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Memery Management in Linux Kernel

 zxlvxj 2012-11-15
                                    _______________________
                                   |                                                    |
                                   |     cache  <------>   CPU          |
                                   |                                    ^              |
                                   |     register                  |               |
                                   |                                   V              |
                                   |                                MMU          |
                                   |_______________/      \____ |
         _______                                            |  A  |                                                __________
        |   GPU    | <------------------------------  |  H  |----------------------------------> |         DDR      |
        |_______|                                           |  B  |                                              |__________ |
                                                                     \      /
                                                                        -                                                
                                                                      /    \
                                                                      |A |                                              ________
                                                                      |P |---------------------------------->|     USB    |
                                                                      |B |                                             | _______ |
                                                                      \    /
                                                                        -
                                                            (ARM 架構)
                CPU發(fā)出一個VA(Virtual address),,MMU接收到VA后,,會將VA轉(zhuǎn)換為PA(physical address),,其轉(zhuǎn)換機制如下:
                        1,、MMU收到VA
                        2,、分配一個PT(page table),,而VA的高20位(32 位)作為PT的index
                        3,、 MMU根據(jù)VA的高20位在PT中找到與之對應的某一項,,并把該項中的高20位作為PA的高20位
                        4、 MMU把VA中的低12位作為PA的低12位,得到PA
                    VA :_________________________________
                            | ____________________|____________ | ----------------------------------
                            |-------------------------------------|                                                                        |
                                                |                                                                                                   |
                   PT:  _________V________________________                                            |
                          |_____________________|_____________|                                          |
                                               |                                                                                                    |
                 PA:  _________ V________________________                                             |
                        |_____________________|______________|<--------------------------------|
       沒有DMAC(DMA control),,默認情況下,,首先data會先放在cache中,CPU從cache取值,,緊接著CPU會將下一步的指令放在cache,,再傳送給
DDR,外設再從DDR中取值
     有DMAC(GPU)時,,外設便會直接從DDR中取值,,不會經(jīng)由cache
      當訪問register時,同樣也不回經(jīng)過cache,,而是直接訪問register
      之所以能做到如上述所述,,是因為,在PT中的低12位的flags位中,,包含有是否打開cache這一個選項
                                                                                                                                                                                                             (歡迎轉(zhuǎn)載,,請指明出處)

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