云計(jì)算學(xué)習(xí)路線分享文件打包及壓縮,，建議針對(duì)目錄

Demo: 復(fù)制未打包的文件到遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)
[root@yangs ~]# du -sh /etc
39M /etc
[root@yangs ~]# time scp -r /etc [email protected]:/tmp //將/etc目錄...

===打包,，壓縮===
[root@yangs ~]# tar -czf etc1.tar.gz /etc //-z 調(diào)用gzip : tar removeing 非報(bào)錯(cuò)
[root@yangs ~]# tar -cjf etc2.tar.bz2 /etc //-j 調(diào)用bzip2
[root@yangs ~]# tar -cJf etc3.tar.xz /etc //-J 調(diào)用xz
[root@yangs ~]# ll -h etc*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8.7M 3月 12 00:08 etc1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7.5M 3月 12 00:08 etc2.tar.bz2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4.8M 3月 12 00:09 etc3.tar.xz

===解壓，解包===
[root@yangs ~]# tar -tf sys.tar.xz
[root@yangs ~]# tar -xzvf etc1.tar.gz
[root@yangs ~]# tar -xvf etc1.tar.gz //無(wú)需指定解壓工具,，tar會(huì)自動(dòng)判斷
[root@yangs ~]# tar -xvf etc2.tar.bz2 -C /tmp //-C重定向到//tmp目錄
[root@yangs ~]# tar xf etc3.tar.xz ?。。,。,。。,。,。。,。。,。,。。,?！自動(dòng)尋找 記住這個(gè)就好了

file 可查看
==解壓zip
[root@yangs ~]# unzip xxx.zip
====================================================================================

--------------------------------------------------
壓縮打包
gzip bzip2
[root@localhost tmp]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/data bs=100M count=2
in file out file block size count
[root@localhost tmp]# du -sh data -s 總共 -h 最大單位
[root@localhost tmp]# gzip data
[root@localhost tmp]# gunzip data.gz
[root@localhost tmp]# bzip2 data
[root@localhost tmp]# bunzip2 data.bz2

tar
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -cvf boot.tar /boot/ -c 創(chuàng)建 -v 顯示過(guò)程 -f 文件
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -tvf boot.tar -t 查看
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -rvf boot.tar /root/install.log -r 追加打包
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -xvf boot.tar

[root@localhost tmp]# tar -cvf /home/boot.tar /boot/ 指定包存放路徑
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -xvf /tmp/boot.tar -C /home/ 指定解壓目錄

調(diào)用gzip壓縮
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -zcvf boot.tar.gz /boot/
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -ztvf boot.tar.gz
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -zxvf boot.tar.gz

調(diào)用bzip2壓縮
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -jcvf boot.tar.bz2 /boot/
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -jtvf boot.tar.bz2
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -jxvf boot.tar.bz2




[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh tree-1.5.3-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
-i 安裝 -v顯示過(guò)程 -h顯示百分比
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -q tree -q 檢索
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qa | grep httpd 檢索所有軟件
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ql httpd 列出httpd所有文件位置
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ql httpd | cut -d \/ -f 2 | uniq
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qi tree 列出軟件包信息
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qd httpd 查看軟件文檔
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qc httpd 查看配置文件
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qf /etc/man.config 通過(guò)文件查詢(xún)對(duì)應(yīng)軟件包
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qf `which mount` 查找命令對(duì)應(yīng)軟件
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -e tree 卸載
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-2.2.15-26.el6.x86_64.rpm --force 強(qiáng)制安裝

未按裝
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qpi tree-1.5.3-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qpl tree-1.5.3-2.el6.x86_64.rpm

解決依賴(lài)關(guān)系
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-devel-2.2.15-26.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: httpd-devel-2.2.15-26.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
apr-devel is needed by httpd-devel-2.2.15-26.el6.x86_64
apr-util-devel is needed by httpd-devel-2.2.15-26.el6.x86_64

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh apr-devel-1.3.9-5.el6_2.x86_64.rpm
warning: apr-devel-1.3.9-5.el6_2.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:apr-devel ########################################### [100%]

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh apr-util-devel-1.3.9-3.el6_0.1.x86_64.rpm
warning: apr-util-devel-1.3.9-3.el6_0.1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
expat-devel is needed by apr-util-devel-1.3.9-3.el6_0.1.x86_64

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh expat-devel-2.0.1-11.el6_2.x86_64.rpm
warning: expat-devel-2.0.1-11.el6_2.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:expat-devel ########################################### [100%]

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh apr-util-devel-1.3.9-3.el6_0.1.x86_64.rpm
warning: apr-util-devel-1.3.9-3.el6_0.1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:apr-util-devel ########################################### [100%]

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-devel-2.2.15-26.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: httpd-devel-2.2.15-26.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:httpd-devel ########################################### [100%]

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -e apr-devel --nodeps 不檢測(cè)依賴(lài)關(guān)系卸載

yum庫(kù)的使用
1.[root@localhost mnt]# mkdir /yum
[root@localhost mnt]# mount -t iso9660 -o loop /var/ftp/rhel-server-6.4-x86_64-dvd.iso /yum/
2.[root@localhost mnt]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# touch yum.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim yum.repo
[rhel6.4] ------------------------庫(kù)名字
name=rhel6.4 server -------------描述
baseurl=file:///yum -------------路徑
gpgcheck=0 ----------------------是否校驗(yàn)key
enabled=1 -----------------------開(kāi)啟或者關(guān)閉


測(cè)試
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all 清除yum緩存
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache 建立yum緩存
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install httpd-devel 安裝
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install -y httpd-devel
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum reinstall -y httpd-devel 重新安裝
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum remove apr-devel 移除軟件包

onal Development" "Development tools"


[root@localhost software]# chmod +x RealPlayer\?\;\ 11\ for\ Linux\ RealPlayer11GOLD.bin
[root@localhost software]# ./RealPlayer\?\;\ 11\ for\ Linux\ RealPlayer11GOLD.bin

[root@localhost software]# realplay

源碼包lftp-3.5.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost lftp-3.5.10]# rpm -e lftp 卸載rpm包的lftp
[root@localhost software]# tar -jxvf lftp-3.5.10.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/src/
編譯前檢測(cè)和配置
[root@localhost lftp-3.5.10]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/lftp
編譯
[root@localhost lftp-3.5.10]# make
安裝
[root@localhost lftp-3.5.10]# make install
測(cè)試
[root@localhost lftp-3.5.10]# /usr/local/lftp/bin/lftp 172.16.110.1

[root@localhost lftp-3.5.10]# vim /etc/bashrc
PATH=/usr/local/lftp/bin:$PATH
export PATH

[root@localhost lftp-3.5.10]# lftp 172.16.110.1
lftp 172.16.110.1:/> ls
lftp 172.16.110.1:/> get biji.txt