一: 備份;

1:連接目標數(shù)據(jù)庫:

rman

rman>connect target /    ---當?shù)貦C器連接形式

進入歸檔模式切換:

sqlplus /nolog

sql>conn / as sysdba;

sql>archive log list;---查看是否歸檔模式
啟動start mount 狀態(tài)下

進行歸檔模式的切換

sql>alter database archivelog;

再啟動即可,；

2:查詢目標數(shù)據(jù)庫的配置情況;

RMAN> SHOW ALL;

修改成如下配置:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 'F:rman_back%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL 1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT "F:rman_back%U";
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO 'F:rman_backSNCFRAYDB.ORA';

如果CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF;

執(zhí)行下面語句：

RMAN>CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

3:備份控制和數(shù)據(jù)文件

RMAN>backup database;

4:備份日志文件;

rman>backup archivelog all delete input;

二: 恢復(fù):

1:先將數(shù)據(jù)庫工作在'已裝載'模式下;

sql>shutdown immediate;

sql>startup mount;

sql>select status from v$instance;--open

2:rman>restore database;

3:rman>recover database;

數(shù)據(jù)庫恢復(fù)成功;

sql>alter database open;

OK;

<二>:表空間的備份與恢復(fù);數(shù)據(jù)庫要工作在歸檔日志模式下;

1:表空間的備份;

rman>backup (tablespace users include current controlfile);

2:備份歸檔日志;

rman>backup (archivelog all delete input);

3:表空間恢復(fù);

3.1:表空間的脫機;

rman> sql'alter tablespace users offline immediate';

3.2:表空間所屬數(shù)據(jù)文件還原;

rman>restore(tablespace users);

3.3:表空間恢復(fù)過程;

rman>recover tablespace users;

3.4:表空間聯(lián)機的過程;

rman>sql'alter tablespace users online';

<三>:數(shù)據(jù)文件的備份恢復(fù);數(shù)據(jù)庫要工作在歸檔日志模式下;

1:備份數(shù)據(jù)文件;

rman>backup (datafile 'd:oracleoradatadbnameusers01.dbf');

2:備份所有歸檔日志文件;

rman>backup (archivelog all delete input);

3:數(shù)據(jù)文件的恢復(fù);

3.1:將數(shù)據(jù)文件所屬的表空間users脫機;

rman>sql'alter tablespace users offline immediate';

3.2:將數(shù)據(jù)文件還原的過程;

rman>restore (datafile 'd:oracleoradatadbnameusers01.dbf') ;

3.3:數(shù)據(jù)文件的恢復(fù)過程;

rman>recover datafile 'd:oracleoradatadbnameusers01.dbf';

3.4數(shù)據(jù)文件所屬的表空間的聯(lián)機;

rman>sql'alter tablespace users online';

OK;

<四>數(shù)據(jù)整庫備份與恢復(fù)備份命令(示例)

只備份數(shù)據(jù)文件 (如果configure controlfile autobackup on; 將自動包括控件文件，SPFILE)

4.1備份

RMAN> backup database;

同時備份歸檔日志，然后將備份后的歸檔日志刪除

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete input;

明確指定同時備份控件文件：

RMAN> run{

　　allocate channel ch1 type disk;

　　sql 'alter system archive log current';

　　backup full database include current controlfile tag 'db_full_controlfile_%T'

　　format '/user/oracle/rmanback/full_%u_%s_%p';---'d:\oracle\rman\full_%u_%s_%p';

　　sql 'alter system archive log current';

　　release channel ch1;

　　}

4.2恢復(fù)(完全恢復(fù))

　　目標數(shù)據(jù)庫必須是mount狀態(tài)

　　rman target /

　　RMAN> startup mount

　　RMAN> restore database;

　　RMAN> recover database;

　　RMAN> alter database open;

-----(recover database until cancel;)--sqlplus

----- alter database open resetlogs;