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在sql中刪除重復(fù)記錄(多種方法)

 duduwolf 2005-08-22
 

學(xué)習(xí)sql有一段時間了,,發(fā)現(xiàn)在我建了一個用來測試的表(沒有建索引)中出現(xiàn)了許多的重復(fù)記錄,。后來總結(jié)了一些刪除重復(fù)記錄的方法,在Oracle中,,可以通過唯一rowid實現(xiàn)刪除重復(fù)記錄,;還可以建臨時表來實現(xiàn)...這個只提到其中的幾種簡單實用的方法,希望可以和大家分享(以表employee為例),。

SQL> desc employee

 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ------------------

emp_id                                                NUMBER(10)
emp_name                                           VARCHAR2(20)

salary                                                  NUMBER(10,2)

 

 

可以通過下面的語句查詢重復(fù)的記錄:

SQL> select * from employee;

 

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                  SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                         20000

         2 semon                                         20000

         3 xyz                                           30000

         2 semon                                         20000

 


SQL>
select distinct * from employee;

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                         20000

         3 xyz                                             30000

SQL>  select * from employee group by emp_id,emp_name,salary having count (*)>1

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                          20000


SQL>
select * from employee e1

where rowid in (select max(rowid) from employe e2
 
where e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and

  e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);

 

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         3 xyz                                             30000

         2 semon                                         20000

 

 

2. 刪除的幾種方法:

 

1)通過建立臨時表來實現(xiàn)

SQL>create table temp_emp as (select distinct * from employee) 

SQL> truncate table employee; (清空employee表的數(shù)據(jù))

SQL> insert into employee select * from temp_emp;  (再將臨時表里的內(nèi)容插回來)

 

( 2)通過唯一rowid實現(xiàn)刪除重復(fù)記錄.Oracle中,,每一條記錄都有一個rowidrowid在整個數(shù)據(jù)庫中是唯一的,,rowid確定了每條記錄是在Oracle中的哪一個數(shù)據(jù)文件,、塊、行上,。在重復(fù)的記錄中,,可能所有列的內(nèi)容都相同,但rowid不會相同,,所以只要確定出重復(fù)記錄中那些具有最大或最小rowid的就可以了,,其余全部刪除。

SQL>delete from employee e2 where rowid not in (
       
select max(e1.rowid) from employee e1 where

        e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);--這里用min(rowid)也可以,。

 

SQL>delete from employee e2 where rowid <(
       
select max(e1.rowid) from employee e1 where
        e1.emp_id
=e2.emp_id and e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and

                  e1.salary=e2.salary);

 

3)也是通過rowid,,但效率更高。

SQL>delete from employee where rowid not in (
       
select max(t1.rowid) from employee t1 group by

         t1.emp_id,t1.emp_name,t1.salary);--這里用min(rowid)也可以,。

 

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         3 xyz                                             30000

         2 semon                                         20000

 

 

 

SQL> desc employee

 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ------------------

emp_id                                                NUMBER(10)
emp_name                                           VARCHAR2(20)

salary                                                  NUMBER(10,2)

 

 

可以通過下面的語句查詢重復(fù)的記錄:

SQL> select * from employee;

 

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                  SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                         20000

         2 semon                                         20000

         3 xyz                                           30000

         2 semon                                         20000

 


SQL>
select distinct * from employee;

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                         20000

         3 xyz                                             30000

SQL>  select * from employee group by emp_id,emp_name,salary having count (*)>1

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                          20000


SQL>
select * from employee e1

where rowid in (select max(rowid) from employe e2
 
where e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and

  e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);

 

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         3 xyz                                             30000

         2 semon                                         20000

 

 

2. 刪除的幾種方法:

 

1)通過建立臨時表來實現(xiàn)

SQL>create table temp_emp as (select distinct * from employee) 

SQL> truncate table employee; (清空employee表的數(shù)據(jù))

SQL> insert into employee select * from temp_emp;  (再將臨時表里的內(nèi)容插回來)

 

( 2)通過唯一rowid實現(xiàn)刪除重復(fù)記錄.Oracle中,,每一條記錄都有一個rowidrowid在整個數(shù)據(jù)庫中是唯一的,,rowid確定了每條記錄是在Oracle中的哪一個數(shù)據(jù)文件,、塊、行上,。在重復(fù)的記錄中,,可能所有列的內(nèi)容都相同,但rowid不會相同,,所以只要確定出重復(fù)記錄中那些具有最大或最小rowid的就可以了,,其余全部刪除。

SQL>delete from employee e2 where rowid not in (
       
select max(e1.rowid) from employee e1 where

        e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);--這里用min(rowid)也可以,。

 

SQL>delete from employee e2 where rowid <(
       
select max(e1.rowid) from employee e1 where
        e1.emp_id
=e2.emp_id and e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and

                  e1.salary=e2.salary);

 

3)也是通過rowid,但效率更高,。

SQL>delete from employee where rowid not in (
       
select max(t1.rowid) from employee t1 group by

         t1.emp_id,t1.emp_name,t1.salary);--這里用min(rowid)也可以,。

 

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         3 xyz                                             30000

         2 semon                                         20000

 

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