關于連詞

連詞-conjunction是一種虛詞,， 它不能獨立擔任句子成分而只起連接詞與詞，短語與短語以及句與句的作用,。

連詞有兩種

并列連詞-Coordinate conjunction

從屬連詞-Subordinate conjunction

并列連詞的用法

表結合的連詞：

and

和,，而且

Fifty houses were entirely destroyed and ten were partly destroyed.

50所房屋被完全摧毀還有10座房屋被部分摧毀。

and...also

還有

He is guilty,andyou also.

他有罪,，你也有罪,。

both...and

既…又…，兩個都

He is both proud and poor.

他既驕傲又貧窮,。

not only...but also

不但…而且…

not merely...but likewise

不僅……但同樣地

He is not only/merelyproud,but also/likewisepoor.

他不僅驕傲,，而且同樣貧窮。

as well as

也,；和…一樣,；不但…而且

He ispooras well asproud.

他既窮又傲慢。

注意：如果只是簡單的把詞或句連接起來,，用and就可以,；如果要是前后兩部分語氣加強，則使用both...and更好,；而使用not only...but also時,，后面的部分語氣要強于前面部分；as well as則恰好相反,，后者的意思要弱于前者,。

表轉折的連詞：

but

但是；而是,；然而

I'd like to,but I'm too busy.

我想去,，但是我太忙了

and yet

可是，然而

He made great efforts,，and yet he failed to gain his end.

他做了很大的努力,，但沒有達到目的。

still

仍然,；但是,；盡管如此

He was unsuccessful: still he did not lose heart.

他失敗了，但他仍然沒有失去信心,。

nevertheless

然而,，不過

All men were against him; neverthelesshe persevered.

眾人都反對他，但他仍然堅持,。

indeed...but 的確...但是...

He recovered indeed, but his health has never been so good since.

他確實康復了,，但從那以后，他的健康從未如此好過,。

it is true...but

的確...但是...

It is truehe is old, but he is still strong.

他的確老了,，但仍然很強壯。

not…but…

不是……而是……

They were not the bones of an animal,but of a human being.

它們不是動物的骨頭,，而是人的骨頭,。

注意：but表示轉折，while表示對比。

Some people love cats, whileothers hate them.

有些人喜歡貓,，而有些人討厭貓,。

表推論的連詞：

so 因此

He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game.

他傷了腿，所以不能參加比賽,。

注意：therefore是副詞,，它不能直接用來連接兩個簡單句，但它可以放在句首,，后面加逗號,，也可以放在句中作為插入語來用。這里我還要說一下,，and therefore 這個表達相當于so,，這個大家務必要記住。

表選擇的連詞：

either...or

neither...nor

例句：

Either

you

or

I must be out of our senses.你我之間一定有人瘋了,。

Neither

he

nor

they are mistaken.他和他們都沒有錯,。

He will not go,

and

I will not go

, either

.他不去，我也不去,。

He will not go,

neither

will I.他不去,，我也不去。

He will not go,

nor

will I.他不去,，我也不去,。

從屬連詞的用法：

從屬連詞

表示原因的連詞：

because

因為

for

因為

since

因為,；由于

as

因為

now that

既然；由于

例句：

He has been promoted

because

he is able and industrious.他被提升是因為他能干而且勤奮,。

He must have passed this way,

for

here are his footprints.他一定是從這兒走過的,，因為這兒有他的腳印。

Since

it has come to that, there is no help for it.既然到了那個地步,，就沒有辦法了,。

As

prices are going up daily, poor people are in great distress.由于物價每天都在上漲，窮人陷入了極大的困境,。

Now that

you have finish your work, you may go.既然你已經完成了你的工作,，你可以走了。

注意：這兩個詞的意思很相近,，通常是可以互換使用的,。為了安全起見，最好用because引導從句,，因為同 because引導的從句相比,，for引導的從句的用法要受到某些限制：

①for引導的從句不能位于它所解釋的動詞之前：

Because it was wet he took a taxi.

因為下雨，他叫了一輛出租車。（這里不能用for）

②for引導的從句不能位于not,，but或任何連詞之后

③for引導的從句不能用于回答問題：

—Why did you do it,？ 你為什么這么做？

—I did it because I was angry. 因為我生氣才這么做的,。（這里不能用for）

④for引導的從句不能單單用來復述已講過的話,，而必須包括新的內容：

He spoke in French. 他講法語,。

She was angry because he had spoken in French. 因為他講法語,，她生氣了。

表時間的連詞：

when

while

as

as soon as

scarcely/hardly...when

no sooner...than

as long as

so long as

例句：

When

the cat away, the mice will play.貓兒不在,，老鼠成精,。

Make hay

while

the sun shines.趁晴曬草(和趁熱打鐵同意，指把握時機,。)

Just

as

I got to the station, the whistle was heard.我剛到車站,，汽笛就響了。

As soon as

it was light enough in the morning to see, he was up and reading.早晨天一亮,，他就起床看書了,。

I had

scarcely/hardly

finished my work

when

a friend of mine called on me.我剛做完工作，一個朋友就來看我,。

No sooner

had we started for the excursion

than

it began to rain.

我們剛動身去遠足,，天就開始下雨了。

I will take care of you

as long as

I live.只要我活著,，我就會照顧你,。

So long as

a youth has true respect, vice has little attraction for him.只要一個年輕人有真正的尊敬，邪惡對他就沒有什么吸引力,。

注意：

when可以用于過去,、現在、未來的任何時候

while表示繼續(xù)的意思

as有“同時”之意

比較：

Every one listens

when

he speaks.每個人說話的時候都會聽,。有

I was just going to explain,

when

the bell rang.我正要解釋,，這時門鈴響了。

第一個例句中“when”是從屬連詞,；第二個例句中“when”有“and then”之意,，是并列連詞。

表條件的連詞：

if

表條件）如果,；即使,；是否；（表假設）假如

unless

除非,，如果不

in case

萬一,；假使

provided

假如；倘若

例句：

If

you are hungry,I will give you something to eat.如果你餓了，我就給你東西吃,。

Unless

you read it again you will not understand it.除非你再讀一遍,，否則你不會理解它。

I will leave a note

in case

he is absent.萬一他不在,，我就留個條,。

I will pardon him

provided

he acknowledge his fault. 只要他承認錯誤，我就原諒他,。

表結果的連詞：

such...that

so...that

so that

例句：

He was in

such

a condition

that

we all felt anxious about him.他的情況如此嚴重,，我們大家都為他擔心。

He was

so

kind

that

he was loved by all.他是如此的善良,，以至于所有的人都愛他,。

A great part of Belgium is flat,

so that

the country is not particularly pretty.比利時大部分地區(qū)地勢平坦，所以這個國家并不特別漂亮,。

注意：such...that和so...that 同義,，只是such后接名詞，so接形容詞或副詞

表讓步的連詞：

though

雖然,；盡管

even if

即使,；雖然

however

然而；可是

as

雖然

例句：

Though

love cannot plant morals in the human breast, it cultivates them when there.雖然愛不能在人的胸中播下道德的種子,，但它會在胸中培育道德,。

Even if

he has never been abroad, he speaks good English.即使他從未出過國，他的英語也講得很好,。

However

hard you may try, you will not be able to solve this question in a day or two.不管你怎么努力,，一兩天內你都解決不了這個問題。

Old

as

he is, he is very active.雖然他老了,，但他很活躍,。

表目的的連詞：

that...may

so that...may

in order that

例句：

We usually praise only

that

we

may

be praised.我們通常只是為了得到別人的贊揚而贊美別人。

We sent for him at once

so that

we

might

talk it over with him.我們立刻派人去請他,，與他詳談,。

He labors day and night

in order that

he may become rich.為了發(fā)財，他日日夜夜地工作,。