● 經(jīng)典的開放Gould-Brostr?m術(shù)式一直被視為治療慢性踝關(guān)節(jié)不穩(wěn)的金標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ● 研究發(fā)現(xiàn),慢性踝關(guān)節(jié)不穩(wěn)的患者常常合并有關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)的其他病變,,需要一并處理(Ferkel報道占93%,,Hintermann報道占66%) ● 大多數(shù)學(xué)者提倡對每個慢性踝關(guān)節(jié)不穩(wěn)患者都應(yīng)進行關(guān)節(jié)鏡探查 資料來源: Komenda, GA, Ferkel, RD. Arthroscopic findings associated with the unstable ankle. Foot Ankle Int, 1999, 20(11):708 – 713. Hintermann B, Boss A, Schafer D. Arthroscopic findings in patients with chronic ankle instability. Am J Sports Med, 2002, 30(3):402–409. ● 據(jù)文獻報道,Hawkins最先采用Staple在距骨側(cè)緊縮距腓前韌帶獲得了良好的效果(特別感謝香港亞洲??平偃A教授提供原文) 資料來源: Hawkins RB. Arthroscopic stapling repair for chronic lateral instability. Clin Podiatr Med Surg, 1987, 4(4):875–883. Corte-real, NM, Moreira RM. Arthroscopic repair of chronic lateral ankle instability. Foot & Ankle International, 2009, 3(3): 213-217. ● 經(jīng)前內(nèi)側(cè)入路觀察,經(jīng)前外側(cè)入路進行清理和置入錨釘,,經(jīng)前外側(cè)輔助入路做韌帶復(fù)合體縫合修復(fù)(經(jīng)皮操作) 資料來源: Corte-real, NM, Moreira RM. Arthroscopic repair of chronic lateral ankle instability. Foot & Ankle International, 2009, 3(3): 213-217. ● 關(guān)節(jié)鏡經(jīng)前外側(cè)入路監(jiān)視,,經(jīng)前外側(cè)輔助入路置錨釘,小切口縫合修復(fù)韌帶殘端和伸肌支持帶 資料來源: Nery C, Raduan F, Del Buono A, et al. Arthroscopic-assisted Brostr?m-Gould for chronic ankle instability: a long-term follow-up. Am J Sports Med, 2011, 39(11):2381-8. ● 經(jīng)前內(nèi)側(cè)入路監(jiān)視,,經(jīng)前外側(cè)入路縫合韌帶殘端并使用無結(jié)錨釘擠壓固定 資料來源: Vega J. All-inside arthroscopic lateral collateral ligament repair for ankle instability with a knotless suture anchor technique. Foot Ankle Int, 2013, 34(12):1701-9. ● 經(jīng)前內(nèi)側(cè)入路監(jiān)視,,經(jīng)前外側(cè)入路置入錨釘,采用縫線套索裝置經(jīng)皮縫合伸肌支持帶 資料來源: Cottom JM, Rigby RB. The 'All Inside' Arthroscopic Brostr?m Procedure: A Prospective Study of 40 Consecutive Patients. J Foot Ankle Surg, 2013,52(5): 568-74. ● 經(jīng)內(nèi)側(cè)中線入路(脛前肌腱內(nèi)側(cè))監(jiān)視(視野更好),,經(jīng)前外側(cè)輔助入路置入錨釘(置釘方向更合理),,采用2-0尼龍線穿過18號注射器針頭作為縫線套索,來穿刺縫合韌帶殘端 ● 作者術(shù)中并不常規(guī)做清理,,而是通過術(shù)前MRI來判斷關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)病損情況 資料來源: Matsui K, Takao M, et al. Arthroscopic Brostr?m repair with Gould augmentation via an accessory anterolateral port for lateral instability of the ankle. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 2014, 134(10):1461–1467. ● 經(jīng)前內(nèi)側(cè)入路監(jiān)視,,經(jīng)前外側(cè)入路置入錨釘,采用縫合鉤經(jīng)皮縫合伸肌支持帶,,并提出“安全區(qū)”概念 資料來源: Acevedo JI. Arthroscopic Brostrom Technique. Foot & Ankle International, 2015, 36(4): 465–473. ● 經(jīng)前內(nèi)側(cè)入路監(jiān)視,,經(jīng)皮縫合伸肌支持帶,經(jīng)前外側(cè)入路在腓骨遠(yuǎn)端制作骨隧道,,將伸肌支持帶固定至腓骨遠(yuǎn)端 資料來源: Lui TH. Modified arthroscopic Brostrom procedure. Foot Ankle Surg, 2015, 21(3):216–219. 資料來源: Takao M, Matsui K, Stone JW, et al. Arthroscopic anterior talofibular ligament repair for lateral instability of the ankle. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2016, 24(4):1003–1006. 一項臨床非隨機對照研究結(jié)果(三級證據(jù)): ● 鏡下修復(fù)和開放修復(fù)術(shù)后一年隨訪結(jié)果沒有顯著差異 ● 鏡下修復(fù)術(shù)后恢復(fù)更快 資料來源: Matsui K, Takao M, Miyamoto W, et al. Early recovery after arthroscopic repair compared to open repair of the anterior talofibular ligament for lateral instability of the ankle. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 2016. 136(1):93-100. 一項臨床隨機對照研究結(jié)果(一級證據(jù)): ● 鏡下修復(fù)和開放修復(fù)獲得臨床和影像學(xué)結(jié)果沒有顯著差異 ● 鏡下修復(fù)應(yīng)合理選擇患者 資料來源: Yeo ED, Lee KT, Sung IH, et al. Comparison of all-inside arthroscopic and open techniques for the modified brostr?m procedure for ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int, 2016, 37(10):1037-45. 生物力學(xué)測試結(jié)果顯示鏡下修復(fù)和開放修復(fù)沒有顯著差異: 資料來源: Lee YK. All?inside arthroscopic modified Brostr?m operation for chronic ankle instability: a biomechanical study. Knee SurgSports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2016, 24(4):1096–1100. 關(guān)于單純修復(fù)ATFL是否足夠,一項生物力學(xué)測試(ATFL only VS ATFL+CFL)結(jié)果顯示: ● 兩組結(jié)果并沒有顯著差異 ● 修復(fù)ATFL殘端足矣 資料來源: Lee KT, Lee JI, Sung KS, et al. Biomechanical evaluation against calcaneofibular ligament repair in the brostr?m procedure: a cadaveric study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2008, 16(8):781-786. 單純修復(fù)ATFL的解剖學(xué)依據(jù) ● ATFL、CFL與距跟韌帶之間有筋膜連接 資料來源: van Dijk. Ankle Arthroscopy. Springer.2014. 關(guān)于是否必須做IER加強縫合,,研究結(jié)果顯示: ● 結(jié)果并沒有顯著差異 ● 是否做IER加強需要考慮ATFL殘端的質(zhì)量(術(shù)中探查情況)以及是否存在IER的變異情況
資料來源: Behrens SB, Drakos M, Lee BJ, et al. Biomechanical analysis of Brostrom versus Brostrom-Gould lateral ankle instability repairs. Foot Ankle Int, 2013, 34(4):587-92. 目前的循證醫(yī)學(xué)證據(jù)包括: ● 目前有關(guān)踝關(guān)節(jié)慢性不穩(wěn)定微創(chuàng)手術(shù)的證據(jù)多為低等級證據(jù)(IV-V級) ● 大多數(shù)研究中每種微創(chuàng)手術(shù)方式的適應(yīng)癥并不清楚 ● 采用鏡下修復(fù)方式需要考慮的因素是韌帶殘端質(zhì)量 ● 絕大多數(shù)有關(guān)鏡下修復(fù)的文獻中報道僅修復(fù)ATFL,,部分采用IER加強(Gould-Brostr?m) ● 廣泛采用的方式是錨釘修復(fù),技術(shù)多種多樣 ● 廣泛采用的方式是經(jīng)前外側(cè)輔助入路置釘和縫合韌帶殘端 資料來源: |
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