考點(diǎn)一:考查基本概念 例 Both his parents look sad .Maybe they______what's happened to him . A.knew 簡(jiǎn)析:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成 的影響,,或過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作還未結(jié)束,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)?/font> 來,,重點(diǎn)在于對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,。這種考查難度較大,往往無時(shí) 間狀語,,需要從上下文分析,、推理才行。故上兩側(cè)根據(jù)上下 文分析,、推理,,正確答案是B。 考點(diǎn)二:考查時(shí)間狀語 例1. He has A.already 例2. A.just 例3.The famous writer _____ one new book in the past A.is writing B.was writing C.wroteD.has written 例4.—Our country —Yes . I hope it will be even ______ . A.has changed;well C.has changed; better 例5.Zhao Lan ______already two years . A.was;studying 例6.We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl. A.know B.had known C.have knownD. knew 例7.Harry Potter is a very nice film.I______it twice . A.will seeB.have seenC.sawD.see 簡(jiǎn)析:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語常有如下四類: ?、努F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與already(已經(jīng))just(剛剛,正好) ever(曾經(jīng)),,never(從來,,也不;從不)before(以前) yet(仍然)等連用,。故例1應(yīng)選B,;例2應(yīng)選C。 ?、片F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與recently(近來),,so 前為止),in 語連用,。因?yàn)樯鲜龆陶Z表示的是從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時(shí) 間,句中的動(dòng)作是從過去某一時(shí)間或時(shí)刻開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的,。 故例3應(yīng)選D,,例4應(yīng)選C。 ?、乾F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)常與“for +時(shí)間段或since +過去時(shí)間 點(diǎn)”連用(含從句,,從句過去時(shí)),。故例5應(yīng)選C,例6應(yīng)選C,。 ?、痊F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還與once(一次),twice(兩次),, three 復(fù)次數(shù)的詞語連用。故例7應(yīng)選B,。 考點(diǎn)三:考查與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別 例1.—These farmers have been to the United States . A.will they go C.do they go 例2.—______ you ___ your —Yes . I _____ A.Did;do;finished C.Have;done;have finished 簡(jiǎn)析:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)容易混淆,,就是因?yàn)樗鼈?/font> 所表示的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去,但二者又有區(qū)別:一般過去 時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事,、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的 動(dòng)作,,說話的側(cè)重點(diǎn)在于陳述一件過去的事情,與現(xiàn)在沒 有關(guān)系,;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系的發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng) 作,它不與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(如yesterday,last week, a moment 考點(diǎn)四:考查非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的用法 例1. His A.joined B.has joined C. was in D.has been in 例2.—Do you know him well ? — A.were B.have been C.have becomeD. have made 例3.—How long have you —About two months . A.been B.gone 例4.Hurry up!The play __________ for A.has begun C.has been on 例5.His uncle died two years ago.(改變句子,句意不變) His uncle has 例6.Her mother has been a Party member for three years .(同義句) Her mother_______the 例7.It _____ten years since he left the army . A.is B.has C.will 簡(jiǎn)析:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中,非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能與for和since引導(dǎo)的 表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用,通常是用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞來代替,。 常用的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及替代形式如下: close—→be get up—→be up, marry—→be married(to), fall asleep/ go to sleep —→be asleep ( sleep ) , get to know—→ know come/arrive—→be here/in , come/get back—→be back , go/leave-be away , buy—→have , die—→be dead , catch a cold—→ have a cold等, 故例1,、2,、3、4的正確答案依次為:D,、B,、A、C,。例5應(yīng)填 been 示,,故例6應(yīng)填joined,;ago。再次,,還可用“It is + 一 段時(shí)間+since從句”來表示,,故例7應(yīng)選A。 考點(diǎn)五:考查詞組have/has 例1.Miss Green isn't in the office.she______to the A.has goneB.went 例2.My parents ______Shandong for A.have been in C.have 簡(jiǎn)析:“have/has (還未回來)",指主語所指的人不在這兒.“have/has 狀語連用.“have/has been to +地點(diǎn)”表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地 (但現(xiàn)在已不在那兒),。”故例1、2的正確答案皆為A,。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 一,、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,。 1.I___already____(see)the film.I___(see)it last week. 2.__ he ____(finish) his work today ? Not yet . 3.___you ___(be)to Hong Kong ?Yes,I ____(be)there twice . 4.__ you ever ____(eat )chocolate sundaes? No, never. 5.My father ____just ____(come) back from work.He 三,、 填入has / have been 或has / have gone. 1.Harry:I saw you in Annabel's Restaurant last night. 四、 用for 或since填空 1. Jill has been in Ireland Monday. 五,、 A.用 already或 yet C. has made…tried “ Last year “ C. has learned…has C. Have…copied…did C. did…get…has shouted C. kept…have waited C. did…go…went C. know…have lived C. Have…been to C. has been in |
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