小英說(shuō)

 2017年12月3日

在上一期語(yǔ)法專題中,，我們學(xué)習(xí)“be動(dòng)詞的用法和技巧”。今天我們繼續(xù)來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)中“There be 句型”的知識(shí)和用法,。

下一期“語(yǔ)法專題”你想學(xué)點(diǎn)什么呢,？歡迎在評(píng)論區(qū)留言哦~　

There be 句型的用法：表示某個(gè)地方存在某物或某人，Be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)必須依主語(yǔ)的變化而變化,。(單數(shù)is  復(fù)數(shù)are )

eg：There is a table in the room. 房間里有一張桌子,。 

There are some birds on the tree.樹上有很多鳥。

1.常見(jiàn)句型結(jié)構(gòu)

（一）There is 單數(shù)可數(shù) 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)

        eg：There is a ruler on the desk. 書桌上有一把尺,。    

（二）There are 復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ) 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)  

eg：There are four apples on the tree.  樹上有四個(gè)蘋果。

 There are some flowers in the park.    公園里有許多花,。

（三）there is 不可數(shù)名詞 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) （即使有some 也是 單數(shù)）

         eg：There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水,。 （水是不可數(shù)名詞）

2. There be選擇就近原則：

There be句型的就近原則是There be句型中語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)。There be句型中be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由最挨近的一項(xiàng)的單復(fù)數(shù)決定,。

如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.  

(在本句中盡管有鋼筆,、書和鉛筆，但是由于離be動(dòng)詞最近的一項(xiàng)是單數(shù)a pen,，因此,，be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)is。)

（一）There be 句型的疑問(wèn)  

1. 在“There is/are...”的疑問(wèn)句中,要把Be動(dòng)詞放在there之前,并將句號(hào)變問(wèn)號(hào),。難點(diǎn):句中出現(xiàn)的some要改成any。             

2. 肯定回答為：Yes, there is/are.

3. 否定回答為:  No, there isn’t/aren’t.   

eg: 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)1. 肯定句There is an apple on the tree.

疑問(wèn)句 Is there an apple on the tree?

肯定回答:    Yes, there is. 否定回答:    No, there isn’t.

可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)2. 肯定句There are five pens on the desk.

疑問(wèn)句Are there five pens on the desk?

肯定回答:    Yes, there are. 否定回答   No, there aren’t.

不可數(shù)名詞的時(shí)候 3.肯定句 There is some water in the cup.  （水是不可數(shù)名詞）

否定句 Is there any water in the cup?

肯定回答:    Yes, there is. 否定回答:    No, there isn’t.

（二）There be 句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句： 

There be句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式有以下三種變化： 

① 對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí),，用\'Who\'s 介詞短語(yǔ)?\',；

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，用\'What\'s 介詞短語(yǔ)?\',。

（注意：無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),，對(duì)之提問(wèn)時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定)。）

② 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：提問(wèn)地點(diǎn)用'Where is / are 主語(yǔ)?\'

③對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：
How many 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 are there 介詞短語(yǔ),？
How much 不可數(shù)名詞 is there 介詞短語(yǔ),？

eg:How many people are there in the picture?

    How much water is there in the bottle ?

There be 句型的否定：  否定形式只要在be動(dòng)詞后面加not即可,，is not =isn’t  are not= aren’t

但要注意的是句中如果出現(xiàn)some則改成any.

1.There is a knife in the kitchen.   

——否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.

2.There are five apples on the tree.

—— 否定:There are not five apples on the tree.

3.There is some water in the bottle.  

——否定:There is not any water in the bottle.

4.There are some birds singing in the tree. 

——否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.

一,、選擇題

1、There               a meeting tonight. 

A will be       B had be         C is going be        D was

2,、There     a knock at the door just now .

A will be       B has been       C were         D was

3,、There　　a pen and two books on the desk now.

 A are      B be       C is         D was

4,、There is _____ on the floor．

A．cat 　　B．water 　　C．boxes 　D．football

5、There are _____ on the floor．

A．cat 　　B．water 　　　C．boxes 　　D．football

二,、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：

１,、（將句子轉(zhuǎn)換成否定句）There is a bike behind the tree.

2、（將句子轉(zhuǎn)換成否定句）There are some books on the desk .

3,、（將句子轉(zhuǎn)換成一般疑問(wèn)句）There is some water on Mars.

三,、句子畫線部分提問(wèn)

１、There are many things over there.

2,、There is a little girl in the room.　 

3,、There are four children on the playground.

4、There are three women in the picture .

5,、There is some water in the bottle .

參考答案：

一,、選擇題

1.首先觀察題目本身的提示tonight，判斷該題的時(shí)態(tài)是將來(lái)時(shí),，首先排除選項(xiàng)Ａ和Ｄ,。Ｃ選項(xiàng)的結(jié)構(gòu)不正確，故選Ａ,。

2,、首先觀察題目本身的提示just now，判斷該題的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),，首先排除選項(xiàng)Ａ和Ｂ,。Ｃ選項(xiàng)是復(fù)數(shù)，不符和題意,，故選Ｄ,。

3、首先觀察題目本身的提示now,，判斷該題的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，首先排除選項(xiàng)Ｄ,。選項(xiàng)B為原形不正確,，排除。雖然原句中的主語(yǔ)是a pen and two books,，但是根據(jù)就近原則,，離there be 最近的是a pen，選項(xiàng)Ａ為復(fù)數(shù)形式,，排除,。故選Ｃ。

4,、 由is可知主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,，而A,、D項(xiàng)中都缺少冠詞a，故選B,，

5,、由are可知主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，而A,，Ｄ選項(xiàng)為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),。Ｂ選項(xiàng)為不可數(shù)名詞，故選Ｃ,。

二,、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：

１、There isn't a bike behind the tree.

2,、There aren't any bikes behind the tree.

3,、Is there any water on Mars?

三、就句子畫線部分提問(wèn)

１,、What's over there?

2,、 Who is in the room?

3、Where are the four children?

4,、How many women are there in the picture?

5,、How much water is there in the bottle ?