來源:生物谷 2016-04-05 00:18 圖片來源:medicalxpress.com 2016年4月4日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日,來自德國馬克斯普朗克研究所(Max Planck Institute)的研究人員通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn),,大腦細胞不僅會告知饑餓的小鼠去尋找食物,,而且還會通過機體棕色脂肪來限制血糖的使用,該機制或可確保在食物量不足的情況下小鼠依然保持足夠的生存率,,相關研究刊登于國際雜志Cell上,。 當我們饑餓的時候會發(fā)生什么?我們的大腦如何控制能量消耗,?為了回答這些問題,,研究人員Jens Bruning及其同事分析了大腦中名為AgRP的一類特殊神經(jīng)元細胞的功能,這些神經(jīng)細胞位于海馬體,,長期以來科學家們認為在機體饑餓的狀態(tài)下這些細胞控制著攝食行為的表現(xiàn),。 近來,研究者發(fā)現(xiàn),,在小鼠機體中神經(jīng)元AgRP可以利用一種額外的機制來調(diào)節(jié)機體中的糖類代謝,,而當小鼠處于饑餓或不能找到食物的時候,這些神經(jīng)元可以告訴小鼠機體如何利用較少量的糖類來維持生命,。 研究者表示,,神經(jīng)元AgRP同機體的棕色脂肪組織(棕色脂肪)密切相關,當這些神經(jīng)元被激活時,,棕色脂肪組織中的細胞就會被重新編程,其就會產(chǎn)生一種不同類型的蛋白,,比如高水平的肌肉生長抑制素(Myostatin),。肌肉生長抑制素通常是在肌肉細胞中被發(fā)現(xiàn)的,其可以減緩肌肉的生長,,如今科學家們則首次發(fā)現(xiàn),,肌肉生長抑制素可以直接控制棕色脂肪對胰島素的敏感性,胰島素可以指揮機體如何利用血糖,。 AgRP神經(jīng)元,、肌肉生長抑制素及胰島素并不僅僅存在于小鼠機體中,其同樣也存在于人類機體中,肥胖和2型糖尿病都和AgRP神經(jīng)元的慢性激活直接相關,,至少在小鼠中是這樣的,;而這種特殊機制或可幫助解釋為何AgRP神經(jīng)元和上述疾病的發(fā)病相關;下一步研究人員想去深入研究來闡明是否這些神經(jīng)細胞可以控制人類機體中棕色脂肪對胰島素的敏感性,。(生物谷Bioon.com) 本文系生物谷原創(chuàng)編譯整理,,歡迎轉(zhuǎn)載!點擊 獲取授權 ,。更多資訊請下載生物谷APP. Steculorum et al. AgRP Neurons Control Systemic Insulin Sensitivity via Myostatin Expression in Brown Adipose Tissue Sophie M. Steculorum et al. Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research in Cologne have discovered brain cells that not only tell hungry mice to search for food, but also to limit blood sugar use by the brown fat tissue. This could ensure the survival of mice when they cannot find enough to eat. What happens when we get hungry? How does the brain control energy expenditure? To find answers to these questions a research team led by Jens Brüning, director of the Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, analyzed the function of a specific class of nerve cells in the brain, called AgRP neurons. "These nerve cells are located in the hypothalamus, which can be seen as the brain command center controlling appetite", explains Sophie Steculorum, one of the authors of the study and associate of Brüning. "It has already been known for a few years that these cells control feeding behavior in hunger states". In the recent study, researchers demonstrated that in mice AgRP neurons use an additional mechanism to regulate the sugar metabolism in the body. "These AgRP neurons tell the body to use less blood sugar when the mouse is hungry and cannot find food", says Johan Ruud, co-author of the study. |
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