real problems. Joy is nice, I guess, but it's kind of light --not substantial. But I was also kind of intrigued, because joy is this intangible feeling, and how does that come from the stuff on the table next tome? I asked the professors, 'How do things make us feel joy? How dotangible things make us feel intangible joy?' They hemmed and hawed and gestured a lot with their hands. 'They just do,' they said.

快樂,？我做設(shè)計師是為了解決真正的問題?？鞓匪闶遣诲e的評價吧,，但是沒什么分量……不是那么實在。但我也覺得好奇,，因為快樂是一種無形的感受,，為什么我桌子上的東西會帶來這種感覺呢？我問教授,，“事物如何讓我們感到快樂呢,？有形的事物怎么會讓我們感受到無形的快樂呢？”他們嘀嘀咕咕,，揮舞雙手比劃了半天,，說，“它們就是會這樣,！”

I packed up my things for the summer, but I couldn't stop thinking about this question ... and this launched a journey --one that I didn't know at the time would take me 10 years -- to understand there lationship between the physical world and the mysterious, quixotic emotion wecall 'joy.' And what I discovered is that not only are they linked,but that the physical world can be a powerful resource to us in creating happier, healthier lives.

我收拾完行李準備過暑假,，但還是忍不住在想這個問題，它也讓我開始了一段旅程——當時我并不知道這段旅程會持續(xù)10年之久——我想去理解物理世界和這神秘而虛幻的,，我們稱之為“快樂”的情感到底有什么關(guān)系,。我發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們之間不僅有聯(lián)系,，而且物理世界對我們來說,，可以成為打造更快樂,，更健康生活的有利資源.

After my review, I thought, 'I know what joy feels like, but what is it, exactly?' And I found that even scientists don't always agree, and they sometimes use the words 'joy'and 'happiness' and 'positivity' more or lessinterchangeably. But broadly speaking, when psychologists use the word joy,what they mean is an intense, momentary experience of positive emotion -- onethat makes us smile and laugh and feel like we want to jump up and down. 

在那次評審過后，我在想,，“我知道快樂是什么感覺，但快樂到底是什么呢,？”我發(fā)現(xiàn)就連科學家也得不出一致的結(jié)論,，他們有時候會將“快樂”“幸福”和“樂觀”這幾個詞互換著來用,。但大體上來說,，當心理學家使用快樂這個詞的時候，他們所指的是一種強烈卻短暫的,，樂觀的情緒過程,，會讓我們微笑、大笑,，興奮得想要跳起來,。

And this is actually a technical thing. That feeling of wanting to jump up and down is one of the ways that scientists measure joy. It's different than happiness,which measures how good we feel over time. Joy is about feeling good in themoment, right now. And this was interesting to me because as a culture, we areobsessed with the pursuit of happiness, and yet in the process, we kind ofoverlook joy.

其實這是一種技術(shù)性的過程。那種想跳起來的感覺是衡量快樂的一種方式,。這跟幸福有所不同,，幸福是一種更加長久的感覺。而快樂指的是在那一刻感覺很好,，是當下的感覺,。這一點讓我很感興趣，因為作為一種文化,，我們總是癡迷于追求幸福,，然而在這個過程中，我們往往忽略了快樂,。

So this got me thinking: Where does joycome from? I started asking everyone I knew, and even people I just met on thestreet, about the things that brought them joy. On the subway, in a café, on anairplane, it was, 'Hi, nice to meet you. What brings you joy?' I felt like a detective. I was like, 'When did you last see it? Who were you with? What color was it? Did anyone else see it?' I was the Nancy Drew of joy.

這不禁讓我思考：快樂到底是從何而來的,？我開始詢問每一個認識的人，甚至是在街頭偶遇的人,，是什么讓他們感到快樂,。在地鐵上、咖啡館中,、飛機上,，我開門見山，“嗨,，很高興認識你,。什么會讓你感到快樂呢？”我感覺自己像個偵探,，不停問“你最近一次看到讓你快樂的東西是什么時候,？當時你跟誰在一起,？它是什么顏色的？還有其他人也看到它了嗎,？”我就是快樂界的神探南希,。

And after a few months of this, I noticed that there were certain things that started to come up again and again and again. They were things like cherry blossoms and bubbles ... swimming pools andtree houses ... hot air balloons and googly eyes --and ice cream cones, especially the one swith the sprinkles. These things seemed to cut across lines of age and genderand ethnicity. I mean, if you think about it, we all stop and turn our heads to the sky when the multicolored arc of a rainbow streaks across it. 

幾個月后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)有一些特定的事物會一而再,，再而三的出現(xiàn),。比如櫻花，肥皂泡,，游泳池,，樹屋，熱氣球,，還有大眼睛——還有冰淇淋甜筒,，尤其是上面撒了糖豆的那種。這些東西跨越了年齡,、性別和種族的界限,。仔細想想，我們都會停下腳步,，抬頭看向天空,，只因為有一道絢麗的彩虹橫跨半空。

And fireworks-- we don't even need to know what they're for, and we feel like we'recelebrating, too. These things aren't joyful for just a few people; they'rejoyful for nearly everyone. They're universally joyful. And seeing them all together, it gave me this indescribably hopeful feeling. The sharply divided,politically polarized world we live in sometimes has the effect of making ourdifferences feel so vast as to be insurmountable. 

還有煙火,，我們都不需要知道是在慶祝什么,，心里也會有喜慶的感覺。這些東西不僅僅會讓一部分人感到快樂,，它們幾乎對所有人都有效,，會讓所有人開心?？吹竭@些東西在一起出現(xiàn),，讓我有一種難以描述的、充滿希望的感覺,。我們生活在一個分化嚴重,、政治對立的世界，有時候人與人之間的差異如此巨大,，巨大到仿佛無法跨越,。

And yet underneath it all,there's a part of each of us that finds joy in the same things. And though we're often told that these are just passing pleasures, in fact, they're really important, because they remind us of the shared humanity we find in our common experience of the physical world.

然而在表象之下，我們還是能在相同的事物中找到快樂,。盡管別人經(jīng)常會告訴我們,，這些樂趣轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，但實際上,，它們還是挺重要的,，因為它們能提醒我們,，我們有著共同的人性，這來源于我們在探索物理世界時共同的經(jīng)歷,。

But I still needed to know: What is it about these things that makes them so joyful? I had pictures of them up on my studio wall, and every day, I would come in and try to make sense of it. And then one day, something just clicked. I saw all these patterns: round things... pops of bright color ... symmetrical shapes ... a sense of abundance andmultiplicity ... a feeling of lightness or elevation. 

但我還是需要搞清楚：這些讓他們快樂的事物到底是怎么回事,？我把這些照片掛在工作室的墻上，每天我都會去那里,，想弄清楚原因,。突然有一天，我恍然大悟,。我發(fā)現(xiàn)了某些規(guī)律：圓形的東西，絢麗的色彩,，對稱的形狀,，豐富和多樣性，明亮或者在高空的感覺,。

When I saw it this way, I realized that though the feeling of joy is mysterious and elusive, we can access it through tangible, physical attributes, or what designers callaesthetics, a word that comes from the same root as the Greek word'aísthomai,' which means, 'I feel,' 'I sense,''I perceive.' 

用這種方式來觀察的時候,，我發(fā)現(xiàn)盡管快樂的感覺有點神秘。又難以捕捉,，但我們可以通過一些可觸摸的,、物理的特性來得到它，或者用設(shè)計師的話說,，通過審美,，這個詞來源于希臘語的同根詞“aisthomai”，意思是我感覺,，我感受,，我察覺。

And since these patterns were telling me that joybegins with the senses, I began calling them 'Aesthetics of Joy'; thesensations of joy. And in the wake of this discovery, I noticed something thatas I walked around, I began spotting little moments of joy everywhere I went --a vintage yellow car or a clever piece of street art. It was like I had a pairof rose-colored glasses, and now that I knew what to look for, I was seeing iteverywhere. It was like these little moments of joy were hidden in plain sight.

這些規(guī)律告訴我們,，快樂來源于感覺,，我于是稱之為“快樂審美”，也就是對于快樂的感知,。伴隨著這個發(fā)現(xiàn),，我開始注意身邊的一些事情，留意那些讓我快樂的瞬間,，無論我身處何處——一輛復古的黃色小汽車,，一件巧妙的街頭藝術(shù)。我覺得自己就像戴著一副粉紅眼鏡,，知道自己在找什么之后,，我在哪兒都能找到快樂。這些快樂的小瞬間就藏在我們眼皮底下,。

And at the same time, I had another realization, that if these are the things that bring us joy, then why does somuch of the world look like this?

與此同時,，我還發(fā)現(xiàn),，如果剛剛提到的這些東西能帶給我們快樂，那為什么很多地方看起來是這樣的,？

Why do we go to work here? Why do we sendour kids to schools that look like this? Why do our cities look like this? Andthis is most acute for the places that house the people that are most vulnerable among us: nursing homes, hospitals, homeless shelters, housing projects. How did we end up in a world that looks like this?

為什么我們要去這樣的地方上班,？為什么我們要把孩子送到這樣的地方上學？為什么我們的城市是這樣的,？而下面這些地方是最糟糕的,，因為我們中間最脆弱的那些人住在這里：療養(yǎng)院，醫(yī)院,，收容所,，住宅項目。為什么我們的世界會變成這個樣子,？

We all start out joyful, but as we get older, being colorful or exuberant opens us up to judgment. Adults who exhibit genuine joy are often dismissed as childish or too feminine or unserious orself-indulgent, and so we hold ourselves back from joy, and we end up in aworld that looks like this.

我們小時候都非?？鞓罚S著年齡的增長,，太過色彩絢麗或者熱情洋溢會讓我們遭受非議,。成年人如果展現(xiàn)出純粹的快樂，經(jīng)常就會被誤解為孩子氣,，或者太女性化,，或者不夠嚴肅，或者有些自我放縱,，于是我們開始遠離快樂,，于是我們的世界就變成了這個樣子。

But if the aesthetics of joy can be used tohelp us find more joy in the world around us, then couldn't they also be used to create more joy? I spent that last two years scouring the planet, lookingfor different ways that people have answered this question. And this led me tothe work of the artist Arakawa and the poet Madeline Gins, who believed thatthese kinds of environments are literally killing us. And so they set out thecreate an apartment building that they believed would reverse aging. And thisis it.

但如果快樂審美能幫助我們在身邊發(fā)現(xiàn)更多快樂,，那它能不能幫助我們制造快樂呢,？我花了至少兩年的時間四處尋覓，尋找不同的人來回答這個問題,。我找到了畫家阿拉卡瓦,，還有詩人瑪?shù)铝铡せ魉梗麄冋J為這樣的環(huán)境正在毀滅我們,。于是他們打算建一棟公寓樓,，可以幫助我們逆生長。它長這樣,。

It's a real place, just outside Tokyo. Ispent a night there, and it's a lot.

這棟房子真的存在,，就在東京郊外。我在那兒住過一晚,，但那一晚有點漫長,。

The floors undulate, so you don't end upwalking around so much as kind of bouncing around the apartment, and there are bright colors in every direction. I'm not sure I left any younger, but it's as if, by trying to create an apartment that would make us feel youthful, theyended up creating one that was joyful. And yes, this is a bit much for every daylife, but it made me wonder: What about the rest of us? How do we bring theseideas back into the real world?

地板是起伏不平的，因此你無法在屋子里正常行走,，只能跌跌撞撞地前進,，到處是明亮的色彩,。我不知道離開的時候有沒有變年輕一點，但他們的確是想建一所公寓,，可以讓我們感覺年輕,，這所公寓給我們帶來了快樂。當然,，如果每天都這樣,，會有點吃不消，但是這讓我思考：我們其他人該怎么辦呢,？我們?nèi)绾伟堰@些想法帶回給大眾,？

So I started finding people who were doing just that. For example, this hospital, designed by the Danish artist PoulGernes. Or these schools, transformed by the non-profit Publicolor. What's interesting is that Publicolor has heard from school administrators who say that attendance improves, graffiti disappears and kids actually say they feel safer in these painted schools. And this aligns with research conducted in fourcountries, which shows that people working in more colorful offices areactually more alert, more confident and friendlier than those working in drabspaces.

于是我開始尋找那些在做同樣事情的人。比如這家醫(yī)院,，是丹麥畫家波爾·杰恩斯設(shè)計的,。還有這些學校，由非盈利機構(gòu)“公眾色彩”改造,。有意思的是，“公眾色彩”從學校管理者那里得到反饋,，說出勤率上升了,，也沒有涂鴉了，孩子們說,，彩色的學校讓他們感到更安全,。有一項在4個國家開展的研究也證實了這一點，在彩色辦公室里工作的人會更加機敏,，更加自信,，更加友好，比那些在單色調(diào)辦公室的人表現(xiàn)要好,。

Why would this be the case? Well, as I started to trace back our love of color, I found that some researchers see aconnection to our evolution. Color, in a very primal way, is a sign of life, asign of energy. And the same is true of abundance. We evolved in a world wherescarcity is dangerous, and abundance meant survival. So, one confetto -- whichhappens to be the singular of confetti, in case you were wondering --

為什么會這樣呢,？我開始回顧我們對色彩的喜愛，我發(fā)現(xiàn),，有些研究者認為這跟我們的進化有關(guān),。顏色，從最原始的角度來看,，象征著生命和活力,。同時也象征著真正的富足。在我們生存的世界,，匱乏是危險的,，而富足意味著生存。所以,，一片小紙屑（confetto）——就是漫天飛舞的紙屑（confetti）中的一片,，是的,，我就是這么精確——

isn't very joyful, but multiply it, and you have a handful of one of the most joyful substances on the planet. Thearchitect Emmanuelle Moureaux uses this idea in her work a lot. This is anursing home she designed, where she uses these multicolored spheres to createa feeling of abundance. And what about all those round things I noticed? Well,it turns out neuroscientists have studied this, too. 

并不那么有趣，但如果是很多紙屑,，你就擁有了這個星球上最有趣的東西,。建筑師愛瑪努埃勒·穆羅在很多作品中運用了這一點。這是她設(shè)計的一座療養(yǎng)院,，她用許多五顏六色的球體來營造一種富足的感覺,。關(guān)于圓形的東西，我有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)呢,？神經(jīng)學家已經(jīng)做過研究,。

They put people into fMRI machines, and they showed them pictures of angular objects and round ones. And what they found is that the amygdala, a part of the brain associated in partwith fear and anxiety, lit up when people looked at angular objects, but notwhen they looked at the round ones. They speculate that because angles innature are often associated with objects that might be dangerous to us, that weevolved an unconscious sense of caution around these shapes, whereas curves setus at ease.

他們把人放進功能性磁共振成像機，分別給他們看帶尖角的和圓形的物體,。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)杏仁核,，就是大腦中與恐懼和焦慮有關(guān)的部分，會在看向尖銳物體的時候被點亮,，而看向圓形物體的時候則沒有,。他們推測因為自然界中的尖角，往往跟危險的東西有關(guān),，于是看到尖銳的物體,，我們會下意識地變得警覺，而曲線會讓我們放松,。

You can see this in action in the new SandyHook Elementary School. After the mass shooting there in 2012, the architects Svigals + Partners knew that they needed to create a building that was secure,but they wanted to create one that was joyful, and so they filled it with curves. There are waves running along the side of the building, and thesesquiggly canopies over the entryway, and the whole building bends toward theentrance in a welcoming gesture.

這一發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)在桑迪·胡克小學得以應用,。2012年大規(guī)模槍擊案發(fā)生后，建筑師斯維格斯和他的同事們知道他們需要建一棟安全的建筑,，但他們想建一棟有趣的建筑,，于是他們運用了很多曲線的設(shè)計。建筑物的邊是波浪形的,，入口通道的頂棚也是彎曲的,，整棟建筑向著入口彎曲擺出歡迎的姿勢。

Each moment of joy is small, but over time,they add up to more than the sum of their parts. And so maybe instead ofchasing after happiness, what we should be doing is embracing joy and findingways to put ourselves in the path of it more often. Deep within us, we all havethis impulse to seek out joy in our surroundings. And we have it for a reason.Joy isn't some superfluous extra. It's directly connected to our fundamental instinctfor survival. On the most basic level, the drive toward joy is the drive towardlife.

快樂的時光總是短暫的,，但隨著時間推移,，這些快樂會疊加出更明顯的效果。所以與其去追求幸福,，其實我們更應該擁抱快樂,，想辦法讓自己在快樂的路上停留更久。因為在內(nèi)心深處,，我們都想在自己周圍尋找快樂,。這是有原因的。快樂并不是錦上添花的事情,。它直接與我們的生存本能相關(guān)聯(lián),。從最基本的層面來說，追求快樂,，就是追求生命,。

Thank you.(Applause)Thank you.Thank you, thank you.(Applause)

謝謝大家。（掌聲）謝謝,。謝謝各位,。謝謝。