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小學英語語法（全）及專項練習題 一、名詞復數規(guī)則 1．一般情況下,，直接加-s,，如：book-books,bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加-es,，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3．以“輔音字母+y”結尾,，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4．以“f或fe”結尾,，變f或fe為v, 再加-es,，如：knife-knives 5．不規(guī)則名詞復數： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 練習：寫出下列各詞的復數 I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________ 二、一般現在時 一般現在時的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征,、狀態(tài),。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。 2.表示經常性或習慣性的動作,。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床,。 3.表示客觀現實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉,。 一般現在時的構成 1. be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它,。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。 2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它),。如：We study English.我們學習英語,。 當主語為第三人稱單數(he, she,it)時，要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es",。如： Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語,。 提示詞：sometimes有時 often經常usually 通常 always總是 every day 每天 單復數區(qū)分：I You We They Mike and Sarah The elephants +動詞原形 He She It Mike The elephant +動詞 s es 一般現在時的變化 1. be動詞的變化。 否定句：主語+ be + not +其它,。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人,。 一般疑問句：be +主語+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行為動詞的變化,。 否定句：主語+ don't( doesn't ) +動詞原形(+其它),。如：I don't like bread. 當主語為第三人稱單數時，要用doesn't構成否定句,。如：He doesn't often play. 一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它,。如： - Do you often play football? -Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 當主語為第三人稱單數時，要用does構成一般疑問句,。如： - Does she go to work by bike? -Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work? 動詞+s的變化規(guī)則 1．一般情況下,，直接加-s,，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks 2．以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾，加-es,，如：do—does, go-goes, guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, catch—catches 3．以“輔音字母+y”結尾,，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies fly—flies 以元音加y結尾的,，直接加s,，如： play—plays 4. have—has 一般現在時用法專練: 一、 寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數 drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______ 二,、用括號內動詞的適當形式填空,。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20.－What day _______(be) it today? － It’sSaturday. 三、現在進行時 1．現在進行時表示現在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作,，也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現階段正在進行的動作,。 2．現在進行時的肯定句基本結構為be+動詞ing. 3．現在進行時的否定句在be后加not。 4．現在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調到句首,。 5．現在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結構為：疑問詞+ be + 主語 + 動詞ing? 但疑問詞當主語時其結構為：疑問詞+ be + 動詞ing? 提示詞：now現在 am is are 固定搭配： I am You are He is She is We are They are It is Mike is Mike and Sarah are The elephant is The elephants are 動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則 1．一般情況下,，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2．以不發(fā)音的e結尾,，去e加ing,，如：make—making use—using take—taking have—having ride—riding dive—diving write—writing dance—dancing taste-tasting 3．如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母,，再加ing,，如： stop-stopping get—getting set—setting run—running swim—swimming put—putting 現在進行時專項練習： 一、寫出下列動詞的現在分詞： play________ run__________ swim _________make__________go_________like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________sing ________ dance_________put_________ see________ buy _________love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________give __________fly_________ plant _________ask ________ smoke ______ 二,、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空： 1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _______________ (sing) in the classroom. 3. My mother _________________ (cook) some nice food now. 4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now? 5. Look. They _______________( have) an English lesson . 6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music. 9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes, she is. 四,、一般將來時 一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算,、計劃或準備做某事,。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 提示詞：next week 下周 tomorrow明天 二、基本結構：①be going to + do,；②will+ do. 三,、否定句：在be動詞（am, is, are）l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成won’t 例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnicthis afternoon. 四、一般疑問句： be或will提到句首,，some改為any, and改為or,，第一二人稱互換。 例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on anouting this weekend? 五,、對劃線部分提問,。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況,。 1. 問人,。Who 例如：I’m going to New Yorksoon. →Who’s going to New Yorksoon. 2.問干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is yourfather going to do with you this afternoon. 3.問什么時候,。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed? 六,、同義句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 一般將來時專項練習： 1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends. I ________ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下個星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球,。 What ______ ______ _______ _______ ______ next Monday? I ____ ____ _____playbasketball. What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball. 3. 你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎,？是，她要去買一些水果,。 _____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit. 4. 你們打算什么時候見面,。What time_______ you _________ __________ meet? 5. Nancyis going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy ________ going to go camping. 6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）I _______ go ______ join them. 7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑問句） ________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑問句） _______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 9. She is going to listen to music after school.（對劃線部分提問） ________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic thisafternoon. 12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week. 13. Tom often _______ (go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He______(go) to school by bike. 14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually ______ (watch) TVand_____ (catch) insects? 15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects. 16.What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) appleson a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows. 17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday. 19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday. 20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now 用“ have, has ”填空。 1. I_________ a nice puppet. 2. He_________a good friend. 3. They__________ some masks. 4. We___________some flowers. 5. She___________ a duck. 6. My father____________ a new bike. 7. Her mother___________a vase. 8. Our teacher_________ an English book. 9. Our teachers___________a basketball. 10. Their parents___________some blankets 11. Nancy_________many skirts. 12. David__________some jackets. 13. My friends__________a football. 14. What do you__________? 15. What does Mike__________? 16. What do your friends___________? 17. What does Helen___________? 18. His brother________a basketball. 19. Her sister_________a nice doll. 20. Miss Li__________an English book. 五,、一般過去時 1．一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作感謝,。 2．be動詞在一般過去時中的變化： ⑴am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)?b>was。（was not=wasn’t） ⑵are在一般過去時中變?yōu)?b>were,。（were not=weren’t） ⑶帶有was或were的句子,，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣,，即否定句在was或were后加not,，一般疑問句把was或were調到句首。 3．句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子 否定句：didn’t +動詞原形,，如：Jim didn’tgo home yesterday. 一般疑問句：在句首加did,，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim gohome yesterday? 特殊疑問句：⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形,？如：What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式,？如：Who went to home yesterday? 動詞過去式變化規(guī)則： 1．一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2．結尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3．末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4．以“輔音字母+y”結尾的,，變y為i,， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5．不規(guī)則動詞過去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got,go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put,make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode,speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 一般過去式專項練習 一,、寫出下列動詞的過去式 is, am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________ 二,、用be動詞的適當形式填空 1. I _______ at school just now. 2. He ________ at the camp last week. 3. We ________ students two years ago. 4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old lastyear. 6. There ________ an apple on the plateyesterday. 7. There ________ some milk in the fridge onSunday. 8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofayesterday evening. 9. I ______ an English teacher now. 10. She _______ happy yesterday. 11. They _______ glad to see each other last month. 12. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends. 13. The little dog _____ two years old this year. 14. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here. 15. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday. 16. It ______ Ben’s birthday last Friday. 17. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It_____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited. 三、用行為動詞的適當形式填空 1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night. 3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween. 4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on thefarm last week. 5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mikeyesterday. 6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroomlast PE lesson. 7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food lastSpring Festival. 8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______(dance) at the party. 9. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 10. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night. 11. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go) 12. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 13. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 14. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 15. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______. 16. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________(find) a beautiful butterfly. 17. We all ______ (have) a good time last night. 18. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 19. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday. 20. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read) 21. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play) 22. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now. 23. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____. 24. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 25. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday. 26. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. 27. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car. 28. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago. 29. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean) 30. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do) 31. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago. 32. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick) 33. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water) 34. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances. 35. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room. 36. What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk) 六,、人稱代詞和物主代詞 1,、人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個動詞之前（有時候位于than 之后），賓格一般位于動詞或介詞之后,。 2,、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時后面一般要帶上名詞,，名詞性則單獨使用,，后面不帶名詞。 人稱代詞 物主代詞 主格 賓格 形容詞性 名詞性 我 I me 我的 my mine 你,，你們 you you 你的,，你們的 your yours 他 he him 他的 his his 她 she her 她的 her hers 它 it it 它的 its its 我們 we us 我們的 our ours 他（她，它）們 they them 他（她,，它）們的 their theirs 練習：用所給詞的適當形式填空 1. That is not _________ kite. That kite isvery small, but ______ is very big. ( I ) 2. The dress is _________. Give it to_________. ( she ) 3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not_________ . ( I ) 4. _____ is my brother. ______name is Jack.Look! Those stamps are _____. ( he ) 5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colourare _________? ( you ) 6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________? ( she ) 7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? (you ) 8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they) 9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name isMimi. These cakes are _________. ( it ) 10. Are these ______ tickets? No, _____ are not ______. ______ aren’t here. (they ) 11. Shall _______ have a look at that classroom? That is _______ classroom. (we ) 12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she) 13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he ) 14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call ______ parents. (they ) 15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger! 16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she ) 17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we ) 18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they ) 19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much.( he ) 20. May I sit beside _________? ( you ) 21. Look at that desk. Those books are on _________. ( it) 22. The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she ) 用am, is, are 填空 1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. 2. The girl______ Jack's sister. 3. The dog _______ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home. 7. How _______ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 9. Whose dress ______ this? 10. Whose socks ______ they? 11. That ______ my red skirt. 12. Who ______ I? 13.The jeans ______ on the desk. 14.Here ______ a scarf for you. 15. Here ______ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _____ for me. 19. Some tea ______ in the glass. 20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there. 21. My sister's name ______Nancy. 22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil. 23. ______ David and Helen from England? 24. There ______ a girl in the room. 25. There ______ some apples on the tree. 26. _______ there any kites in the classroom? 27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle? 28. There _______ some bread on the plate. 29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 30. You,he and I ______ from China.
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