when 和while的用法區(qū)別 ①when是at or during the time that, 既指時間點,,也可指一段時間; while是during the time that,,只指一段時間,。 因此when引導的時間狀語從句中的動詞可以是終止性動詞,也可以是延續(xù)性動詞,,而while從句中的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞,。 ②when 說明從句的動作和主句的動作可以是同時,也可以是先后發(fā)生,;while 則強調(diào)主句的動作在從句動作的發(fā)生的過程中或主從句兩個動作同時發(fā)生,。 ③由when引導的時間狀語從句,主句用過去進行時,,從句應用一般過去時,;如果從句和主句的動作同時發(fā)生,兩句都用過去進行時的時候,,多用while引導,,如: a. When the teacher came in, we were talking. 當此句改變主從句的位置時,則為: While we were talking, the teacher came in. b. They were singing while we were dancing. ④when和while 還可作并列連詞,。when表示“在那時”,;while表示“而,卻”,,表對照關系,。如: a. The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motor bike. 孩子們正要跑過去搬開那袋米,這時他們聽到了摩托車的聲音,。 b. He is strong while his brother is weak. 他長得很結實,,而他弟弟卻很瘦弱。 【擴展】when,,while,,as引導時間狀語從句的區(qū)別 when,while,,as顯然都可以引導時間狀語從句,,但用法區(qū)別非常大。 一,、when可以和延續(xù)性動詞連用,,也可以和短暫性動詞連用,;而while和as只能和延續(xù)性動詞連用。 ①Why do you want a new job when you've got such a good one already,?(get為短暫性動詞)你已經(jīng)找到如此好的工作,,為何還想再找新的? ②Sorry,,I was out when you called me.(call為短暫性動詞)對不起,,你打電話時我剛好外出了。 ③Strike while the iron is hot.(is為延續(xù)性動詞,,表示一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài))趁熱打鐵,。 ④The students took notes as they listened.(listen為延續(xù)性動詞)學生們邊聽課邊做筆記。 二,、when從句的謂語動詞可以在主句謂語動作之前,、之后或同時發(fā)生;while和as從句的謂語動作必須是和主句謂語動作同時發(fā)生,。 1.從句動作在主句動作前發(fā)生,,只用 when。 ①When he had finished his homework,,he took a short rest.(finished先發(fā)生)當他完成作業(yè)后,,他休息了一會兒。 ②When I got to the airport,,the guests had left.(got to后發(fā)生)當我趕到飛機場時,,客人們已經(jīng)離開了。 2.從句動作和主句動作同時發(fā)生,,且從句動作為延續(xù)性動詞時,,when,while,,as都可使用,。 ①When /While /As we were dancing,a stranger came in.(dance為延續(xù)性動詞)當我們跳舞時,,一位陌生人走了進來,。 ②When /While /As she was making a phonecall,,I was writing a letter.(make為延續(xù)性動詞)當她在打電話時,,我正在寫信。 3.當主句,、從句動作同時進行,,從句動作的時間概念淡化,而主要表示主句動作發(fā)生的背景或條件時,,只能用 as,。這時,as常表示“隨著……”;“一邊……,,一邊……”之意,。 ①As the time went on,the weather got worse.(as表示“隨著……”之意) ②The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.隨著高度的增加,,大氣越來越稀薄,。 ③As years go by,China is getting stronger and richer.隨著時間一年一年過去,,中國變得越來越富強了,。 ④The little girls sang as they went |
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