主謂一致之語法一致原則（二）

今天這一講，Master Osifu English為大家講解主謂一致的語法一致原則,，何謂語法一致,？語法一致就是謂語動(dòng)詞和主語在單復(fù)數(shù)形式上保持一致。Master Osifu English以例句形式為大家列出,。

1.以單數(shù)名詞或代詞,、動(dòng)詞不定式短語、動(dòng)名詞短語或從句作主語時(shí),，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式,；主語為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

例如：His father is working on the farm.

To study English well is not easy.

What he said is very important for us all.

The children were in the classroom two hours ago.

Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.

注意:由what 引導(dǎo)的主語從句,，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞多數(shù)情況用單數(shù)形式,，但若表語是復(fù)數(shù)或what從句是一個(gè)帶有復(fù)數(shù)意義的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞也可用復(fù)數(shù)形式,。

例如：What I bought were three English books.

What I say and do is/are helpful to you.

2.由連接詞and或both…and連接起來的主語后面,，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語動(dòng)詞。

例如：Lucy and Lily are twins.

She and I are chlassmates.

The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news.

Both she and he are Young Pioneers.

注意：(1).若and所連接的兩個(gè)詞是指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí),，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式,。

例如：The write and artist has come.

(2).由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語前如果有no, each, every more than a/an, many a/an 修飾時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,。

例如：Every student and every teacher was in the room.

No boy and no girl likes it.

3.主語為單數(shù)名詞或代詞,，盡管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短語，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式,；若主語為復(fù)數(shù),，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

例如：Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.

Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.

She, like you and Tom, is very tall.

4.either, neither, each, every 或no+單數(shù)名詞和由some, any, no, every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞,，都作單數(shù)看待,。

例如：Each of us has a new book.

Everything around us is matter.

注意：(1).在口語中，當(dāng)either 或neither后跟有 ‘of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞’作主語時(shí),，其謂語動(dòng)詞也可用復(fù)數(shù),。

例如：Neither of the texts is/are interesting.

(2).若none of 后面的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),；若后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù),，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)均可,。

例如：None of us has/have been to America.

下面練習(xí)幾個(gè)題,，幫大家鞏固此知識(shí)點(diǎn)。

1.Every boy and every girl____to attend the evening party.

A.wish  B.wishes  C.is like  D.like

解析：答案B.

此題考查的是單數(shù)名詞前由every來修飾時(shí),，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù),，根據(jù)句意，故選B.

2.Alice, together with two boys,____for having broken the rule.

A.was punished  B. punished  C.were punished  D.being punished

解析：答案A.

此題考查的是主語后跟together with 詞組時(shí),，謂語動(dòng)詞與主語保持一致,，主語Alice為單數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞也為單數(shù),，根據(jù)句意,，故選A.

3.The great writer and professor_____.

A. is an old man and a young man B.are both old men  C. is an old man D.were two Chinese

解析：答案C.

此題考查的是雖然主語中的兩個(gè)名詞由and連接，但指的是一人身兼二職,，故選A.

4.The League secretary and the monitor____asked to attend the meeting this afternoon.

A.is   B.was   C.is being  D.are

解析：答案D.

此題考查的是主語由and連接,，有兩個(gè)人,，是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式,，故選D.

今天的語法點(diǎn)看起來多,，但不復(fù)雜。Master Osifu English希望大家通過習(xí)題演練能夠熟練掌握,。