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【英語(yǔ)猜押】參透事物介紹類(lèi)語(yǔ)篇

 宏宇賓123 2018-02-23


陜西說(shuō)

我們?cè)谶x擇型閱讀理解中近8年10考,,主要為實(shí)物類(lèi)介紹,,也會(huì)涉及當(dāng)年熱點(diǎn)喔,,如西安地鐵、信用卡的發(fā)展等,。

山西說(shuō)

閱讀理解中4考且多在C篇,,話(huà)題角度多樣,包括社會(huì)現(xiàn)象,、科普知識(shí),、組織介紹和音樂(lè)種類(lèi)介紹,需要考生練習(xí)豐富的閱讀素材,。完形填空僅在2010年考查抽象事物,。

河南說(shuō)

在近8年閱讀理解和詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用中各考查3次,且2015年和2014年均考查實(shí)物類(lèi)抽象類(lèi)各1篇,。閱讀理解均在B篇考查,,且最后一道多為主旨大意或標(biāo)題歸納題,。詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用12選10,會(huì)涉及變形,,還是有些挑戰(zhàn)的,,所以考生可要多練呀!

安徽說(shuō)

我們角度多,,材料有意思,。近8年完形填空5考,且偏向于抽象性事物介紹,,如人際交流、夢(mèng)與人的聯(lián)系,、握手的來(lái)歷和意義等,。在閱讀理解中5考,涉及科普知識(shí),、社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)介紹等,。

完形填空

In modern society we can see competitions(競(jìng)爭(zhēng))everywhere, both in our work and in our life. Team spirit (團(tuán)隊(duì)精神) is so important and helpful. It can lead us to    1    in the competitions. 

Team spirit means that people work together and help    2    as part of a team. With this spirit, people try hard to make their team the    3    of all.

Everyone has experienced (經(jīng)歷) team spirit one way or another, whether they were part of a team or saw a group of people    4    for their favorite player.

There are different kinds of team spirit. One kind is between a team of people whose efforts and teamwork are needed in reaching    5    goals. Another kind is when a group of people support a person, a team or even their country.

Team spirit brings good efforts. It helps to build up    6    and trust (信任)between people who may not get on well when they don’t have such team spirit.    7   , team spirit may also cause bad effects. For example, too great team spirit may cause fights or arguments with other team members.

Some people don’t understand team spirit    8    . They think team spirit means having to become a member of a team or a fan club. In fact, team spirit can be built anywhere—between friends, workmates or even between two people who have never    9    before. You don’t have to wear the same team spirit clothes. Anyone can show team spirit just    10    showing support for the same goal.  

1. A. dream                   B. surprise

    C. success                   D. end

2. A. each other           B. other

    C. another                   D. the other

3. A. fastest                   B. earliest

    C. biggest                   D. best

4. A. call                           B. cheer

    C. to cheer                   D. to call

5. A. their                         B. his

    C. my                           D. our

6. A. luck                          B. friendship

    C. health                   D. help

7. A. But                           B. Although

    C. However                  D. So

8. A. easily                   B. quickly

    C. simply                   D. properly

9. A. written                   B. heard

    C. met                           D. seen

10.A. by                           B. on

     C. in                             D. with







翻答案


長(zhǎng)按二維碼識(shí)別進(jìn)入


閱讀理解

Can you imagine a pair of shoes that could tie themselves? All you would have to do is put them on and push a button. Well, this idea is becoming a reality. The shoe company Nike created the self-tying shoe!

This idea first came from the movie Back to the Future II, and Nike has been working for years to create a shoe that can do this in real life. They have finally done it with the Nike Hyper Adapt 1.0.

So how do these shoes work? According to Nike, each shoe is “powered by an underfoot-lacing mechanism(腳下系帶裝置)”. This is kind of like a small motor that has the power to lace the shoes.

All the wearers have to do is to put them on, and at first, the shoes are very loose. But then you can push the “-” button, and the shoes will easily slide off(滑落).

But the shoes are battery charged(充電), and for someone who uses them quite often, they need to be charged every two weeks, according to USA Today.

Cristiano Ronaldo, a professional soccer player, was a special athlete who got to test the shoes out for himself. He said on the Instagram, “Wow! Thanks @nike for letting me be the first athlete in the world to try the new Hyper Adapt 1.0.”

They haven’t come to the public yet, and the cost of the shoes is still unknown. But you might be able to get a pair of your own closer to the holiday season this year.

1. To make the self-tying shoe work, which step should you take first?

A. Put the shoes on.              

B. Charge the battery.

C. Press the “+” button.           

D. Push the “-” button.

2. How often do the self-tying shoes need to be charged when they are used quite often?

A. Every two days.               

B. Every two months.

C. Every two weeks.              

D. Every two years.

3. According to the last two paragraphs,         .

A. Nike chose an athlete to test out the new shoes.

B. the shoes are on sale to the public.

C. the cost of the shoes is quite high.

D. people can only buy them during the holiday season

4. Which is the best title of this passage?

A.The Shoe Company Nike

B. Self-tying Shoes

C. Shoes of Different Kinds

D. Shoe laces







翻答案


長(zhǎng)按二維碼識(shí)別進(jìn)入


詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用

we   one   with   when   until   movie

new   tool   even   make   use   across

People have used pencils and paintbrushes to create art for centuries. Today, artists have a new 1.      . Computer art is a whole new art style that can 2.       draw the outline of our favorite cartoon characters.

Computer art is an art created with the help of the computer. Computer art is used for ads. It is used on TV. And it is used to make 3.      . Computer artists have created Buzz Light year and other computer art characters to make 4.       laugh. It took the artists lots of hard work to create them. 5.       they were shown for the first time, many people felt very surprised.

Computer Aided design is called CAD and it is now widely 6.       by people. Not too long ago, computer games had flat shapes. These shapes chased(追捕) each other 7.       the screen. And that was it! Today, CAD designs change from cars to space planes. You probably like CAD best in movies. Toy Story was the 8.       computer-animated(計(jì)算機(jī)動(dòng)畫(huà)) film. Pixar 9.       the film in 1995. It won awards. Then, Pixar made a 10.       movie. It became a huge hit. It was called A Bug’s Life.

Computer art will make the life funnier and more colorful.







翻答案


長(zhǎng)按二維碼識(shí)別進(jìn)入


★ 完形填空

研究首尾句

事物介紹類(lèi)語(yǔ)篇的首尾段和每段的首尾句很重要,在做題時(shí),,先讀這一部分可以幫助明確文章的介紹對(duì)象,,給學(xué)生指引方向。如根據(jù)上面文章第一段可知介紹的對(duì)象是team spirit (團(tuán)隊(duì)精神),,由此學(xué)生可聯(lián)想與此相關(guān)的詞匯和內(nèi)容,。

辨明邏輯詞

邏輯關(guān)系詞(含連詞、副詞,、介詞詞組)幫助理清文章脈絡(luò)和理解上下文,。考試中若有些句子讀不懂,,可以利用上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行排除,,縮小正確答案的范圍。常見(jiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系詞如下:

1.表順承:and, then, besides, in addition

2.表轉(zhuǎn)折but, however, instead

3.表原因:because, since, as, for, now that

4.表結(jié)果:so, therefore, thus

5.表舉例:for example, for instance, such as

6.表?xiàng)l件:if, unless, as long as

7.表讓步:though, although, in spite of, even though(if)

8.表目的:in order to, so that, in order that

把握一致性

完形填空除需要良好的詞匯能力和邏輯能力外,,考生還需把握一致性,,特別是以下三方面的一致性。

1. 意義

事物介紹類(lèi)文章每段的首句會(huì)點(diǎn)明該段的主要內(nèi)容,,因此要保證本段所選詞符合本段大意,。

如根據(jù)上文第四段第一句“There are different kinds of team spirit”可知本段內(nèi)容是圍繞團(tuán)隊(duì)精神的類(lèi)型展開(kāi)的。

2. 時(shí)態(tài)

事物介紹類(lèi)文章以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主,,其中涉及事物發(fā)展史時(shí)應(yīng)使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),。在涉及時(shí)態(tài)題時(shí),要根據(jù)上下文斟酌,,避免出現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài)混亂,。

3. 人稱(chēng)

根據(jù)空前空后內(nèi)容尋找代詞所指代的對(duì)象,,如上面的第5題指代的是people,為第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù),,且需用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞goals,,所以選their。

最后分享一個(gè)口訣給小伙伴們:

研究首尾——找主題,,

上下聯(lián)系——尋信息,,

左顧右盼——找搭配,

思前想后——覓邏輯,,

語(yǔ)境分析——辨詞義,,

集中精力——破難題。

★ 閱讀理解

先讀題,,明確題目要求,,然后帶著問(wèn)題去讀文章,并且標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵句,,這樣更利于解題,。

細(xì)節(jié)理解——準(zhǔn)確定位

提取題干中的關(guān)鍵信息定位到具體某一段的某一句或幾句。事物介紹類(lèi)多涉及事物的特點(diǎn),、類(lèi)別,、性質(zhì)、構(gòu)造,、功能,、發(fā)展、變化等,,要注意與此相關(guān)的詞匯,。如上面閱讀理解第2題:根據(jù)題干中的need to be charged可定位到倒數(shù)第三段中的句子“they need to be charged every two weeks”,由此可得出答案,。

推理判斷——據(jù)實(shí)推測(cè)

包括數(shù)字事實(shí)推斷,,常識(shí)推斷以及作者寫(xiě)作目的、態(tài)度等推斷,。要先找到文章中與此相關(guān)的基本事實(shí),,在此基礎(chǔ)上依據(jù)文章主旨推測(cè)隱含信息,避免主觀(guān)臆斷,。

詞義猜測(cè)——選項(xiàng)代入

此類(lèi)題可以采取“代入法”,,即把各個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別帶入文中,看哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)符合上下文語(yǔ)境和邏輯,,則該選項(xiàng)一般就是本題的答案,。另外要注意以下兩點(diǎn):

1. 注意劃線(xiàn)生詞所在句的前后句,其通常是用來(lái)輔助解釋該生詞的,。

2. 注意生詞所在句中包含的特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào),,如破折號(hào),、引號(hào)、括號(hào)都可用于提示詞義,。

標(biāo)題歸納,、主旨大意——全面歸納

兩種設(shè)題方式均是圍繞全文內(nèi)容展開(kāi)的。一般來(lái)說(shuō),,事物介紹類(lèi)短文的主旨大意在文章的首段或尾段,,但切記不要以偏概全。同時(shí)分析各個(gè)選項(xiàng),,排除明顯偏離文章大意的和片面概括事物內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng),。如上面的閱讀理解第4題,雖然四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均和“鞋”有關(guān),,但A,、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都較片面,,只有B項(xiàng)概括了文章主題:耐克鞋業(yè)公司發(fā)明的一種能自己系鞋帶的鞋。

★ 詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用

分類(lèi)備詞

拿到題目后,,先研究方框中所給的備選詞匯,,理解詞義,判斷詞性,,并進(jìn)行歸類(lèi),。

試填詞匯

通讀全文,結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境和所學(xué)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)填詞,??忌蓮囊韵聨讉€(gè)角度出發(fā):

1. 若空格處作句子主語(yǔ),則考慮填名詞,、人稱(chēng)代詞主格,、名詞性物主代詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,。

2. 若空前是句子主語(yǔ),,空后是賓語(yǔ),則空處應(yīng)考慮動(dòng)詞,,構(gòu)成主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),。如上面的第9題。

3. 若空前是系動(dòng)詞或感官動(dòng)詞,,則需填形容詞,,構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu);若空前是不及物動(dòng)詞,,則考慮填副詞修飾,。

4. 若空前是動(dòng)詞或介詞,,空格處需要代詞,則考慮填代詞賓格或反身代詞,。如上面的第4題,。

5. 若空前有限定詞,空后是名詞,,則空處填形容詞或其比較等級(jí),。

6. 若空前有表示程度的副詞a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, rather等或空格后有than時(shí),則考慮填形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí),。

調(diào)整形式

初步填詞后,,要根據(jù)語(yǔ)法調(diào)整詞匯的適當(dāng)形式??忌蓮囊韵路矫婵紤]:

1. 名詞重點(diǎn)注意其單復(fù)數(shù)形式,,也要關(guān)注名詞所有格和形容詞變名詞。如上面的第3題,。

2. 動(dòng)詞要注意其單三形式,、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞,,同時(shí)要熟悉每種時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),。如上面的第6題和第9題。

3. 形容詞要注意其副詞形式,、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí),。

4. 代詞需注意主格、賓格,、形容詞性物主代詞,、名詞性物主代詞及反身代詞的形式。

5. 數(shù)詞需注意基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換,。如上面的第8題,。

6. 特別注意:若所填詞在句首,要注意首字母大寫(xiě),。

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