【摘要】 目的:評(píng)價(jià)急性冠脈綜合征患者PCI術(shù)后血IL-37、hs-CRP的變化及意義,。方法:選取2014年1月-2015年5月在本院行PCI治療的60例急性冠脈綜合征患者為PCI組,,同時(shí)選30例健康體檢者作為對(duì)照組。對(duì)入選者行IL-37,,hs-CRP檢測(cè),。PCI組隨訪12個(gè)月,收集整理患者臨床資料進(jìn)行分析,。結(jié)果:PCI組患者血漿IL-37水平較對(duì)照組低,,而hs-CRP水平高于對(duì)照組,兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),。PCI術(shù)后24 h,,血漿hs-CRP升高,血漿IL-37沒(méi)有增加,。PCI術(shù)后有并發(fā)癥組hs-CRP較高,,IL-37表達(dá)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保持在低水平。結(jié)論:PCI術(shù)后不良心血管事件的發(fā)生與患者體內(nèi)抗炎/促炎因子失衡有關(guān),。IL-37和hs-CRP的變化可作為判斷PCI術(shù)后炎癥反應(yīng)強(qiáng)弱的指標(biāo),。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 急性冠脈綜合征; 經(jīng)皮冠狀動(dòng)脈介入治療(PCI); IL-37,; hs-CRP 【Abstract】 Objective:To evaluate the changes and significance of serum IL-37 and hs-CRP in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS) after PCI.Method:From January 2014 to May 2015,,60 cases with acute coronary syndrome who received PCI treatment as the treatment group and 30 cases of healthy persons as control group.Serum IL-37 and hs-CRP of the two groups were detected.PCI group was followed up for 12 months.The clinical data of two groups were collected and analyzed.Result:The plasma IL-37 level in the PCI group was lower than that in the control group,while the level of hs-CRP was higher than that of the control group,,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).24 hours after PCI,,the plasma hs-CRP increased and plasma IL-37 did not increase,hs-CRP was higher in patients with complications after PCI,,and the expression of IL-37 was maintained at a low level for a long time,,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05)Conclusion:The occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events after PCI is related to the imbalance of anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokines in patients.The changes of IL-37 and hs-CRP can be used as indicators to judge the inflammatory response after PCI. 【Key words】 Acute coronary syndrome; Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI),; IL-37,; hs-CRP First-author’s address:Shenzhen Nanshan District People’s Hospital,Shenzhen 518052,,China doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.13.032 ?皮冠狀動(dòng)脈介入治療(PCI)在急性冠脈綜合征(acute coronary syndrome,,ACS)中已常規(guī)使用,PCI術(shù)后不良事件與炎癥反應(yīng)密切相關(guān),。本研究通過(guò)測(cè)定ACS患者PCI術(shù)前后IL-37,、hs-CRP的變化,探討PCI術(shù)后不良心血管事件與上述指標(biāo)間的關(guān)系,。 1 資料與方法 1.1 一般資料 選取2014年1月 -2015年5月在深圳市南山區(qū)人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科住院行PCI的ACS患者,。入選標(biāo)準(zhǔn):ACS的診斷符合美國(guó)心臟病學(xué)基金會(huì)/美國(guó)心臟學(xué)會(huì)(ACC/AHA)標(biāo)準(zhǔn);入選患者住院期間均經(jīng)冠脈造影檢查證實(shí)至少一支血管狹窄≥75%,,行PCI治療,。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):感染、嚴(yán)重肝腎功能不全,、惡性腫瘤,、全身免疫性疾病。共納入60例患者,,其中男42例,、女18例,平均年齡(56.72±9.71)歲,。同時(shí)抽取同期本院健康體檢的健康者30例為對(duì)照組,,其中男20例,女10例,,平均年齡(50.24±10.85)歲,。兩組一般資料比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性,。 1.2 方法 1.2.1 IL-37測(cè)定 入選的PCI組患者于術(shù)前,、術(shù)后24 h,、1周取肘靜脈血5 mL,標(biāo)本放置ENTA-2Na抗凝管,;即刻以3000 r/min的速度離心20 min,,留取上清液2 mL于離心管,置于-70 ℃冰箱中保存待檢,。對(duì)照組于體檢時(shí)取5 mL左肘靜脈血1次,,同上法留存待檢。采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法(ELISA)法測(cè)定IL-37(試劑購(gòu)自廈門(mén)慧加生物技術(shù)有限公司),。 1.2.2 hs-CRP測(cè)定 入選的PCI組患者于術(shù)前,,術(shù)后24 h、1周取肘靜脈血,。對(duì)照組于體檢時(shí)取左肘靜脈血1次,采用免疫散射比濁法測(cè)定hs-CRP,。 1.3 隨訪 對(duì)入選的PCI組患者進(jìn)行隨訪12個(gè)月,,觀察并記錄不良心血管事件(死亡、非致死性心肌梗死,、再發(fā)心絞痛,、靶血管重建),支架內(nèi)再狹窄(冠脈造影或CT證實(shí)原支架內(nèi)管腔狹窄≥50%)等并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生情況,。 1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理 使用SPSS 19.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對(duì)所得數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,,計(jì)量資料用(x±s)表示,比較采用t檢驗(yàn),;計(jì)數(shù)資料以率(%)表示,,比較采用 字2檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,。 2 結(jié)果 2.1 兩組IL-37,、hs-CRP水平比較 PCI組患者術(shù)前血漿IL-37水平較對(duì)照組低,而血漿hs-CRP水平較對(duì)照組增高,,比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),。術(shù)后24 h血漿IL-37表達(dá)較對(duì)照組減少,hs-CRP水平高比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),。PCI組術(shù)后1周血漿IL-37 水平明顯高于術(shù)前,,hs-CRP水平顯著下降,比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),,見(jiàn)表1,。 2.2 PCI組有無(wú)并發(fā)癥的患者IL-37、hs-CRP水平比較 PCI術(shù)后隨訪12個(gè)月后,,無(wú)死亡病例,,出現(xiàn)亞急性血栓患者1例,,非致死性心肌梗死、心衰3例,,心絞痛復(fù)發(fā)6例(其中支架內(nèi)再狹窄4例),,并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率為16.7%。有并發(fā)癥患者術(shù)后hs-CRP水平較無(wú)并發(fā)癥患者高,,術(shù)后1周時(shí)血IL-37水平較無(wú)并發(fā)癥患者仍然低,,見(jiàn)表2。 3 討論 隨著介入水平及器械的發(fā)展,,經(jīng)皮冠狀動(dòng)脈介入治療(PCI)已被廣泛用于急性冠脈綜合征患者,,但PCI成功后仍有再發(fā)心血管事件的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),可能與PCI后斑塊破裂誘導(dǎo)的局部炎癥反應(yīng)等有關(guān)[1-2],。 作為炎癥的非特異性標(biāo)記物,,超敏C-反應(yīng)蛋白(hs-CRP)已廣泛用于評(píng)估炎癥反應(yīng)的強(qiáng)弱,研究顯示hs-CRP是冠心病的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素,,冠狀動(dòng)脈支架植入術(shù)后1~2 d C反應(yīng)蛋白水平可明顯升高,,且與術(shù)后主要心血管不良事件正相關(guān)[3-4]。本研究中急情針脈綜合征(ACS)患者h(yuǎn)s-CRP水平顯著升高,;同時(shí)PCI可使hs-CRP水平進(jìn)一步升高,,可能與PCI過(guò)程中支架對(duì)血管內(nèi)皮的損傷、對(duì)血管壁機(jī)械牽拉以及作為異物的支架引發(fā)局部炎癥細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)有關(guān),。這與國(guó)內(nèi)外研究結(jié)果相一致,。 2000年Kumar等[5]發(fā)現(xiàn)了具有IL-1家族同源DNA的新成員:IL-37。與其他IL家族不同,,IL-37是一種新發(fā)現(xiàn)的抗炎細(xì)胞因子,,是一種天然的固有免疫抑制劑,在炎癥性腸病,、系統(tǒng)性紅斑狼瘡,、肝臟缺血再灌注等多種疾病中有潛在保護(hù)作用[6-9]。研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)IL-37可能與動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化的發(fā)生,、發(fā)展有關(guān)[10-11],, IL-37一方面可通過(guò)抑制樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞(DC)、Toll樣受體(TLR)的作用來(lái)減少炎癥及免疫反應(yīng)[12-13],;另一方面可抑制MAPK炎癥信號(hào)通路及炎癥介質(zhì)IL-18的作用抑制炎癥因子的釋放[14-15],。目前IL-37在急性冠脈綜合征中的相關(guān)性研究較少,IL-37的表?_水平也存在一定的差異[16-18],,其原因及結(jié)果有待進(jìn)一步探討,。本研究中,ACS行PCI治療的患者血漿IL-37水平較對(duì)照組降低,,提示急性冠脈綜合征(acute coronary syndrome,,ACS)患者存在抗炎因子減少,,從而對(duì)促炎因子的產(chǎn)生抑制減少,致使對(duì)血管的保護(hù)作用減弱,,存在抗炎與促炎因子的失衡[19],。 經(jīng)皮冠狀動(dòng)脈介入治療(PCI)對(duì)血漿IL-37水平的影響,目前尚較少報(bào)道,,本研究觀察到IL-37在PCI術(shù)前術(shù)后有先下降后上升趨勢(shì),。PCI術(shù)后24 h,當(dāng)代表高炎癥反應(yīng)的血漿hs-CRP水平升高時(shí),,血漿IL-37沒(méi)有增加,,與Wang等[20]研究一致。PCI后IL-37水平較術(shù)前降低,,這可能是因?yàn)镻CI治療可抑制全身IL-37的表達(dá),。術(shù)后1周IL-37水平較術(shù)前逐漸升高,而hs-CRP水平顯著下降,,提示IL-37可通過(guò)抑制促炎因子的生成來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)斑塊穩(wěn)定性,,IL-37可能參與治療PCI術(shù)后炎癥反應(yīng)。 實(shí)踐證明,,炎癥參與動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化斑塊的形成和破裂,冠狀動(dòng)脈血栓形成和心肌梗死后修復(fù),,炎癥反應(yīng)參與了PCI術(shù)后各種急慢性并發(fā)癥及再狹窄的發(fā)生,。本研究中PCI術(shù)后有并發(fā)癥組hs-CRP較高,而IL-37表達(dá)則較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保持在低水平,??寡准?xì)胞因子減少,而致炎因子增加,,反映ACS患者中全身的細(xì)胞因子反應(yīng)不平衡,。IL-37的減少可能無(wú)法抑制的ACS患者PCI術(shù)后炎癥反應(yīng),PCI術(shù)后不良心血管事件的發(fā)生與患者體內(nèi)抗炎/促炎因子失衡有關(guān),。 PCI術(shù)后IL-37和hs-CRP的變化可作為判斷PCI術(shù)后炎癥反應(yīng)強(qiáng)弱的指標(biāo),,對(duì)術(shù)后不良心血管事件防治有一定的警示意義。 參考文獻(xiàn) [1] Desch S,,Eitel I,,Schmitt J,et al.Effect of coronary collaterals on microvascular obstruction as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated by primary coronary intervention[J].Am J Cardiol,,2009,,104(9):1204-1209. 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