Tomcat vs Apache：您鐘情于哪一款

本文探討了 Apache 與 Apache Tomcat 之間的區(qū)別,，幫助開發(fā)者選擇更加適宜的Web服務器。

當你選擇使用哪種Web服務器時,，或許會因它們的差異性和技術(shù)細節(jié)等方面而困擾,。如何區(qū)分Web服務器以及如何為你的項目挑選一款最佳的Web服務器，或許對你來說這是一個很難的決定,。鑒于Apache目前最流行的一款Web服務器,，本文將探討Apache與Apache Tomcat兩者之間的區(qū)別，以滿足不同開發(fā)者的需求,。

Apache Web服務器通常比稱之為“Apache”或者“httpd”,，1995年由Robert Mc Cool和他的團隊開發(fā)，由Apache軟件基金會提供支持與維護,。Apache是目前最流行的Web應用服務器,，擁有超過一億的網(wǎng)站用戶，占據(jù)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)應用服務器63%的份額，以及全球最繁忙網(wǎng)站中有66%采用Apache的（比方說,，維基百科網(wǎng)站服務器就是使用Apache）,。

Apache

Apache獲得了巨大的成就，它是一項完全開源的項目,，其成功的大部分原因應歸功于免費,、穩(wěn)定且性能卓越。Apache Web服務器是一個用C語言實現(xiàn)的HTTP Web服務器,，支持各種特性和模塊從而來擴展核心功能,。

Apache的優(yōu)越特性：

• 訪問靜態(tài)頁面比Tomcat要快
• Apache有更多的配置選項
• 支持CGI 腳本，Server API模塊,，Perl,，PHP等

Apache最大的缺點是不支持Java Servlets或JavaServer Pages(JSP)，無法在Apache Web服務器上運行,，Tomcat由此而誕生,。

Apache Tomcat

Apache Tomcat又被稱之為“Tomcat”是一款開源的Web服務器，Jakarta項目中的一個核心項目,，1999年被開發(fā)而成,，支持Servlet和JSP，由Apache軟件基金會提供支持與維護,。

Tomcat是靠Java實現(xiàn)的,，支持Java Servlets和JavaServer Pages(JSP)，由Oracle公司指定的,，因JSPs而著稱,。

Tomcat部分是Apache服務器的擴展，但它是獨立運行的,，所以當Apache Tomcat運行tomcat時,，它實際上是作為一個與Apache獨立的進程單獨運行的。

提供Tomcat獨立運行的幾個不同的安裝方法：

1. 當運行在Java-based Web服務器時,，Tomcat可以“獨立”的模式使用,，可當做Web服務器的組件。Tomcat將成為在你的JSP環(huán)境中管理和以用戶名義調(diào)用servlets的一種servlets容器,，大都數(shù)Web服務器不是Java-based系統(tǒng),，這也就意味著你必須選擇一個不同的安裝設置。
2. 當Tomcat配置Apache服務器運行時,，你可以以一個附加的Servlet容器運行“in-process”,，就像是以獨立的模式運行，但是必須與Apache相結(jié)合,。它以Web服務器插件和Java容器實現(xiàn)的一種組合可運行在JVM之外的Web服務器,。該方法非常適合多線程，單一進程服務器且提供良好的性能,。
3. “out-of-process”,，允許Tomcat以Web服務器插件和Java容器實現(xiàn)的一種組合可在Web服務器之外運行。通過使用IPC機制如TCP/IP通信協(xié)議來傳輸Java容器JVM和Web服務器插件之間的數(shù)據(jù),。當有請求被發(fā)送至Web服務器時,，通過Servlet請求插件接收request，并把request傳輸給Java容器,。與運行“in-process”相反,，當響應時間不在最佳狀態(tài)時，用“out-of-process”方式能夠幫助你更好地執(zhí)行可擴展性和穩(wěn)定性,。

Tomcat的優(yōu)越特性：

• 提供Java Servlet和JSP支持動態(tài)服務器網(wǎng)頁
• 一個輕量級應用服務器
• 可在不同的模式中運行,，以提高其性能

如果你對它們都感興趣的話，這里還提供了 Apache training 和 Tomcattraining 學習課程,。

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Tomcat vs. Apache: Why One Over the Other

When determining which type of web server to use, the differences and technical details can be daunting. It can be a difficult task to compare web servers and make the decision on which is best for you and your project. Since Apache is currently the most popular web server, this article will discuss the differences between the Apache Web Server and Apache Tomcat, which are very different and fulfill different needs.

The Apache Web Server, often just called “Apache” or “httpd”, was developed in 1995 by Robert McCool and continuous development as well as maintenance is provided by the Apache Software Foundation. Known as the most popular web server, it has surpassed over 100 million websites and serves 63% of all websites as well as 66% of the million busiest. This is a huge accomplishment for a server that is an entirely an open-source project but the fact that it is free is one of the biggest reason for such a huge following.

Apache

The Apache Web Server is a C language implementation of an HTTP web server and can run a variety of features and modules to extend the core functionality.

Here are some points in favor of the Apache Web Server over Tomcat:

• It is faster than Tomcat when serving static pages
• Apache has more configuration options than Tomcat
• Supports CGI scripts, Server API modules, Perl, PHP, etc…

The big downside for Apache is the lack of functionality for Java Servlets or JavaServer Pages, which cannot be run with Apache’s web server. Tomcat was created to address this problem.

Apache Tomcat

Apache Tomcat, otherwise known as “Tomcat” is an open-source web server that started as a servlet reference in 1999 and is developed and maintained by the Apache Software Foundation. It is a Java implementation that runs Java Servlets and JavaServer Pages, known as JSPs, as specified from Oracle. Often used together, Tomcat can be a valuable addition to your Apache Web Server installation; however, Tomcat can also stand on its own as a web server without Apache. 

There are different installation methods and way that Tomcat can run to either supplement your Apache Web Server or run on its own:

• When running a Java-based web server, Tomcat can be used in “standalone” mode, which allows it to be used as a component to the web server. Tomcat will become a servlet container in your JSP environment that manages and invokes servlets on behalf of users. However, most web servers are not Java-based, which means you have to choose a different installation setup.
• When running Tomcat with Apache, you can run it “in-process” as an add-on servlet container, much like it would run in standalone mode but in conjunction with Apache. It runs as a combination of web server plugin and Java container implementation that runs in a JVM outside the web server. This method is great for multi-threaded, single-process servers and provides good performance at the price of scalability.
• The last installation method is “out-of-process”, which allows Tomcat to run as a combination of a web server plugin and Java container implementation that runs outside of the web server. Communication between the Java container JVM and the web server plugin happens using an IPC mechanism such as TCP/IP sockets. When a request comes in to the web server that requires a Servlet, the plugin takes over the request and passes it to the Java container. You get the opposite benefits of running “in-process” since the response time is not as optimal but the “out-of-process” method performs better in scalability and stability.

Here are some points in favor of Tomcat over Apache httpd Web Server:

• Provides the Java Servlet and JSP support for dynamically served pages
• Works as a light-weight testing server
• Can be run in different modes to promote better performance

If you are interested in learning beyond the overview of each server, we provide both Apache trainingand Tomcat training courses as part of LearnComputer’s regular curriculum.

For users that need to run Java Servlets or JavaServer pages, Tomcat is definitely the best implementation for you. However, if you are running a lot of static pages or need other dynamic techniques, you may want to stick with the Apache Web Server and run Tomcat either in- or out-of-process to get the Java support that you need. Either way, you will know that you are running one of the best web servers available without having to pay unnecessary cost for it.

翻譯原文：  

Tomcat  vs Apache：您鐘情于哪一款（中文）
Tomcat vs Apache：Why One Over the Other（英文）