asp.net三層架構(gòu)詳解一,、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) /*==============================================================*/
/* DBMS name: Microsoft SQL Server 2000 */ /*==============================================================*/ if exists (select 1 from sysobjects where id = object_id('newsContent') and type = 'U') drop table newsContent go /*==============================================================*/ /* Table: newsContent */ /*==============================================================*/ create table newsContent ( ID int identity(1,1) primary key, Title nvarchar(50) not null, Content ntext not null, AddDate datetime not null, CategoryID int not null ) go
二,、項(xiàng)目文件架構(gòu) 實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟為:4-3-6-5-2-1
實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟過(guò)程 1,、創(chuàng)建Model,,實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)實(shí)體。 2,、創(chuàng)建IDAL,實(shí)現(xiàn)接口,。 3,、創(chuàng)建SQLServerDAL,,實(shí)現(xiàn)接口里的方法,。 4、增加web.config里的配置信息,,為SQLServerDAL的程序集,。 5、創(chuàng)建DALFactory,,返回程序集的指定類(lèi)的實(shí)例,。 6、創(chuàng)建BLL,,調(diào)用DALFactory,,得到程序集指定類(lèi)的實(shí)例,完成數(shù)據(jù)操作方法,。 7,、創(chuàng)建WEB,調(diào)用BLL里的數(shù)據(jù)操作方法,。 注意: 1,、web.config里的程序集名稱(chēng)必須與SQLServerDAL里的輸出程序集名稱(chēng)一致。 2,、DALFactory里只需要一個(gè)DataAccess類(lèi),,可以完成創(chuàng)建所有的程序集實(shí)例。 3,、項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)建后,,注意修改各項(xiàng)目的默認(rèn)命名空間和程序集名稱(chēng),。 4、注意修改解決方案里的項(xiàng)目依賴(lài),。 5,、注意在解決方案里增加各項(xiàng)目引用。
三,、各層間的訪問(wèn)過(guò)程 1,、傳入值,將值進(jìn)行類(lèi)型轉(zhuǎn)換(為整型),。 2,、創(chuàng)建BLL層的content.cs對(duì)象c,通過(guò)對(duì)象c訪問(wèn)BLL層的方法GetContentInfo(ID)調(diào)用BLL層,。 3,、BLL層方法GetContentInfo(ID)中取得數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)層SQLServerDAL的實(shí)例,實(shí)例化IDAL層的接口對(duì)象dal,這個(gè)對(duì)象是由工廠層DALFactory創(chuàng)建的,,然后返回IDAL層傳入值所查找的內(nèi)容的方法dal.GetContentInfo(id),。 4、數(shù)據(jù)工廠通過(guò)web.config配置文件中給定的webdal字串訪問(wèn)SQLServerDAL層,,返回一個(gè)完整的調(diào)用SQLServerDAL層的路徑給 BLL層,。 5、到此要調(diào)用SQLServerDAL層,,SQLServerDAL層完成賦值Model層的對(duì)象值為空,,給定一個(gè)參數(shù),調(diào)用SQLServerDAL層的SqlHelper的ExecuteReader方法,讀出每個(gè)字段的數(shù)據(jù)賦值給以定義為空的Model層的對(duì)象,。 6,、SqlHelper執(zhí)行sql命令,返回一個(gè)指定連接的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)記錄集,,在這里需要引用參數(shù)類(lèi)型,,提供為打開(kāi)連接命令執(zhí)行做好準(zhǔn)備PrepareCommand。 7,、返回Model層把查詢(xún)得到的一行記錄值賦值給SQLServerDAL層的引入的Model層的對(duì)象ci,,然后把這個(gè)對(duì)象返回給BLL。 8,、回到Web層的BLL層的方法調(diào)用,把得到的對(duì)象值賦值給Lable標(biāo)簽,,在前臺(tái)顯示給界面
四、項(xiàng)目中的文件清單
1,、DBUtility項(xiàng)目 (1)connectionInfo.cs using System;
using System.Configuration; namespace Utility { /// <summary> /// ConnectionInfo 的摘要說(shuō)明,。 /// </summary> public class ConnectionInfo { public static string GetSqlServerConnectionString() { return ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["SQLConnString"]; } } }
2、SQLServerDAL項(xiàng)目 (1)SqlHelper.cs抽象類(lèi) using System;
using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using DBUtility; namespace SQLServerDAL { /// <summary> /// SqlHelper 的摘要說(shuō)明,。 /// </summary> public abstract class SqlHelper { public static readonly string CONN_STR = ConnectionInfo.GetSqlServerConnectionString(); /// <summary> /// 用提供的函數(shù),,執(zhí)行SQL命令,,返回一個(gè)從指定連接的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)記錄集 /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// 例如: /// SqlDataReader r = ExecuteReader(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24)); /// </remarks> /// <param name="connectionString">SqlConnection有效的SQL連接字符串</param> /// <param name="commandType">CommandType:CommandType.Text、CommandType.StoredProcedure</param> /// <param name="commandText">SQL語(yǔ)句或存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程</param> /// <param name="commandParameters">SqlParameter[]參數(shù)數(shù)組</param> /// <returns>SqlDataReader:執(zhí)行結(jié)果的記錄集</returns> public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(string connString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(); SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString); // 我們?cè)谶@里用 try/catch 是因?yàn)槿绻@個(gè)方法拋出異常,,我們目的是關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接,,再拋出異常, // 因?yàn)檫@時(shí)不會(huì)有DataReader存在,,此后commandBehaviour.CloseConnection將不會(huì)工作,。 try { PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, cmdParms); SqlDataReader rdr = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection); cmd.Parameters.Clear(); return rdr; } catch { conn.Close(); throw; } } /// <summary> /// 為執(zhí)行命令做好準(zhǔn)備:打開(kāi)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接,命令語(yǔ)句,,設(shè)置命令類(lèi)型(SQL語(yǔ)句或存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程),,函數(shù)語(yǔ)取。 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd">SqlCommand 組件</param> /// <param name="conn">SqlConnection 組件</param> /// <param name="trans">SqlTransaction 組件,,可以為null</param> /// <param name="cmdType">語(yǔ)句類(lèi)型:CommandType.Text,、CommandType.StoredProcedure</param> /// <param name="cmdText">SQL語(yǔ)句,可以為存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程</param> /// <param name="cmdParms">SQL參數(shù)數(shù)組</param> private static void PrepareCommand(SqlCommand cmd, SqlConnection conn, SqlTransaction trans, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, SqlParameter[] cmdParms) { if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open) conn.Open(); cmd.Connection = conn; cmd.CommandText = cmdText; if (trans != null) cmd.Transaction = trans; cmd.CommandType = cmdType; if (cmdParms != null) { foreach (SqlParameter parm in cmdParms) cmd.Parameters.Add(parm); } } } }
(2)Content.cs類(lèi) using System;
using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using Model; using IDAL; namespace SQLServerDAL { /// <summary> /// Content 的摘要說(shuō)明,。 /// </summary> public class Content:IContent { private const string PARM_ID = "@ID"; private const string SQL_SELECT_CONTENT = "Select ID, Title, Content, AddDate, CategoryID From newsContent Where ID = @ID"; public ContentInfo GetContentInfo(int id) { //創(chuàng)意文章內(nèi)容類(lèi) ContentInfo ci = null; //創(chuàng)建一個(gè)參數(shù) SqlParameter parm = new SqlParameter(PARM_ID, SqlDbType.BigInt, 8); //賦上ID值 parm.Value = id; using(SqlDataReader sdr = SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(SqlHelper.CONN_STR, CommandType.Text, SQL_SELECT_CONTENT, parm)) { if(sdr.Read()) { ci = new ContentInfo(sdr.GetInt32(0),sdr.GetString(1), sdr.GetString(2), sdr.GetDateTime(3), sdr.GetInt32(4), sdr.GetInt32(5), sdr.GetString(6)); } } return ci; } } }
3,、Model項(xiàng)目 (1)contentInfo.cs using System;
namespace Model { /// <summary> /// Class1 的摘要說(shuō)明。 /// </summary> public class ContentInfo { private int _ID; private string _Content; private string _Title; private string _From; private DateTime _AddDate; private int _clsID; private int _tmpID; /// <summary> /// 文章內(nèi)容構(gòu)造函數(shù) /// </summary> /// <param name="id">文章流水號(hào)ID</param> /// <param name="content">文章內(nèi)容</param> /// <param name="title">文章標(biāo)題</param> /// <param name="from">文章來(lái)源</param> /// <param name="clsid">文章的分類(lèi)屬性ID</param> /// <param name="tmpid">文章的模板屬性ID</param> public ContentInfo(int id,string title,string content,string from,DateTime addDate,int clsid,int tmpid ) { this._ID = id; this._Content = content; this._Title = title; this._From = from; this._AddDate = addDate; this._clsID = clsid; this._tmpID = tmpid; } //屬性 public int ID { get { return _ID; } } public string Content { get { return _Content; } } public string Title { get { return _Title; } } public string From { get { return _From; } } public DateTime AddDate { get { return _AddDate; } } public int ClsID { get { return _clsID; } } public int TmpID { get { return _tmpID; } } } }
4,、IDAL項(xiàng)目 (1)Icontent.cs using System;
using Model; namespace IDAL { /// <summary> /// 文章內(nèi)容操作接口 /// </summary> public interface IContent { /// <summary> /// 取得文章的內(nèi)容。 /// </summary> /// <param name="id">文章的ID</param> /// <returns></returns> ContentInfo GetContentInfo(int id); } }
5,、DALFactory項(xiàng)目 (1)Content.cs using System;
using System.Reflection; using System.Configuration; using IDAL; namespace DALFactory { /// <summary> /// 工產(chǎn)模式實(shí)現(xiàn)文章接口,。 /// </summary> public class Content { public static IDAL.IContent Create() { // 這里可以查看 DAL 接口類(lèi)。 string path = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["WebDAL"].ToString(); string className = path+".Content"; // 用配置文件指定的類(lèi)組合 return (IDAL.IContent)Assembly.Load(path).CreateInstance(className); } } }
6,、BLL項(xiàng)目 (1)Content.cs using System;
using Model; using IDAL; namespace BLL { /// <summary> /// Content 的摘要說(shuō)明,。 /// </summary> public class Content { public ContentInfo GetContentInfo(int id) { // 取得從數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)層取得一個(gè)文章內(nèi)容實(shí)例 IContent dal = DALFactory.Content.Create(); // 用DAL查找文章內(nèi)容 return dal.GetContentInfo(id); } } }
7、Web項(xiàng)目 1,、Web.config:
<appSettings>
<add key="SQLConnString" value="Data Source=localhost;Persist Security info=True;Initial Catalog=newsDB;User ID=sa;Password= " />
2,、WebUI.aspx <%@ Page language="c#" Codebehind="WebUI.aspx.cs" AutoEventWireup="false" Inherits="Web.WebUI" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" > <HTML> <HEAD> <title>WebUI</title> <meta name="GENERATOR" Content="Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 7.1"> <meta name="CODE_LANGUAGE" Content="C#"> <meta name="vs_defaultClientScript" content="JavaScript"> <meta name="vs_targetSchema" content="http://schemas.microsoft.com/intellisense/ie5"> </HEAD> <body MS_POSITIONING="GridLayout"> <form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server"> <FONT">宋體"></FONT> <table width="600" border="1"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 173px"> </td> <td> <asp:Label id="lblTitle" runat="server"></asp:Label></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 173px; HEIGHT: 22px"> </td> <td style="HEIGHT: 22px"> <asp:Label id="lblDataTime" runat="server"></asp:Label></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 173px"> </td> <td> <asp:Label id="lblContent" runat="server"></asp:Label></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 173px"> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 173px; HEIGHT: 23px"> </td> <td style="HEIGHT: 23px"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 173px"> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 173px"> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 173px"> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 173px"> </td> <td> <asp:Label id="lblMsg" runat="server">Label</asp:Label></td> </tr> </table> </form> </body> </HTML>
3、WebUI.aspx.cs后臺(tái)調(diào)用顯示: using System;
using System.Collections; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Web; using System.Web.SessionState; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using BLL; using Model; namespace myWeb { /// <summary> /// WebForm1 的摘要說(shuō)明,。 /// </summary> public class WebUI : System.Web.UI.Page { protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Label lblTitle; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Label lblDataTime; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Label lblContent; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Label lblMsg; private ContentInfo ci ; private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { if(!Page.IsPostBack) { GetContent("1"); } } private void GetContent(string id) { int ID = WebComponents.CleanString.GetInt(id); Content c = new Content(); ci = c.GetContentInfo(ID); if(ci!=null) { this.lblTitle.Text = ci.Title; this.lblDataTime.Text = ci.AddDate.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"); this.lblContent.Text = ci.Content; } else { this.lblMsg.Text = "沒(méi)有找到這篇文章"; } } #region Web 窗體設(shè)計(jì)器生成的代碼 override protected void OnInit(EventArgs e) { // // CODEGEN: 該調(diào)用是 ASP.NET Web 窗體設(shè)計(jì)器所必需的,。 // InitializeComponent(); base.OnInit(e); } /// <summary> /// 設(shè)計(jì)器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代碼編輯器修改 /// 此方法的內(nèi)容。 /// </summary> private void InitializeComponent() { this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Page_Load); } #endregion } }
4,、WebComponents項(xiàng)目 (1)CleanString.cs using System;
using System.Text; namespace myWeb.WebComponents { /// <summary> /// CleanString 的摘要說(shuō)明,。 /// </summary> public class CleanString { public static int GetInt(string inputString) { try { return Convert.ToInt32(inputString); } catch { return 0; } } public static string InputText(string inputString, int maxLength) { StringBuilder retVal = new StringBuilder(); // check incoming parameters for null or blank string if ((inputString != null) && (inputString != String.Empty)) { inputString = inputString.Trim(); //chop the string incase the client-side max length //fields are bypassed to prevent buffer over-runs if (inputString.Length > maxLength) inputString = inputString.Substring(0, maxLength); //convert some harmful symbols incase the regular //expression validators are changed for (int i = 0; i < inputString.Length; i++) { switch (inputString[i]) { case '"': retVal.Append("""); break; case '<': retVal.Append("<"); break; case '>': retVal.Append(">"); break; default: retVal.Append(inputString[i]); break; } } // Replace single quotes with white space retVal.Replace("'", " "); } return retVal.ToString(); } } } |
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來(lái)自: ylzrx > 《學(xué)習(xí)》