現(xiàn)在一英鎊被劃分成100份,,1/100鎊是一便士,單數(shù)penny(1 penny),,復數(shù)pence(2 pence),,生活中一般就用P代替(1P, 5P, 20P)。 【轉(zhuǎn)】古老的英國貨幣制度2008-11-12 16:41http://autumnppg./logs/19897758.html 現(xiàn)在一英鎊被劃分成100份,,1/100鎊是一便士,,單數(shù)penny(1 penny),,復數(shù)pence(2 pence),生活中一般就用P代替(1P, 5P, 20P)。1971年以前,,一英鎊是被劃分為240份,, 主要貨幣單位是鎊(pound),便士和先令(shilling),,所以傳統(tǒng)的貨幣系統(tǒng)又叫做£sd(£=pound, s=shilling, d=penny),,或者L.S.D。其中最小的貨幣單位仍然是便士,,但是1 pound = 240 pence,,換句話說,當年的便士的面值和今天是不同的,。先令和鎊,,便士的換算方式是:1 pound (£1) = 20 shillings (20s),1 shilling (1s) = 12 pence (12d),。至于前面提到的2/6實際上是2先令6便士的另一種寫法,,而5先令整也可以寫成5/-。如果再加上鎊,,比如2鎊14先令5便士,,可以寫成£2 14s 5d,或者 £sd是貨幣系統(tǒng)的主要組成部分,但是在談到不同面值的硬幣的時候還會冒出來一些奇怪的名稱,。 不過如果搞清了£sd的規(guī)則,,把其他的也搞清就不是那么困難了。 Farthing,。1 farthing = 0.25 penny,,這個拼法的來源是英文“fourth part”,意為便士的四分之一,。曾出現(xiàn)過的與之相關(guān)的硬幣面值有: Quarter farthing = 1/16 d = £0.00026 (1839–1868) Third farthing = 1/12 d = £0.0003472 (1827–1913) Half farthing = 1/8 d = £0.00052083 (1828–1868) Farthing = 1/4 d = £0.00104167 (1200–1960) Three farthings = 3/4 d =£0.0031 (1561–1582) Penny,。剛才說過了,與之相關(guān)的硬幣面值有: Halfpenny = 1/2 d = £0.0021 (1272–1969) One penny = 1d = £0.0042 (757–1970) Three halfpence = 1½d = £0.0063 (1561–1582, 1834–1870) Twopence = 2d = £0.0083 (silver 1668–current; copper 1797–1798) Threepence = 3d = £0.0125 (silver 1547–1945; nickel-brass 1937–1970) Sixpence = 6d = £0.025 (1547–1970) Gold penny = 1/8 [£0.0833] to 2/- [£0.1] (1257–1265) 純金的,。稀有?,F(xiàn)如今很值錢。 Groat,。1 groat = 4d,,與之相關(guān)的硬幣面值有: Half groat = 2d = £0.0083] (1351–1662) Groat = 4d = £0.0167 (silver 1279–1662, 1836–1862) Shilling。剛才說過了,,與之相關(guān)的硬幣面值有: Shilling = 1/- = £0.05 (1502–1970) Two shillings = 2/- = £0.1] (1848–1970) Fifty shillings = 50/- = £2.5 (1656) Florin,。這種貨幣分為兩個系統(tǒng),,一個是中世紀florin,half florin, 和quarter florin,,這三種是金幣,,原本還用于歐洲大陸的交易;另一個是后來的維多利亞florin和double florin,。這兩個系統(tǒng)的florin面值不同,。不過中世紀那一套用了一年就沒在用了,據(jù)說因為含金量不達標,,歐洲的商人不收(囧),。 Quarter florin (helm) = 1/6 = £0.075 (1344) Florin (two shillings) = 2/- = £0.1 (1848–1970) Half florin (leopard) = 3/- = £0.15 (1344) Double florin =4/- = £0.2 (1887–1890) 銀幣。 Florin (double leopard) = 6/- = £0.3 (1344) Noble,。這種貨幣最早等于6先令8便士,,后來還升值了,變成8先令4便士,。 Quarter noble = 1/8 = £0.0833 (1344–1470) Half noble = 3/4 = £0.1667, raised = 4/2 = £0.2083 (1464) 鑄造于(1346-1438) Noble = 6/8 = £0.3333, raised = 8/4 = £0.4167 (1464), (1344–1464) Rose noble (ryal) = 10/- = £0.5, = 15/- = £0.75 from 1553, (1464–1470, 1487, 1553–1603); Rose ryal = 30/- = £1.5 (1604–1625); Spur ryal = 15/- = £0.75 (1604–1625) Angel,。也是中世紀貨幣。 Quarter angel = 2/- = £0.1 (1547–1600) 金幣,。 Half angel = 3/4 = £0.1667 later = 5/6 = £0.275 (1470–1619) Angel = 6/8 = £0.3333 (1461–1643) Crown,。也是巨老一貨幣。 Half crown = 2/6 = £0.125 (1526–1969) 那時候一本企鵝小說就這個價,。 Crown of the rose = 4/6 = £0.225 (1526–1551) Crown = 5/- = £0.25 (1526–1965) Double crown = 10/- = £0.5 (1604–1619; 1625–1662) Guinea,。來了,幾尼,。這個經(jīng)??吹降摹R粠啄岬扔诙幌攘?,比英鎊面值還大一點,,怪吧? Quarter guinea = 5/3 = £0.2625 (1718, 1762) Third guinea = 7/- = £0.35 (1797–1813) Half guinea = 10/6 = £0.525 (1669–1813) Guinea = 21/- = £1.05 (1663–1799, 1813) Two guineas / double guinea: originally = 40/- = £2, later = 42/- £2.1 (1664–1753) Five guineas: originally = 100/- = £5, later = 105/- = £5.25 (1668–1753) Mark,。都鐸年代的貨幣,。 Half mark = 6/8 = £0.333 Mark = 13/4 = £0.667 Sovereign。這以下似乎都是鎊或鎊的另一種說法,。 Half sovereign = 10/- = £0.5 (1544–1553; 1603–1604; 1817–1937) Sovereign =20/- = £1 (1489–1604; 1817–1937) Pound,。 Halfpound = 10/- = £0.5 (1559–1602; 1642–1644) Two pounds = 40/- = £2 (1823–1937) Five pounds = 100/- = £5 (1826–1990) 金幣。 Laurel,。 Half laurel = 10/- = £0.5 (1619–1625) Laurel = 20/- = £1 (1619–1644) Unite,。 Half unite = 10/- = £0.5 (1642–1643) Unite = 20/- = £1 (1604–1619; 1649–1662) Triple unite = 60/- = £3 (1642–1644) 最后是兩個比較特殊的。 Carolus = 20/- = £1, later = 23/- =1.15 (查理一世統(tǒng)治時期) Broad = 20/- = £1 (1656) 這些都是1971年之前的貨幣或面值,,這個時期稱為Pre-decimal,,也就是1英鎊=240d的時期,。自從1英鎊被劃分為100份之后(1英鎊=100p),英國貨幣就進入了decimal時期?,F(xiàn)在的硬幣系統(tǒng)要簡單的多,我們只有pound和penny,。
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