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【轉(zhuǎn)載】2012年大事記：太空篇

 山鄉(xiāng)武俠 2013-01-02

2012年大事記：太空篇  

 

卡西尼號飛船把這個鑲嵌土星及其光環(huán)對陣太陽,，使用紅外線,，紅色和紫色光譜過濾器結(jié)合起來,，創(chuàng)造一個增強色背光的,。 還抓獲了土星的衛(wèi)星,，土衛(wèi)二和土衛(wèi)三,。 同時出現(xiàn)在左側(cè)的星球,，低于環(huán)。
卡西尼號飛船把這個鑲嵌土星及其光環(huán)對陣太陽,，使用紅外線,，紅色和紫色光譜過濾器結(jié)合起來，創(chuàng)造一個增強色背光的,。還抓獲了土星的衛(wèi)星,，土衛(wèi)二和土衛(wèi)三。同時出現(xiàn)在左側(cè)的星

This is a composite of a series of images photographed from a mounted camera on the International Space Station, from approximately 240 miles above Earth. Expedition 31 Flight Engineer Don Pettit said: 'My star trail images are made by taking a time exposure of about 10 to 15 minutes. However, with modern digital cameras, 30 seconds is about the longest exposure possible. To achieve the longer exposures I take multiple 30-second exposures, then 'stack' them using imaging software, thus producing the longer exposure.' A total of 18 images were combined to create this composite.
這是一個復(fù)合的一系列從國際空間站上安裝的攝像頭拍攝的圖像,，從地球上空約240公里,。31遠征隊飛行工程師唐·佩蒂特說：“我的星跡圖像是由約10至15分鐘的時間暴露。然而,，現(xiàn)代的數(shù)碼相機,，30秒是可能的最長曝光。為了實現(xiàn)更長時間的曝光,，我需要多個30秒的曝光,，然后選擇“堆疊使用圖像處理軟件，從而產(chǎn)生較長的曝光,。一共有18幅圖像相結(jié)合,，創(chuàng)建復(fù)合材料。
The top-twelve most epic spacewalks of all time: Nasa space shuttle and the International Space Station
宇航員布魯斯·麥坎德利斯自由漂浮在地球上空在他的載人機動裝置（MMU）在10日的航天飛機飛行任務(wù)41B在二月07,1984,。麥坎德利斯,，幫助設(shè)計的MMU，它飛行的第一人,，從而成為人類第一次衛(wèi)星在軌道上繞地球
Nasa's Solar Dynamics Observatory satellite captures an ultra-high definition image of the Transit of Venus across the face of the sun
美國宇航局的太陽動力學(xué)觀測衛(wèi)星捕捉到的超高清圖像的金星凌日的太陽
NASA astronaut Joe Acaba captured this image of Aurora Australis, also known as the Southern Lights, from the Tranquility node on the International Space Station, flying an altitude of approximately 240 miles
美國航空航天局宇航員喬Acaba拍下了這張圖像的南極光,，也被稱為南極光，從國際空間站上的安寧節(jié)點,，飛行高度約240公里的
Astronomers have assembled the deepest-ever view of the universe. Called the eXtreme Deep Field, or XDF, the photo was assembled by combining 10 years of NASA Hubble Space Telescope photographs taken of a patch of sky at the centre of the original Hubble Ultra Deep Field. The new full-colour XDF image contains about 5,500 galaxies even within its small field of view. The faintest galaxies are one ten-billionth the brightness of what the human eye can see.
天文學(xué)家已經(jīng)組建了有史以來最深的宇宙,。極端的后場,，或XDF,，這張照片是組裝相結(jié)合,，10年的美國航空航天局的哈勃太空望遠鏡拍攝的照片在原來的哈勃超深場中心的那片天空。新的全彩色XDF圖像包含約5500星系,，甚至在其視野小,。最暗的星系是一個10億的什么人的眼睛可以看到的亮度
A smiley face has been spootted in a crater on the planet Mercury
笑容可掬的一個的臉上已經(jīng)spootted，在火山口上的水星
...Vlad's second picture shows an emission nebula known as the Rosette Nebula. He says: 'It's roughly 5,000 light years from Earth and has a diameter of around 130 light years. This picture is a narrow band composite, combining data fromtwo different sources. Light emitted by excited hydrogen gas is coloured in red and light emitted by oxygen gas is coloured in teal.'
弗拉德Lapadatescu電訊報“讀者拍下了這張被稱為玫瑰星云的發(fā)射星云的圖像,。他說：這是從地球大約5000光年,，直徑約130光年。這張照片是窄帶復(fù)合,，,，結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)fromtwo不同的來源,。發(fā)射的光激發(fā)的氫氣是有色的，在紅色和發(fā)射的光由氧氣是著色為藍綠色
Telegraph reader Simon de Visscher sent us this astronomical picture of the bubble nebula, or NGC7635, in the constellation of Cassopeia. If you have a photograph you'd like us to consider for a picture gallery, please email it to mypic@, supplying a little info on where and when the picture was taken.
西蒙·比塞徹電訊報“讀者的氣泡星云,，或NGC7635,，給我們這個天文圖片，的星座Cassopeia
Supernova remnant 0509-67.5, located in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a small galaxy about 170,000 light-years from Earth, is pictured in this NASA/ESA handout Optical data of the supernova remnant and its accompanying star field, taken with the Hubble Space Telescope, are composited with X-ray images from the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The supernova that resulted in the creation of SNR 0509-67.5 occurred nearly 400 years ago for Earth viewers. The bubble-shaped shroud of gas is 23 light-years across and is expanding at more than 11 million miles per hour (5,000 kilometres per second).
超新星遺跡0509-67.5,，位于一個小星系大麥哲倫云（LMC）,，約17萬光年，從地球,，在本NASA / ESA講義的光學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)的超新星遺跡和與之配套的星域圖,，采取與哈勃太空望遠鏡，合成的錢德拉X射線天文臺的X射線圖像,。在創(chuàng)造SNR 0509-67.5的超新星,，導(dǎo)致發(fā)生在大約400年前，地球上的觀眾,。泡形罩的氣體是23光年,，并擴大在超過11每小時100萬英里（5,000公里每秒）。
Several tiny satellites are seen shortly after launch in this photograph taken by a crew member on the International Space Station. The satellites were released outside the Kibo laboratory using a Small Satellite Orbital Deployer attached to the Japanese module's robotic arm
幾個小衛(wèi)星在發(fā)射后不久就在此拍攝的照片由國際空間站上的一名船員,。衛(wèi)星被釋放外的希望“號實驗室使用的小衛(wèi)星軌道部署日本人模塊的機械手臂,。
A self-portrait of NASA's Mars rover Curiosity, combining nine images taken by the rover's Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) during the 34th Martian day, or sol, of Curiosity's work on Mars. Fine-grain Martian dust can be seen adhering to the wheels.
自畫像美國宇航局的火星漫游者的好奇心，9流動站的火星手持透鏡成像儀（抹利）拍攝的圖像在火星的第34天,，或溶膠,，好奇火星上的工作相結(jié)合,。細粒度的火星灰塵附在輪子,，可以看到
Roiling storm clouds and a swirling vortex at the centre of Saturn's north polar hexagon is seen in an image from NASA's Cassini mission. The camera was pointing toward Saturn from approximately 224,618 miles (361,488 kilometres) away.
滾滾的風(fēng)暴云和土星北極六邊形的中心旋轉(zhuǎn)渦被認為是在圖像由NASA的卡西尼號任務(wù)。相機朝向土星約224618英里（361488公里）的路程,。
A dying star is throwing a cosmic tantrum in this combined image from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope and the Galaxy Evolution Explorer. In death, the star's dusty outer layers are unravelling into space, glowing from the intense ultraviolet radiation being pumped out by the hot stellar core. This object called the Helix nebula, lies 650 light-years away in the constellation of Aquarius.
一個垂死的恒星拋出的宇宙發(fā)脾氣這種復(fù)合圖像由NASA的斯皮策太空望遠鏡和星系演化探測器,。在死的時候，明星的塵土飛揚的外層是解開送入太空,，泛著強烈的紫外線輻射被抽出的熱恒星的核心,。這個對象調(diào)用的螺旋星云，位于650光年遠的星座水瓶座的
The Hubble Space Telescope celebrates the holiday season with a striking image of the planetary nebula NGC 5198. The intricate structure of the stellar eruption looks like a giant and brightly coloured ribbon in space.
哈勃太空望遠鏡來慶祝這個節(jié)日的季節(jié),，行星狀星云NGC 5198,，一個鮮明的形象。復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)的恒星噴發(fā)看起來像一個巨大而明亮的彩帶在空間
An almost complete circle of bright pink nebulae skirts around a spiral galaxy in this NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image of NGC 922. The ring structure and the galaxy's distorted spiral shape result from a smaller galaxy scoring a cosmic bullseye, hitting the centre of NGC 922 some 330 million years ago.
一個幾乎完整的圓,，明亮的粉紅色星云NASA / ESA哈勃太空望遠鏡拍攝的NGC 922螺旋星系周圍的裙,。環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)和星系的螺旋形扭曲的結(jié)果從一個較小的星系宇宙的靶心得分，擊中NGC 922中心的大約330萬年前,。
Europe at night captured on 2 April 2012. In shot is the Soyuz TMA-03M module that carried André to the ISS in December 2011, and a Russian Progress freighter.
歐洲2012年4月2日晚上抓獲,。在拍攝的Soyuz TMA-03M模塊進行安德烈國際空間站于2011年12月,，和俄羅斯的進展貨輪
A huge bloom of Coccolithophore phytoplankton turns much of the Black Sea a bright cyan colour, in this NASA satellite image
一個巨大的盛開的顆石藻浮游植物滿多的黑海明亮的青色，在這個美國航天局的衛(wèi)星影像
This NASA/ESA Hubble image shows a pair of overlapping galaxies called NGC 3314. While the two galaxies look as if they are in the midst of a collision, this is in fact a trick of perspective: the two are in chance alignment from our vantage point.
美國航空航天局/歐空局的哈勃太空望遠鏡的圖像顯示了一對重疊的星系NGC 3314,。盡管這兩個星系看起來好像他們是在中間的碰撞,，這其實是一招角度：兩個機會從我們的有利位置對齊。
A long filament of solar material that had been hovering in the sun's atmosphere, the corona, erupts out into space. The coronal mass ejection, or CME, travelled at over 900 miles per second. The CME did not travel directly toward Earth, but did connect with Earth's magnetic environment, or magnetosphere, causing auroras to appear on the night of Monday, September 3.
一個長絲的太陽能電池材料,，一直徘徊在太陽的大氣,，光環(huán)，爆發(fā)出空間,。日冕物質(zhì)拋射,，CME，前往每秒超過900公里,。CME并沒有直接傳播朝向地球,，但沒有連接與地球的磁場環(huán)境中，或磁層,，引起極光出現(xiàn)在9月3日（星期一）晚上
Titan, Saturn's largest moon, is seen in front of the planet as Titan undergoes seasonal changes in this view from NASA's Cassini spacecraft. The moon measures 3,200 miles, or 5,150 kilometres, across and is larger than the planet Mercury. Cassini scientists have been watching the moon's south pole since a vortex appeared in its atmosphere in 2012.
前的地球,，土星最大的衛(wèi)星，土衛(wèi)六被認為是在土衛(wèi)六進行季節(jié)的變化,，這種觀點從美國宇航局的卡西尼號飛船,。月亮測量3200英里或5150公里的，交叉,，比水星大,。卡西尼科學(xué)家們一直在觀察月球的南極,，因為在它的大氣旋渦出現(xiàn)在2012年,。
The galaxy Centaurus A (NGC 5128) is pictured in an image taken with by the Wide Field Imager attached to the MPG/ESO 2.2-metre telescope at the La Silla Observatory in Chile. Centaurus A is a peculiar massive elliptical galaxy with a supermassive black hole at its heart.
星系半人馬座A（Centaurus A）（NGC 5128）是描繪在智利的拉西拉天文臺MPG / ESO 2.2米望遠鏡的寬視場成像儀拍攝的圖像。半人馬座A是一個奇特的巨大的橢圓星系的超大質(zhì)量黑洞在它的心臟,。
The Aurora Australis is seen in this picture taken by Dutch astronaut Andre Kuipers on board the International Space Station between Antarctica and Australia
南極光被認為是在南極洲和澳大利亞之間,，由荷蘭宇航員安德烈奎伯斯的拍攝的照片登上國際空間站的
Processed Solar Dynamics Observatory images in the 171 Angstrom wavelength of extreme ultraviolet show plasma in the solar atmosphere, called the corona
在171 Angstrom波長的太陽大氣中的極端紫外線節(jié)目等離子體處理的太陽動力學(xué)天文臺的圖像，稱為日冕
卡西尼號飛船把這個鑲嵌土星及其光環(huán)對陣太陽,，使用紅外線,，紅色和紫色光譜過濾器結(jié)合起來，創(chuàng)造一個增強色背光的,。 還抓獲了土星的衛(wèi)星,，土衛(wèi)二和土衛(wèi)三。 同時出現(xiàn)在左側(cè)的星球,，低于環(huán),。
這NASA / ESA哈勃太空望遠鏡拍攝的圖像顯示了鄰近螺旋星系M74。光明節(jié)的熾熱氣體補光燈的旋臂,，,，表明恒星形成豐富的環(huán)境,。梅西耶74，也被稱為NGC 628,，是一個盛大設(shè)計的螺旋星系,，被視為地球觀察員將近面臨的一個驚人的例子。完美對稱的旋臂從中央核發(fā)出,，并點綴著年輕的藍色恒星簇和發(fā)光的粉紅色區(qū)域的電離氫（他們已經(jīng)失去了他們的電子的氫原子）,。這些區(qū)域的恒星形成光過量的紫外線的波長。沿螺旋臂的跟蹤蜿蜒的塵埃帶,，也開始非常接近星系核和沿長度方向的旋臂,。M74是位于約32萬光年之遙的星座雙魚座，魚的方向,。它是占主導(dǎo)地位的一小群大約半打星系,，M74星系群的成員。在它的全部,，據(jù)估計,，M74是約100億分，略小于我們的銀河系

Mickey Mouse shapped craters spotted on Mercury - 18 Jun 2012 The image, released by NASA was taken to the northwest of the recently named crater Magritte, in Mercury's south
米老鼠形狀的隕石坑發(fā)現(xiàn)水星上,。公布的美國航空航天局的形象,，最近被任命為火山口馬格利特向西北，在水星的南部,。
Left: A photo of the British Isles viewed from space taken yesterday by NASA's Terra satellite. Right: The same view exactly one week ago, taken by NASA's Aqua satellite.
左：從英倫三島的空間,，2012年4月3日由美國宇航局的Terra衛(wèi)星的照片。在蘇格蘭地區(qū)的大約7英寸的積雪,。右：同樣的觀點早一個星期,，蘇格蘭部分地區(qū)經(jīng)歷了一年的時間，創(chuàng) ??紀錄的高溫,。
A layer of stratocumulus clouds over the Pacific Ocean serve as the backdrop for a rainbow-like optical phenomenon known as a glory. Glories generally appear as concentric rings of colour in front of mist or fog. They form when water droplets within clouds scatter sunlight back toward a source of illumination. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer on NASA's Terra satellite captured image on 21 June 2012 on the lee side of Guadalupe Island.
太平洋一層的層積云的大背景下,，作為一個彩虹般的光現(xiàn)象被稱為一種榮耀。榮譽通常會出現(xiàn)輕霧或霧前的同心環(huán)中的色彩,。時，它們形成云陽光散射照明光源的背對著內(nèi)的水滴,。2012年6月21日NASA的Terra衛(wèi)星上的中分辨率成像光譜儀拍攝的圖像上的背風(fēng)面瓜達盧佩島
This image from NOAA's GOES-13 satellite shows the massive Superstorm Sandy hitting the east coast of the US on October 28, 2012 at 1302 UTC
此圖片由NOAA的GOES-13衛(wèi)星顯示了巨大的Superstorm桑迪軸承在東海岸的美國
This NASA image, taken in ultraviolet, visible and red light by Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3, spans about 100 light-years. The nebula is close enough to Earth that Hubble can resolve individual stars, giving astronomers important information about the stars' birth and evolution. This massive, young stellar grouping, called R136, is only a few million years old and resides in the 30 Doradus Nebula, a turbulent star-birth region in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. There is no known star-forming region in the Milky Way Galaxy as large or as prolific as 30 Doradus. Many of the diamond-like icy blue stars are among the most massive stars known. Several of them are 100 times more massive than our sun.
這NASA的形象,，在紫外線，可見光和紅光哈勃望遠鏡的寬視場相機3,，寬度約100光年,。這個星云是足夠接近地球，哈勃可以解決個別的恒星,，恒星的誕生和演化的重要信息,，讓天文學(xué)家,。這種大規(guī)模的，年輕的恒星分組,，稱為R136,，是只有幾百萬歲，居住在劍魚座30號星云,，一個動蕩的的星級出生地區(qū)在大麥哲倫云的銀河系的衛(wèi)星星系,。沒有已知的恒星形成區(qū)在銀河系大或多產(chǎn)的劍魚座30號。許多鉆石般的冰冷的藍色恒星是已知最大的恒星,。其中有幾個質(zhì)量比我們的太陽大100倍以上,。
The planet Venus begins its transit across the Sun. The last transit was in 2004 and the next will not happen until 2117.
太陽，金星開始過境,。最后過境是在2004年和接下來會不會發(fā)生,，直到2117
NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope is shown in this handout photo released by NASA April 24, 2012. The telescope has revealed that the Sombrero galaxy, named after its appearance in visible light to a wide-brimmed hat is in fact two galaxies in one according to NASA
美國國家航空航天局的斯皮策太空望遠鏡發(fā)現(xiàn)，命名后,，其外觀在可見光寬邊帽,，草帽星系，其實是兩個星系在一個
This image from the 570-megapixel Dark Energy Camera on a mountaintop in Chile shows the barred spiral galaxy NGC 1365. The most powerful sky-mapping machine ever created has captured and recorded ancient starlight for the first time.
570萬像素的暗能量相機在智利的一個山頂上顯示此圖片的棒旋星系NGC 1365,。最強大的天空映射所創(chuàng)造的機器捕獲和記錄古老的星光第一次
The second of three images of ESO's GigaGalaxy Zoom project is a 340-million-pixel vista of the central parts of our galactic home. The image shows the region spanning the sky from the constellation of Sagittarius (the Archer) to Scorpius (the Scorpion). The dusty lane of our Milky Way runs obliquely through the image, dotted with bright, reddish nebulae. This dark lane also hosts the very centre of our galaxy, where a supermassive black hole is lurking. This mosaic was assembled from 52 different sky fields made from about 1,200 individual images totalling 200 hours exposure time, with the final image having a size of 24,403 x 13,973 pixels.
第二,，三種圖像的ESO的GigaGalaxy的變焦項目的中央部分，我們的銀河系的家是一個340萬像素的遠景,。該圖像顯示了區(qū)域橫跨天空人馬座（射手）到天蝎座（蝎子）,。我們的銀河系在塵土飛揚的行車通過圖像傾斜運行，點綴著明亮,，紅色的星云,。黑暗里還承載我們的銀河系的中心，一個超大質(zhì)量的黑洞潛伏,。馬賽克是組裝來自52個不同的的天空領(lǐng)域取得約1200名個人總計200小時的曝光時間,，最終的圖像，其大小為24,403 x 13,973像素的圖像,。
Auroras over North America are seen from space on the morning of 8 October 2012. Overnight on October 4-5, 2012, a mass of energetic particles from the atmosphere of the Sun were flung out into space, a phenomenon known as a coronal mass ejection. Three days later, the storm from the Sun stirred up the magnetic field around Earth and produced displays of northern lights.
2012年10月8號上午,，從太空中看到極光遍布北美。夜宿于2012年10月4-5日,，從大氣中的太陽高能粒子的質(zhì)量甩出進入太空,，這種現(xiàn)象被稱為日冕物質(zhì)拋射。三天后,，從太陽風(fēng)暴激起了圍繞地球的磁場和生產(chǎn)的北極光顯示
This image released by the European Southern Observatory (ESO) shows the globular cluster NGC 6362, captured by the Wide Field Imager attached to the MPG/ESO 2.2-metre telescope at ESO's La Silla Observatory in Chile. This brilliant ball of ancient stars lies in the southern constellation of Ara (The Altar).
這個由歐洲南方天文臺（ESO）公布的圖片顯示的球狀星團NGC 6362,，連接到ESO拉西拉天文臺MPG / ESO 2.2米望遠鏡在智利的寬視場成像儀拍攝的。這輝煌的古老的恒星球是在南天的ARA（祭壇）,。

The Cassini-Huygens mission captured this view of Saturn's moons Titan (L) and Tethys partially obscured by the planet's rings
卡西尼-惠更斯任務(wù)拍攝的土星的衛(wèi)星土衛(wèi)六（L）和特提斯這種觀點的部分被地球上的戒指
A prominence eruption shoots off the sun. The flare was accompanied by a coronal mass ejection (CME), a huge burst of solar wind that throws massive quantities of electromagnetic radiation into space.
一個突出的火山噴發(fā)拍攝了陽光,。伴隨著耀斑日冕物質(zhì)拋射（CME）,，太陽風(fēng)爆發(fā)出巨大的空間拋出大量的電磁輻射量。
This image released by Nasa shows nebula VdB 152, a cosmic phantom nearly 1,400 light-years away. It lies along the northern Milky Way in the constellation Cepheus.
這由美國國家航空航天局公布的圖片顯示的星云VDB 152,，近1400光年遠的宇宙幻象,。它位于沿北天河的星座仙王座
UK and Ireland by night, with the Aurora Borealis on the horizon, on 28 March 2012
英國和愛爾蘭的夜晚，北極光在地平線上,，2012年3月28日
This image shows what NASA has dubbed the UFO Galaxy. The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope captured spiral galaxy NGC 2683 almost edge-on, giving it the shape of a classic science fiction spaceship.
此圖片顯示了NASA已被稱為UFO銀河,。美國航空航天局/歐空局的哈勃太空望遠鏡拍攝的螺旋星系NGC 2683的邊緣上，給它一個經(jīng)典的科幻飛船的形狀
The lights of London are captured by ESA astronaut Andre Kuipers, from on board the International Space Station
倫敦的燈光被捕獲由歐洲航天局宇航員Andre Kuipers,，登上國際空間站的
One of the Expedition 34 crew members aboard the International Space Station captured this image of Super Typhoon Bopha as it was bearing down on the Philippines with winds of 135 miles per hour
一個探險隊的34名船員登上國際空間站拍攝的圖像,，因為它是風(fēng)的135英里每小時軸承在菲律賓的超強臺風(fēng)“寶霞
NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) spacecraft took this image showing the sun being partially blocked by Earth. Twice a year, for three weeks near the equinox, SDO moves into its eclipse season - a time when Earth blocks its view of the sun for a period of time each day.
美國宇航局的太陽動力學(xué)天文臺（SDO）飛船把這個圖像顯示部分阻斷地球的太陽。每年兩次,，三個星期的春分,，SDO進入其食季-附近時，地球擋住自己的觀點,，在陽光下一段時間的每一天,。

    

【轉(zhuǎn)載】看世界20120826 - sdjnwzg - WZG的博客

  

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