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一、 全部倒裝 全部倒裝是指將句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前.全部倒裝的句子通常只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí). 1,、 Here,There,Now,Then等副詞放在句首時(shí),句子要全部倒裝,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用come,go,be,lie,run等.例如： ① There comes the bus! ② Now comes your turn. 2,、 表示方位的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí),句子要全部倒裝,句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是come,go等表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞. ① The door opened and in came the headmaster. ② Up and up went the prices. ③ High flew the plane. 注意： ① 上述全部倒裝句中主語(yǔ)如為人稱代詞,應(yīng)放在動(dòng)詞前面. Here comes Mr.Lee. Here he comes. Auay went the students. Auay they went. ② 有時(shí)為了句子的平衡或強(qiáng)調(diào),將表語(yǔ)置于句首,也屬于全部倒裝. 例如：Gone are the days when we used the foreign oil. 二、 部分倒裝 部分倒裝是指將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一部分如助動(dòng)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)之前. 1、 否定副詞如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,以及含有no,not的短語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí),句子要部分倒裝. ① Never in my life have I heard such a thing. ② Little did we expect that he could come. ③ Not a single word did he say at the meeting. ④ By no means should we do like this. 注意：如上述句子中的否定副詞不置于句首時(shí),句子結(jié)構(gòu)不倒裝. 2、 以否定詞開頭的關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu) 注意：No sooner…than…,Hardly/scarcely…when…,Not only…but also,Not until… ① Not until late in the evening did he come back. ② Hardly had he got on the bus when he heard a shout. ③ Not only did he buy a bike for me but he also sent it to my house. 注意：No sooner…than…；hardly…when,；not only…but also這類句型,只將前半部分倒裝,后半部分用正常語(yǔ)序. 3、 當(dāng)only置于句首修飾狀語(yǔ)時(shí),句子要部分倒裝. ① Only in this way can we learn English well. ② Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 4,、 so,neither,nor在句首表示“也”或“也不”句子要部分倒裝. ① Tom is very kind.So am I. ② I like English.So does Jack. ③ I can’t speak English.Nor/Neither can he. 注意：so 后主,、謂語(yǔ)不倒裝表示前面所述內(nèi)容的肯定、確定. 試比較： Tom is very kind.So am I.(兩個(gè)人,一樣情形) Tom is very kind.So he is.（一個(gè)人,一種情形） 湯姆非常和藹.他就是如此. 5,、 由as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,從句形成倒裝. ① Child as he was,he could speak five languages. ② Hard as he work,you can’t support your family. ③ Try as you do,you will ever win. 注意:表語(yǔ)為單數(shù)名詞時(shí),不定冠詞“a”應(yīng)被省去. She–maker as he was,he was very happy. 6,、 so…that/such…that句型中so,such 位于句首時(shí),句子要部分倒裝. ① So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. 7、 省略了if 的虛擬條件從句中,主謂形成了部分倒裝（虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件句中,省略 if 后,had,were,should等應(yīng)提前） ① Had you told me earlier,I could have done something . ② Should anyone call,tell him to call in the afternoon. ③ Were I you,I would try it again. |
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